UDC

NATIONAL STANDARD
GB
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国国家标准
P GB 50015-2003

Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage

建筑给水排水设计规范
(2009 Revision)

Issued on: April 15, 2003 Implemented on: September 1, 2003

Jointly Issued by the Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China and the
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China
 NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国国家标准

Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage

建筑给水排水设计规范
GB 50015-2003

Chief Development Department: Shanghai Construction and Management Committee

Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China
Implementation Date: September 1, 2003

Beijing 2003
 Notification of Ministry of Construction of the People’s

Republic of China
No. 138

Notification of national standard Code for Design of Building Water

Supply and Drainage made by the Ministry of Construction of the
People’s Republic of China

Now “Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage” as the national standard,
with the No. of GB 50015-2003, and will be implemented from September1, 2003. Among which,
No. 3.2.1, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.5, 3.2.6, 3.2.9, 3.2.10, 3.2.14, 3.5.8, 3.9.1, 3.9.3, 3.9.4, 3.9.9, 3.9.12,
3.9.14, 3.9.22, 3.9.24, 3.9.27, 4.2.6, 4.3.5, 4.3.6, 4.3.13, 4.3.19, 4.5.9, 4.8.4, 4.8.8, 5.4.5, 5.4.20 are
mandatory clauses, and should be strictly implemented. At the same time the former “Code for
Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage” GBJ 15-88 shall be abrogated on the same date.
This code is published and issued by China Plan Press organized by Standard & Cost
Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction.

Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China

April 15, 2003
Notification of publishing partial revision of national standard “Code for Design
of Building Water Supply and Drainage”
No.138

Now the partial revision of “Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage” (GB
50015-2003) has been approved, and will be implemented from April 1, 2010. Clauses 3.2.3A,
3.2.4, 3.2.4A, 3.2.4C, 3.2.5, 3.2.5A, 3.2.5B, 3.2.5C, 3.2.6, 3.2.10, 3.9.14, 3.9.18A, 3.9.20A, 3.9.24,
4.2.6, 4.3.3A, 4.3.4, 4.3.6, 4.3.6A, 4.5.10A are mandatory, and should be strictly implemented.
After the revision, the former clauses shall be abrogated on the same date.
The partially-revised clauses and their specific contents will be published on the MOHURD’s
related websites and the recent journal Engineering Construction Standardization.

The Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development of PRC

October 20, 2009
 Foreword

The present code is a revision of the former national standard “Code for Design of Building
Water Supply and Drainage” GBJ 15-88 managed by Shanghai Municipal Construction
Commission, compiled by Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd. jointly with
the China Architecture Design & Research Group and the Architectural Design and Research
Institute of Guangdong Province, according to the official document No.JB [1998] 94 of the
Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China.
In the process of the revision, summed the engineering experience in building water
supply and drainage in recent years, developed topic deliberation to major issue, proposed the
questionnaire opinion manuscript and worked out by Establishment Group in the foundation of
wide suggestions from the units of designing, researching and universities all our country.
The major revisions of technology are (1) residential area water supply and drainage design
has been added; (2) dwelling and public buildings rated water consumption has been readjusted
and added; (3) the measures to prevent pollution in pipe connect have been added; (4) applied
technology of new types of pipe has been added; (5) probability formula of calculating second
flow of domestic water supply has been adopted; (6) hydraulic calculation of varied types of pipe
has been unified; (7) recycle water treatment of aquatic recreation pool has been added; (8) the
design for cooling water and recycle water has been added; (9) details of hospital sewage, water
supply and drainage for swimming pool expressed in association standards have been deleted,
only provisions of principle, safety and sanitation reserved; (10) the provisions on water supply
and drainage for production technology have been deleted; (11) the parameter of pressure flow of
roof rainwater has been added; (12) applied range for design heat consumption of maximum hour
with central hot water supply has been readjusted; (13) calculation of natural cycle hot water pipe
system has been deleted; (14) technology essential and parameter of hot water machine set and
water heater have been added and (15) relevant contents of pipe portable water system pipe
system have been added.
The information and provisions revised will be published on the magazine “standardization
of engineering construction” while the code needs to revise in part.
The compulsory provisions in the code that indicated by boldface type must carry out strictly.
Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China will be responsible for
supervision of the present code and explanation about the compulsory provisions, Shanghai
Municipal Construction Commission for its handled and Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design
(Group) Co., Ltd. for its specific explanation. If users find, in the course of execution of the
present code, any points which need to be modified or supplemented, they are requested to give
their suggestions and concerned documents to Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design (Group)
Co., Ltd. (Shanghai Shi Men second road 258th Modern architectural design edifice, national
standard “code for design of building water supply and drainage” Manage Group, ZIP code:
200041) for reference during the next revision of the present code.
Chief editorial unit, participating units and main drafting staffs of this code.
Chief editorial unit: Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd.
Participating units: China Architecture Design & Research Group
Architectural Design and Research Institute of Guangdong Province
Main drafting staffs:
Zhang Miao, Liu Zhenyin, He Guanqin, Feng Xudong, Sang Luqing

