决定GRE作文Aegument分数的决定性因素,这个你必须要知道!
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Argument 题库一共有177道题,有大量题目重复,但由于写作要求 Instruction不同,相对写法也会有所不同,是否符合写作要求也会极大程度决定写作的分数。
下面介绍一下Argument题目中的4种类型:
分析评分标准
官方6分评分标准:
In addressing the specific task directions, a 6 response presents a cogent, well-articulated examination of the argument and conveys meaning skillfully. A typical response in this category exhibits the following characteristics:
specific task direction 是首要标准,也是所有3分以上评分标准的要求。
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Clearly identifies aspects of the argument relevant to the assigned task and examines them insightfully
清楚地识别原Argument的各方面:指的是原Argument的推理过程当中的元素【如结论(conclusion)、支持结论的事实(fact)、证据(evidence)、对事实的解释(explanation)以及作者的推理过程所依赖的假设(assumption)。
识别出和这道题(the assigned task)相关的方面:指的就是写作要求,识别写作要求的不同,从而对整个文章的分析与切入点都会改变
有洞察力的审视和讨论:要求我们对之前识别的内容(即原argument的各元素进行审视和分析,探讨其中的逻辑关系,这时候就需要进行构建逻辑链)
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Develops ideas cogently, organizes them logically, and connects them with clear transitions
清晰有力地发展观点,有逻辑地组织观点。
这点往往是我们最难做到的,但如果意识到什么叫做有逻辑的组织观点,也是最好做到的。
清晰的逻辑连接:要求我们正确的使用逻辑连接词(in addition / further more / what’s more)【体现逻辑错误内在的逻辑,因果关系/让步 (即使作者可以证实前一个逻辑错误,作者还是犯了下一个错误)even if the author can justify the assumption,he still…】
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Provides compelling and thorough support for its main points
支持主旨令人信服:这一点需要我们对应写作要求,从不同角度进行支持论证(举例子/讲道理)
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Convey ideas fluently and precisely, using effective vocabulary and sentence variety
语言的流畅和精准:分别体现在用词与句子的表达上。【词汇首先要做到准确,然后再去追求生动形象。1. 词语意思越具体、越实在,就越准确,这一点在动词上体现尤为明显。大家经常用到的get, let, make等词,这些词比较笼统,在具体使用上不够精准。 2. 具有画面感的词语比较生动,也因此更加有效。这都要考平常大量的阅读来积累。
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Demonstrates superior facility with the conventions of standard written English but may have minor flaws
词汇语法没有错误:minor flaws 指的一般是程度轻【不影响正常阅读,不能反映语法能力有缺陷),数量少(全篇不超过5个)】
因为我们的目的是要尽可能的拿到高分,同样的,在研究评分标准的时候也应该尽量向6分的标准靠近,所以我们应该把6分的标准吃透,然后避免犯低分范文的错误。
因为5分范文的评分标准其实与6分类似,而我们要奔着更严格的要求去,因此就略过5分范文标准,下面就着重了解一下4分及一下的缺点:
【Score 4】
In addressing the specific task directions, a 4 response presents a competent examination of the argument and conveys meaning with acceptable clarity. A typical response in this category exhibits the following characteristics:
1.It identifies and examines aspects of the argument relevant to the assigned task but may also discuss some extraneous points.
2.It develops and organizes ideas satisfactorily but may not connect them with transitions.
3.It supports its main points adequately but may be uneven in its support.
4.It demonstrates sufficient control of language to convey ideas with reasonable clarity.
5.It generally demonstrates control of the conventions of standard written English but may have some errors.
总结一下缺点:
(1) 部分内容无关(虽然照应了写作要求,但还是有些跑题);
(2) 逻辑衔接不当;
(3) 对观点的支撑不足
【Score 3】
A 3 response demonstrates some competence in addressing the specific task directions, in examining the argument, and in conveying meaning but is obviously flawed. A typical response in this category exhibits ONE OR MORE of the following characteristics:
1. It does not identify or examine most of the aspects of the argument relevant to the assigned task, although some relevant examination of the argument is present.
2. It mainly discusses tangential or irrelevant matters, or reasons poorly.
3. It is limited in the logical development and organization of ideas.
4. It offers support of little relevance and value for its main points.
5. It has problems in language and sentence structure that result in a lack of clarity.
6. It contains occasional major errors or frequent minor errors in grammar, usage, or mechanics that can interfere with meaning.
错误:
1. 没有识别argument要素;
2. 偏离讨论话题,推理不足;
3. 逻辑和结构不足;
4. 主要观点缺少支撑;
5. 语言句式有问题导致表达不明确;
6. 语法错误干扰正常阅读
这里已经可以看出,3分并不是一个很高的标准,想要拿到3分以上,我们只需要做到;
l 紧贴写作要求
l 逻辑衔接到位
l 语言得当,表意清楚
l 保持较少的错误(语法错误避免)
做到这几点 ,Argument并不难拿高分