NOTE: The English version hereof has been translated by codeofchina.com directly from the
openly-published Chinese standard GB 50015-2003 (2009 Edition). In the event of any
discrepancy in the process of implementation, the Chinese version shall prevail. Please contact
+86-10-8572 5655 for ordering more English-translated Chinese standards.
 Contents
1 General ...........................................................................................................................1
2 Terms, Symbols...............................................................................................................2
2.1 Terms ....................................................................................................................2
2.2 Symbols ................................................................................................................8
3 Water Supply................................................................................................................. 12
3.1 Rated water consumption and water pressure....................................................... 12
3.2 Water quality and water quality pollution protection ............................................ 18
3.3 System selection.................................................................................................. 20
3.4 Pipe material, fittings and water meter ................................................................. 22
3.5 Piping layout and pipe laying .............................................................................. 26
3.6 Design flow and hydraulic calculation of pipe ..................................................... 28
3.7 Water tower, Water tank, Reservoir ..................................................................... 35
3.8 Pressurizing equipment, pump house................................................................... 37
3.9 Swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool ........................................................ 39
3.10 Cooling tower and circulation cooling water ...................................................... 43
3.11 Waterscape........................................................................................................... 46
4 Water Drainage ............................................................................................................. 47
4.1 Selection of drainage system ............................................................................... 47
4.2 Sanitary fixture and water lock ............................................................................ 47
4.3 Pipe location and pipelining ................................................................................ 49
4.4 Calculation of drainage pipe ................................................................................ 52
4.5 Pipe material fittings and inspection well............................................................. 58
4.6 Vent pipe ............................................................................................................ 60
4.7 Sewage pump and catch pit ................................................................................. 63
4.8 Local domestic sewage disposal .......................................................................... 64
4.9 Rain Water .......................................................................................................... 69
5 Hot water and drinking water supply ............................................................................. 75
5.1 Rated consumption, temperature and quality of hot water .................................... 75
5.2 Selection of hot water supply system ................................................................... 80
5.3 Calculation of heat consumption, hot water quantity and heating equipment hot
supply.......................................................................................................................... 82
5.4 Water Heating and Storage.................................................................................. 85
5.5 Calculation of Net Work...................................................................................... 96
5.6 Pipe, Fitting and Pipeline Laying......................................................................... 97
5.7 Drinking Water Supply........................................................................................ 99
Appendix A Hazard Degree of Backflow Pollution and Selection of Backflow Preventer 102
Appendix B Residential District Underground Pipeline (Structure) Minimum Net Clearance
between Lines ................................................................................................................... 104
Appendix C Water Supply Pipe Section Sanitary Fixtures Water Supply Equivalent
Simultaneously Outflow Probability Calculated Equation, ΑC Coefficient Values Table .... 105
Appendix D Valves and Screw Fittings Resistance Loss Converted Length of Compensation
......................................................................................................................................... 106
Appendix E Water Supply Pipe Section Designed Second Flow Calculation Table ......... 107
Appendix F Drinking Water Number of Taps Simultaneously Use in the Calculated Pipe
Section.............................................................................................................................. 120
 1 General

1.0.1 This code has been prepared for the purpose of ensuring the quality of building water
supply and drainage design, and setting the design to meet the basic requirement of safety, hygiene,
applicability, economy.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the water supply and drainage design of residential area, public
building area, civil building, and also applicable to the domestic water and drainage and factory
roof rain-fall run-off design of industrial building.
But when designing the following projects, current relevant specified code or regulation must
be complied:
1 Collapsible soil, perennially frozen soil and expansive soil region building.
2 Building with anti-seismic intensity more than 9.
3 Mineral water cure, civil air defense works.
4 Industrial production water supply and drainage.
5 Building reclaimed water and rainwater utilization.
1.0.3 Building water supply and drainage design must meet the application demands and also
provide convenience for construction installation, operation management, maintenance inspection
and safety protection.
1.0.3A This code specifies the basic requirements for building water supply and drainage design.
In case that this code is in conflict with the national laws and administrative regulations, the latter
will prevail.
1.0.4 Building water supply and drainage engineering design must comply with this code, in
addition, must comply with the requirements of the current relevant standards and codes of the
country.

1
 2 Terms, Symbols

2.1 Terms

2.1.1 Drinking water

Water quality meets drinking water hygienic standard apply to usual drinking and washing
water.
2.1.2 Non-drinking water
Water mot safe for drinking or for personal or culinary use, apply to wash sanitary fixture,
vehicle, road sprinkling, irrigate greenbelt, and complement air condition circulating water.
2.1.3 Hourly variation coefficient
Ratio between maximum daily maximum hourly water consumption and average hourly
water consumption.
2.1.4 Maximum hourly water consumption
The maximum water consumption per hour in the peak hours in the maximum daily water
consumption day,
2.1.4A Average hourly water consumption
The average water consumption per hour in the maximum daily water consumption day
2.1.5 Backflow pollution
A pollution condition which may occur in the drinking water distribution system due to
back-pressure back flow or siphonage back flow.
2.1.5A Back-pressure back flow
Due to pressure loss at upstream of the water pipeline, causing non-drinking water or other
liquid, mixture flow into drinking water supply system.
2.1.5B Siphonage back flow
Due to negative pressure in the pipeline, causing a reversal of flow or mixture flow from
sanitary fixture or water storage receptor to domestic water supply system.
2.1.6 Air gap
In water distribution system, the vertical space distance between the lowest point of water
supply pipeline outlet and the receptor which water overflows; in drainage system, the vertical
space distance between the lowest point of indirect drainage facility or storage outlet and the
receptor which water overflows.
2.1.7 Flood-level rim
The edge of the receptor which water overflows.
2.1.7A Backflow preventer
A device adopting check valve components to prevent the backflow in the water supply
pipeline.
2.1.7B Vacuum breaker
A device that can introduce the air pressure to eliminate the siphon backflow in the water
supply pipeline
2.1.8 Service pipe
This pipe from the water main in the street to building inside or municipal pipeline of supply
to the building water supply network.

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2.1.9 Inter-building pipe
Water supply and drainage pipeline laying around the building, directly connect with building
inlet and outlet pipes.
2.1.10 Inlet pipe
Pipe between water meter in building and domestic water supply pipeline inside building.
2.1.11 Vertical division zone
The building water supply system is vertically divided into a certain number of zones.
2.1.12 Parallel water supply
Mode of the water supply system in vertical division zone with independent pressurization
(depressurization) system.
2.1.13 Series water supply
Mode of the water supply system in vertical division zone with pressurization
(depressurization) system connected in series way in all zones.
2.1.13A Pressure superposed water supply
A secondary water supply mode that applies residual pressure of the outdoor water supply
network to directly pump the water for re-pressurization.
2.1.14 Exposed installation
Indoor pipeline with exposed installation.
2.1.15 Concealed installation, embedded installation
Indoor pipeline installed in wall channel/well or pipe duct, or conceded in by architectural
decoration.
2.1.16 Manifold
A fitting or pipe with many outlets or connections relatively close together.
2.1.17 (deleted)
2.1.18 (deleted)
2.1.19 Coefficient of expansion
The increase in unit pipeline length for one degree rise in temperature.
2.1.20 Plumbing fixture
Installed receptacles, device or appliance which are supplied with water or which receive
liquid or liquid-borne wastes and discharge such wastes into the drainage system to which they
may be directly or indirectly connected.
2.1.21 Fixture unit
A quantity in terms of which the load producing effects on the plumbing system of different
kinds of plumbing fixture are expressed on some arbitraity chosen scale.
2.1.22 Ominal flow
The quantity of water lows out in a unite time of a plumbing fixture.
2.1.23 Design flow
The average quantity of flow of water supply or water drainage in a certain period, it is the
basic design flow of basic of building water supply and drainage pipeline system.
2.1.24 Head loss
The loss of pressure (or water head) in water supply and drainage pipe system.
2.1.25 Pneumatic water supply
Water supply pattern, a composite set of pump and pressure vessel and accessories, water
pumps into pressure vessel, the compress air of vessel automatically regulate the amount of water

3
supply and keep the pressure of water supply.
2.1.26 Point of distribution
Points of water consumption of water supply system.
2.1.27 Circulating period
Ratio between circulation capatown per unit of time period and the effective water volume in
circulating system structure and the transmission pipeline.
2.1.28 Back wash
When filter clogging occurs, flash back with comparative high-pressure water flow.
2.1.29 Unassured hour for average year
Yearly average value of accumulated average year unassured total number of hours.
2.1.30 Stabilization treatment of water quality
Water treatment process, keep the concentration of calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide in
an equilibrium state in the circulating cooling water (neither calcium carbonate deposit nor
solution corrosion), and restrain bacteria production.
2.1.31 Cycle of concentration
Ratio of salt concentration between circulating cooling water and the added water.
2.1.32 Self-priming
A water drawing mode that the water is filled into the pump body by gravity when starting up
the pump
2.1.33 Waterscape, fountain
Artificial build up waterscape, foundation.
3.1.34 Domestic sewage
The water-borne wastes derived from ordinary living processes.
3.1.35 Domestic wastewater
Building drain from domestic wash water.
3.1.36 Domestic drainage
The general name of domestic sewage and wastewater derived from ordinary living processes
3.1.37 Building drain, outlet pipe
That part of the lowest piping of a discharge system which receives the discharge from soil,
waste and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the outdoor
manhole.
3.1.38 Vertical pipe, riser, stack
Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of 45°or more with the horizontal.
3.1.39 Horizontal pipe
Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of less than 45°with the horizontal.
2.1.40 Cleanout
Fitting for inside pipe cleaning installed on horizontal drain pipe.
2.1.41 Check hole, check pipe
With open cover, set on pipeline system for inspection and cleaning.
2.1.42 Trap
A fitting or device which provides a liquid seal to prevent the emission of sewer gasses
without materially affection the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
2.1.43 Waterseal
The maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain, measured between the crown

4
weir and the top of the dip of the trap.
2.1.44 H pipe
H type fitting for connection vertical drain pipe and vent pipe.
2.1.45 Vent pipe
Part of the vent system for drainage system air circulation, stable pressure, prevent the failure
of waterseal.
2.1.46 Vent stack
Vertical vent pipe installed to provide circulation of air to and from the drainage system and
which extends through one or more stories.
2.1.47 Specific vent stack
Vertical vent stack only connect with vertical drain pipe, for the air circulation of vertical
drain pipe.
2.1.48 Vent headers
Vent pipe section connect with several vent stacks or vertical drain top vent section and
stretch outdoor into open air.
2.1.49 Main vent
The principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected.
2.1.50 Continuous vent stack
Vent stack only connect with loop vent, for air circulation of drain horizontal branch.
2.1.51 Loop vent
A circuit vent pipe section which loops back to connect with a stack vent instead of a
vent stack.
2.1.52 Fixture vent
Pipe section from the outlet of the trap of plumbing fixture to the vent stack.
2.1.53 Yoke vent
Pipe section connecting the drain vertical pipe to the vent stack.
2.1.53A Self-circulation venting
Venting mode that vent stack is connected with drainage stand pipe at top and between layers,
and with discharge pipe on bottom, causing positive / negative pressure in pipe and forming
balance through roundabout air supply in connected vent pipe.
2.1.54 Air gap drainage system
The outlet of waste pipe of fixture and the flood rim of the receptor which is discharging.
2.1.54A Vacuum drain
Drainage pattern that the medium is transported by air through a vacuum degree generated in
drainage pipeline by a vacuum apparatus.
2.1.54B Same-floor drain
Drainage pattern that drainage horizontal branch pipe is arranged in drainage layer or
outdoors, and the drainage pipe for appliance is not passed through storey.
2.1.55 Covered depth
Vertical distance between buried pipe top to the ground surface.
2.1.55A Buried depth
Vertical distance between buried drain bottom to the ground surface.
2.1.56 Angle of turning flow
Angle between original flow direction and turning flow direction.

5
2.1.57 Depth ratio
Degree of fullness of water flow in the conduit, ratio between water depth in pipe and pipe
diameter.
2.1.58 Grease tank
Small treatment structure for intercept, collect grease from domestic wastewater.
2.1.58A Grease interceptor
Device for intercept, collect grease from domestic wastewater.
2.1.59 Cooling tank
Treatment structure to decrease temperature of drain water.
2.1.60 Septic tank
A receptacle which receives the discharge of a drainage system for ratain solid, digest organic
matter through a period of detention and allow the liquid to discharge into the outside soil pipe.
2.1.61 Reclaimed water
Effluent from a wastewater treatment plant that has undergone external treatment to remove
harmful pathogens, organic material and heavy metals.
2.1.62 Hospital sewage
Polluted drainage water from hospital.
2.1.63 Primary treatment
Mechanical treatment, wastewater primary treated by mechanical measures.
2.1.64 Secondary treatment
Composite of mechanical treatment and biochemical or chemical treatment for wastewater
treatment process.
2.1.65 Time of air change
Ratio between volume of room space and volume of draw in or blow-off the ventilation
system within a unit of time.
2.1.66 Rainfall intensity
Rainfall in a unit of time, usually expressed as mm/min (or L/s · h).
2.1.67 Recurrence interval
Through static analysis of long time observed rainfall record, equal or greater than some
storm intensity rainfall occur once average interval time, the expressed unit is usually in year.
2.1.68 Duration of rainfall
Any continuous time section of rainfall duration, the expressed unit is usually in min.
2.1.69 Inlet time
Time of rain water from correspond catchment area farthest spot surface flow into drain pipe
inlet, the expressed unit is usually in min., abbreviated inlet time.
2.1.70 Time of flow
Time of rainwater flow in the pipe, the expressed unit is usually in min, abbreviated time of
flow.
2.1.71 Catchment area
Drain conduit for rainfall catchment area, expressed unit usually in m2 of km2.
2.1.72 Gravity building drainage system
Hydraulic design of storm drainage pipeline is based on gravity flow system.
2.1.73 Full pressure storm system
Roofing rainwater drainage system with effective controlling and balancing, realized by

6
deigning flow-rate, pressure, etc. of rain drainage in pipeline according to the full pipe pressure
flow principle.
2.1.74 Gully trap, gutter inlet
Ground surface rain water inlet well with gully gratings and frames.
2.1.75 Downspout, leader
Down pipe installed on inside or outside building wall applied to drain roof rainwater.
2.1.76 Hung pipe
Horizontal pipe hang on building floor, beam or roof truss.
2.1.77 Roof drain
A receptor facility receives roof surface rain water flow into down pipe.
2.1.78 Runoff coefficient
Ratio between volume of certain runoff catchment rain water and volume of rainfall water.
2.1.79 Central hot water supply system
Hot water supply system for one set (excluding single villa) or many set building.
2.1.79A All day hot water supply system
System that supplies hot water without break in full-day, operating shift or business
hours.
2.1.79A Fixed time hot water supply system
System that supplies hot water in a certain time interval of full-day, operating shift or
business hours.
2.1.80 Local hot water supply system
A small hot water supply system used only to supply single or several point of
distribution.
2.1.81 Open hot water system
Hot water pipe system is open to the air in the hot water supply system.
2.1.82 Closed hot water supply system
Hot water pipe system is closed to the air in the hot water supply system.
2.1.83 Single line hot water system, tempered water system
Hot water system with one pipe supply, one temperature, no water temperature
regulation of the rater use spot.
2.1.83A Heat pump hot water system
System that prepares and supplies hot water through absorbing low temperature
environment heat energy by heat pump unit in operation.
2.1.83B Water-source heat pump
Heat pump adopting water or water solution with antifreezing agent as source of low
temperature heat.
2.1.83C Air-source heat pump
Heat pump adopting ambient air as source of low temperature heat.
2.1.84 Heat source
Energy for heating hot water.
2.1.85 Heating medium
Heat transmission carrier for heat-supply system. Usually is hot water, steam, smoke.
2.1.86 Waste heat
Discharge from industrial production with heated waste such as waste steam, high

7
temperature wastewater, high temperature smoke.
2.1.86A Solar fraction
The ratio of the heat provided by solar energy to the total system load in the system.
2.1.86B Solar irradiation
Surface density of solar radiation energy received.
2.1.86C Fuel oil (gas) hot water heaters
Assembly of composed of burner, water heater (boiler water jacket exposed to the
atmosphere, in a constant pressure), and fuel oil (gas) supply system.
2.1.87 Design heat consumption of maximum hour
Maximum heat consumption per hour in the hot water supply system installation.
2.1.87A Sesign heat supply of maximum hour
Hourly heat output of a heating equipment within a maximum time interval in hot water
supply system.
2.1.88 Reversed return hot water system
Hot water supply system in which the length of supply and return pipeline corresponding to
each water distribution point is nearly equal.
2.1.89 Heat medium circulation system
The heat medium circulating system between steam boiler and water heater or hot water
boiler and hot water storage tank in the central hot water supply system.
2.1.89A Hot water circulation system
Hot water circulation system composed of water heater or hot water storage and hot
water distribution point in central hot water supply system.
2.1.90 Downfeed system
Water supply horizontal pipe is installed at the upper part of distribution pipe system, water
flows downward through vertical pipe.
2.1.91 Upfeed system
Water supply horizontal pipe is installed at the lower part of distribution pipe system, water
flows upward through vertical pipe.
2.1.92 Water return pipe
Part of a hot water circulation system in which the restoration to the point of heating source is
accomplished.
2.1.93 Pipe portable water system
Raw water confirms to drink standard quality through thorough purification can drink
directly.
2.1.94 Water quality treatment of scaleinhibitor & corrosion-delay
Water conditioning to delay and reduce corrosion to heating equipment or pipe by
adopting physical or chemical methods, like electric, magnetic or chemical stabilizer, to
stabilize calcium and magnesium ions in water.

2.2 Symbols

2.2.1 Flow rate, flow velotown

qL——Water supply and water consumption rating;

8
 qg—— Water supply flow;
qo——Flow rate of water supply or drain of plumbing fixture;
qp——Drain flow;
qw——Calculated sewage quantity per capita per day;
qn——Calculated sludge quantity per capita per day;
qr——Rated hot water supply;
qrjd——Average daily hot water supply of collector per daylighting area;
qgz——Working medium flow-rate corresponding to the collector per daylighting area;
qrh——Designed hourly hot water supply;
qh——Hourly rated hot water supply of plumbing fixture;
qx——Circulation flow;
qmax——Maximum flow;
qbc——Replenishing water;
qy——Designed rain water flow;
qj——Designed rain fall intensity;
qf——Loss of water due to windage in cooling tower;
qs——Loss of water due leakage in cooling tower;
qz——Loss of water due evaporation in cooling tower;
qb——Pump out flow;
v——Average water flow velotown in the pipe.
2.2.2 Water pressure, loss of water head
hp——Loss of head of circulation flow pass through distribution pipe network;
hjx——Way and local resistance loss of circulating line in heat collection system;
hj——Resistance loss of circulation volume flowing across the collector;
he——Resistance loss of circulation volume flowing across the cheat collection heater;
hz——Geometric height difference between collector and cumulative heat water tank;
hf——Additional pressure;
hx——Loss of head of circulation flow pass through return pipe/network;
Hxr——Natural pressure of the first circulation pipe;
Hb——Pump head.
Hx——Delivery lift of reciprocating pump;
I——Hydraulic gradient;
i——Loss of head of unit length pipeline;
p——Pressure;
R——Hydraulic radius;

2.2.3 Geometrical characteristics

Ax——Effective cross sectional area of water flow;
Aj——Gross collector area;
Ajz——Total surface of direct heating collector;
Ajj——Total surface of indirect heating collector;
Fjr——Heating area;
Fw——Catchment area;
h, H——Height;

9
 V——Volume;
Vq——Total volume of air pressure water tank;
Vq1——Rater volume of air pressure water tank;
Vq2——Regulated volume of air pressure water tank;
Vw——Volume of wastewater in septic tank;
Vn——Volume of sludge in septic tank;
Vr——Total cumulative heat volume;
Vzx——Effective volume of cumulative heat water tank;
Vr——Volume of heat storage;
Vp——Effective volume of expansion water tank;
Ve——Volume of expansion water tank;
Vs—— Water volume of hot water pipeline system;
dj——Calculated pipe interior diameter.
2.2.4 Calculation coefficient
b——Percentage of plumbing fixture for water supply and drainage simultaneously and
percentage of plumbing fixture work simultaneously;
bf——Percentage of number of septic tank users;
bx——Moisture content in fresh sludge;
bn——Moisture content of sludge after concentration;
Ch——Hayen Williams roughness coefficient.
Cr——Heat loss coefficient of hot water supply system;
f——Ensurance probability of solar energy;
FnU1.——Collector thermal loss coefficient;
K——Coefficient of heat conduction;
Kh——Hourly variable coefficient;
M——Discounted coefficient;
Ms——Volume reduction coefficient of sludge after fermentation;
Nn——Concentration multiple;
n——Coefficient of pipe roughness;
U——Probability of simultaneous out flow of water supply of plumbing fixture;
Uo——Probability of average out flow of water supply of plumbing fixture during maximum
water usage;
a,k——Coefficient determination based on the use of building;
αa, k1, k2——Factor of safety;
αb——Working pressure ratio of air pressure water tank;
αc——Coefficient correspond to Uo;
β——Volume coefficient of air pressure water tank;
ε——Coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness due to scale deposit and uneven
distribution of heat media;
ηi——Annual average collection efficiency of the collector;
ηl——Heat loss rate of water storage tank and pipeline;
η——Effective heat storage volume coefficient;
ψ——Run off coefficient;

10
2.2.5 Heat, temperature, specific gravity and time
C——Specific heat of water.
Jt——Annual average solar radiation collector daylighting area;
Qg——Designed hour heat supply;
Qh——Designed hour heat consumption;
Qz——Heat demand for heating hot water
Qs——Hot loss of distribution pipeline;
t——Rain fall duration;
t1——Time of ground surface water catchment;
t2——Time of storm water flow in pipe;
tn——Cycle of sludge removing;
tw——Retention time of wastewater in septic tank;
tr——Temperature of hot rater;
tl——Temperature of cold water;
tc——Initial temperature of heated water;
tz——Final temperature of heated water;
Δtj——Calculated temperature difference;
tmc——Initial temperature of heat media;
tmz——Final temperature of heat media;
Δt——Temperature of difference;
T——Time of duration;
To——Heat storage duration;
Tl——Design working time of heat pump unit;
ρf——Density of water in heating or storage unit before heating;
ρh——Density of return hot water;
ρl——Density of cold water;
ρr——Density of hot water;
2.2.6 Other
m——Calculating unit of water consumption;
Ng——Total sanitary fixture water supply equivalent of pipe section;
Np——Total sanitary fixture water drainage equivalent of pipe section;
no——Number of the same style sanitary fixture;
nq——Number of pump start.

11
 3 Water Supply

3.1 Rated water consumption and water pressure

3.1.1 Water supply designed for water consumption of dwelling district should be determined
according to following water consumption:
1 Residential domestic water consumption;
2 Public building water consumption;
3 Green belt water consumption;
4 Waterscape, amusement facilities water consumption;
5 Road, square water consumption;
6 Public facilities water consumption;
7 Unpredictable water consumption and pipe leakage water consumption;
8 Fire control water consumption.
Note: Fire control water consumption is calculated only for the check of pipes net, not
belongs to normal water consumption.
3.1.2 Dwelling district’s domestic water consumption should be determined by calculation
according to its population and Table 3.1.9 “Residential maximum daily domestic rated water
consumption” in this Code.
3.1.3 Dwelling districts public building water consumption should be determined by calculation
according to its type, scope, adopt Table 3.1.10 “Listed rated water consumption” in this Code.
3.1.4 Green sprinkling rated water consumption shall be determined according to the
comprehensive factors like climatic condition , floristics, soil physical and chemical
properties, sprinkling mode, and management regime. If there is no data relevant, dwelling
districts green sprinkling rated water consumption may be calculated according to sprinkling area
1.0L/m2~3.0L/m2. Drought region may be accordingly increased according to the actual condition;
public swimming pool, aquatic and waterscape consumption may be determined according to
regulation of clause 3.9.17, 3.9.18, and 3.11.2 in this Code.
3.1.5 Dwelling district road, square sprinkling rated water consumption may be calculated
according to sprinkling area 2.0L/m2~3.0L/m2.
3.1.6 Dwelling district’s fire demand water and water pressure and duration of fire should be
determined according to current national standards “Code for design of building fireproof” GB
50016 and “Code for design of high-rise civil building fireproof” GB 50045.
3.1.7 The sum of unpredictable water consumption and pipe net leakage water consumption for
dwelling district may be counted according to 10%~15% of maximum daily water consumption.
3.1.8 The public service water consumption calculation parameters for dwelling district should
be suggested by the management institute, when there is no important public service, water
consumption is counted out.
3.1.9 For dwelling’s maximum daily domestic rated water consumption and hourly variation
factor, based upon class of residence, building standard level of sanitary installation and district
condition etc. factors, may be determined by setting criteria according to Table 3.1.9.
3.1.10 Dormitory, hotel etc. public buildings rated water consumption and hourly variation
factor, based upon level of sanitary installation and district condition, may be determined

12
according to table 3.1.10.
3.1.11 Building inside, outside, the water for fire demands, duration of water supply, pressure etc.
should comply with current relevant code of fire-fighting issued by the country.
Table 3.1.9 Residence maximum daily domestic rated water consumption and hourly variation factor

Rated water
Standard of plumbing Hourly variation factor
Class of residence consumption
installation Kh
(L/person. d)

Equipped with closet bowl, wash

Ⅰ 85~150 3.0~2.5
tub
Equipped with closet bowl, wash
basin, wash tub, washer, hot
Ⅱ 130~300 2.8~2.3
water
Ordinary prepares and shower facility
residence Equipped with closet bowl, wash
basin, wash tub, washer, central
hot
ⅢA 180~320 2.5~2.0
water supply (or domestic hot
water
service unit) and shower facility
Equipped with closet bowl, wash
basin, wash tub, washer,
sprinkler
Villa 200~350 2.3~1.8
valve, domestic hot water
service
unit and shower facility
Note: 1 When domestic rated water consumption is determined by local authority, it should comply with local
regulation.
2 Green belt and car washing water consumption are included in the villa rated water consumption.
3.1.12 Rated living water consumption for industrial enterprise building workers may be
30~50L/ person · shift; workers of work ship rated living water consumption should be
determined according to the nature of workshop, usually may be 30~50L/person·shift; duration
should be 8 hours, hourly variation factor should be 1.5~2.5.
Rated shower water consumption for industrial enterprise building should comply with
current national standard “Design standard of hygienic for industrial enterprise” (GBZ1),
classification is determined by hygienic characteristic of the workshop, usually may be
40~60L/person. Time duration is 1 hour.
3.1.13 Rated washing water of vehicle should be determined according to washing mode, those
of usage, grade of road pavement, degree of condemnation and type of washing, may be
determined according to table 3.1.13.
3.1.14 Rated water supply flow, equivalent; diameter of branching pipe and lowest working
pressure of sanitary fixture should be determined according to the Table 3.1.14.
Table 3.1.10 Dormitory, hotel and public buildings rated water consumption and hourly variation factor

13
 Maximum Use Hourly
day duration variation
rated (h) factor
Order Type of building Unit domestic KH
water
consumption
(L)
Dormitory Per person per day 150~200 24 3.0~2.5
1
Category I, II, III and IV Per person per day 100~150 24 3.5~3.0

Single man dormitory,

student dormitory, quest
house, training center,
ordinary hotel:
With public wash room Per person per day 50~100
2 With public wash room, Per person per day 80~130
shower room Per person per day 100~150 24 3.0~2.5
With public wash room, Per person per day 120~200
shower room, laundry
With single water closet,
public laundry
Hotel type apartment Per person per day 200~300 24 2.5~2.0
3

Hotel guest room:

Guest Each bed per day 250~400
4
Staff Per person per day 80~100 24 2.5~2.0

Hospital patient room:

With public wash room Each bed per day 100~200 24 2.5~2.0
With public wash room, Each bed per day 150~250 24 2.5~2.0
shower room Each bed per day 250~400 24 2.5~2.0
5 With single water closet Each person each shift 150~250 8 2.0~1.5
Doctor nurses Each patient each time 10~15 8~12 1.5~1.2
Outpatient department, Each bed per day 200~300 24 2.0~1.5
clinic
Sanatorium
House of old-age person:
Full case Each person each day 100~150 24 2.5-2.0
6
Day case Each person each day 50~80 10 2.0

Kindergarten, crèche:
With boarders Each infant Each day 50~100 24 3.0-2.5
7
Without boarders Each infant Each day 30~50 10 2.0

14
 Public bath house:
Shower Each time per customer 100 12
8 Bath tub, shower Each time per customer 120~150 12 2.0-1.5
Sauna (shower, massage Each time per customer 150~200 12
pool)

9 Barbers, beauty parlor Each time per customer 40~100 12 2.0-1.5

10 Laundry kg of dry cloth 40~80 8 1.5-1.2

Restaurant:
Chinese restaurant Each time per customer 40~60 10-12 1.5-1.2
Snack center, worker and Each time per customer 20~25 12~16 1.5~1.2
11
student dinning hall Each time per customer 5~15 8~18 1.5~1.2
Bar, coffee bar, tea house,
KARAOK room
Market:
12 Staff and customer Per m2hall area each day 5~8 12 1.5~1.2

13 Library Per person per time 5~10 8~10 1.5~1.2

Bookshop Per m2 of business hall area 3~6 8~12 1.5~1.2

14
each day
15 Office building Per person per shift 30~50 8~10 1.5~1.2

Education, laboratory
building:
16 Primary school middle Each day per student 20~40 8~9 1.5~1.2
school
College Each day per student 40~50 8~9 1.5~1.2
Per spectator per
17 Cinema, theater 3~5 3 1.5~1.2
performance
Convention Center Per m2 of exhibition area
18 3~6 8~16 1.5~1.2
(museum, exhibition) each day

19 Health training center Each time per person 30~50 8~12 1.5~1.2

Stadium:
Each time per person 30~40 3.0~2.0
20 Sportsman shower 4
Per performance per 3 1.2
Spectator
person

21 Meeting hall Each seat per time 6~8 4 1.5~1.2

Client of terminal building,
22 passenger station, exhibition Each time per person 3~6 8~16 1.5~1.2
center
Food market floor washing
23 water and water Each m2 each day 10~20 8~10 2.5~2.0
for fresh
24 Washing water for garage Each m2 each time 2~3 6~8 1.0

15
 floor

Note: 1 Dinning hall water consumption of house of respect for aged, kindergarten, crèche, are included in the
rated water consumption, others are not included.
2 Except noticed, living water of workers is not included. Rated living water of worker is 40~60L per
shift per person.
3 Water consumption of hospital building including those for medical treatment.
4 Water consumption for air-condition are excluded and should be otherwise added.
Table 3.1.13 Rated flush water of vehicle (L/car. time)
Rub down, Steam
Circulation water flushing flushing
Type of High pressure nozzle
Soft tube flushing flushing, makeup with
flushing flushing
water low-amount
water
3~5
Sedan 200~300 40~60 20~30 10~15

-
Bus, Truck 400~500 80~120 40~60 15~20

Table 3.1.14 Rated water supply flow, equivalent, diameter of branching pipe and lowest working pressure
of sanitary fixture
Nominal
diameter
Rated flow Lowest working
Order Water supply fittings Equivalent of branch
(L/S) pressure (MPa)
pipe
(mm)

Wash tub, sewage tub, toiled

channel: 0.15~0.20 0.75~1.00 15
1 One value tap 0.30~0.40 1.50~2.00 20 0.050
One value tap 0.15~0.20(0.14) 0.75~1.00(0.70) 15
Mix tap

Wash basin:
0.15 0.75 15
2 One value tap 0.050
0.15(010) 0.75 (0.50) 15
Mix tap

Wash hand basin:

0.10 0.50 15
3 Self open and close tap Mix 0.050
0.15(010) 0.75 (0.50) 15
value tap

Table 3.1.14 (continued)

Nominal
Rated flow diameter of Lowest working
Order Water supply fittings Equivalent
(L/S) branching pipe pressure (MPa)
(mm)

16
 Bath tub:
1.00
One value tap 0.10 15 0.050
4 1.20
Mix tap (including shower 0.24(020) 15 0.050~0.070
(1.00)
tap)

Shower fitting: 0.75

5 0.15(010) 15 0.050~0.100
Mix value valve (0.50)

Toilet bowl:
Flush tank floating value 0.10 0.50 15 0.020
6
Delay self closing flush 1.20 6.00 15 0.100~0.150
valve
Urinal
Manual or auto closing flush 0.10 0.50 15 0.050
7
valve 0.10 0.50 15 0.020
Self flush tank inlet valve

Urine channel perforated

8 flush pipe 0.50 0.25 15~20 0.015
(per meter long)

9 Bidet flush tap 0.10(0.07) 0.50(0.35) 15 0.050

10 Hospital sewage fixture 0.20 1.0 15 0.050

Laboratory chemical
examination tap
0.07 0.35 15 0.020
(goose neck type) single
11 0.15 0.75 15 0.020
connection
0.20 1.00 15 0.020
Double connection
Triple connection

12 Drinker jet 0.05 0.25 15 0.050

0.4 2.00 20 0.050~0.100

13 Sprinkle tap
0.7 3.50 15 0.050~0.100

14 Indoor floor flush tap 0.20 1.0 15 0.050

17
 House hold washing
15 0.20 1.0 15 0.050
machine water supply tap

Note: 1 Figures in the bracket are used for the consumption of cold or hot water individually as those is with
hot water supply.
2 Bathtub with shower fitting or mix tap with shower transfer valve, the rated flow and equivalent only count
the tap, not including the shower. But the water pressure should meet the shower.
3 Household gas water heaters, the water pressure should meet the demand of product and the working
pressure should be the worst distribution point of hot water supply.
4 The design of green belt automatic jet grouting should meet the demand of product.
5 Where there are specific requirements on rated discharge and minimum working pressure of water supply
fittings for plumbing fixture, the required values hereof shall be determined according to the product requirements.
3.1.14A Plumbing fixture and fittings shall meet the relevant requirements of current
professional standard "Domestic Water Saving Devices" CJ 164.
3.1.14B Washbasin in toilet at public places should be arranged with flow restriction and
water-saving apparatus like induction type or self-closed type water nozzle.
3.1.14C Urinal in toilet at public places should be arranged with induction type or
time-delay self-closed type flushing valve.

3.2 Water quality and water quality pollution protection

3.2.1 The water quality of domestic water supply system should meet the requirement of
current national standard “Standards for drinking water quality” GB5749.
3.2.2 When adopting reclaimed water as non-drinking water, the water quality of non-drinking
water supply system should meet the demand of current national standard “The reuse of urban
recycling water -- Water quality standard for urban miscellaneous water consumption” GB/T
18920.
3.2.3 It is strictly forbidden that the town water supply pipeline connects with supply
pipeline of private water source.
3.2.3A Non-drinking water pipes like reclaimed water, recycled rain drainage, etc. must
not be connected with drinking water pipe.
3.2.4 Domestic drinking water should not be polluted by pipes occurrence of siphon or
back-pressure return flow.
3.2.4A The outlet of distribution-fitting for fixture and domestic drinking water of water
using device and structures should comply with following requirements:
1 Outlet should not be submerged in any liquids or impurities.
2 Minimum air gap between the outlet and the overflow level of water service fixture
should not be less than 2.5 times of diameter of the outlet.
3.2.4B The air gap from the minimum point of water inlet of drinking water tank to the overflow
edge shall be equal to the diameter of the water inlet pipe, but it shall not be less than 25 mm in
minimum; it may not be larger than 150 mm in maximum. where the water inlet pipe access to the
inlet water tank from the maximum water level and the pipe mouth is submerged discharge type,
measures to prevent siphon and backflow, like vacuum breaker, shall be taken.
Note: as for low level drinking water storage tank without siphon or backflow, the water inlet pipe hereof is not

18
subject to the this article, bu the water inlet pipe should still access the tank from the highest water level.
3. 2. 4C When replenishing water from drinking water pipe network to other storage tanks
like firefighting, reclaimed water and rain drainage recycling, the air gap from the water
inlet pipe mouth minimum point higher than the overflow edge shall not be less than 150
mm.
3.2.5 As water supply pipeline are directly connect with following service pipe, back flow
preventor should be disposed on the following positions of the service pipe:
1 Inlet pipes of two or more lines that are led from different pipe segments of town water
supply pipe network, and form loop pipe network with the town water supply pipelines in
dwelling area or building;
2 Suction pipe of the pump that direct pumps water from town domestic water supply pipe
network;
3 Water inlet pipe that injects water to pressure or sealed vessel like commercial boiler, hot
water unit, water heater, pneumatic water tank, etc., when using water of town water supply
pipe network and arranging no backflow prevention facilities on inlet pipe in dwelling area;
3.2.5A Backflow preventer shall be arranged where the following water consumption pipe
or device is connected with drinking water piping system in dwelling area or building:
1 Starting end of fire water pipe, when leading fire water pipe independently;
2 Outlet pipe of the fire pump pumping drinking water storage pool.
3.2.5B Backflow prevention device shall be arranged where the drinking water piping
system is connected with the following harmful toxic places or devices with substances
hazardous to health;
1 Connecting pipe of storage pool (tank), apparatus or device;
2 Chemical agent tank field, chemical workshop, laboratory building (pharmaceutical ,
pathology, biochemical), besides meeting the requirements of Item 1 of this article, shall also
arranged with air gap on inlet pipe;
3.2.5C Vacuum breaker shall be arranged on the following water consumption pipes that
are directly led from drinking water pipes of dwelling area or building:
1 The feeding (replenishing) pipe, as the air gap between feeding water or replenishing water
pipe outlet of swimming pool, amusement water pool, massage pool, scenery pool, circulation
cooling water collecting pool and level of overflow less than 2.5 times diameter of outlet.
2 the beginning end of pipe as nozzle are underground or automatic lifter type for green
belt automatic spray irrigation system free of chemical;
3 Firefighting (hose) reel;
4 Connecting part of water nozzle with outlet hose and water supply pipe.
3.2.5D Selection of air gap, diversion preventer and vacuum breaker shall be determined on the
base of backflow property and backflow pollution hazard degree according to Appendix A of this
Code.
Note: arrangement points for backflow protection facilities in water supply pipeline shal not be
arranged in repeated way.
3.2.6 It is forbidden that the domestic drinking water pipe is connected directly to the toilet
bowl (channel) or Urinal tank with non-dedicated flushing valve.
3.2.7 The domestic drinking water pipe should avoid passing through the poisonous substance
pollution region, if the condition do not permit to do so, the protection measure should be taken.

19
3.2.8 Domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) for single building should be kept separate from
non-drinking water reservoir (tank).
3.2.9 Within 10m around buried domestic drinking water storage tank, there must be no
septic tank, sewage treatment structure, seepage well, refuse dump, other contaminating
source; Within 2m around, there must be no sewage pipe and contaminated substance. If the
condition do not permit to do so, the protection measure should be taken.
3.2.10 Domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) inside the building should be an
independent structure, building structure elements can not be used for the wall, base slab,
top cover of the reservoir (tank).
As domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) is parallel with non-drinking water
reservoir, each tank should have its individual separated wall not in common with each other,
between these separated walls, drainage should be installed.
3.2.11 Inside building domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) may be placed in its individual
room, above this room, there should not be a closet, bath room, toilet, kitchen and sewage disposal
room.
3.2.12 Structure and fitting for pipe of domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) should comply
with following regulations:
1 Manhole, vent pipe, overflow pipe should set measures to prevent insects crawling in to.
2 Inlet pipe into the reservoir (tank) should be above the overflow level, as the overflow
level cannot be determined, the lowest point of inlet pipe will be higher than the elevation of
overflow edge and not less than the diameter of inlet pipe, also not less than 25mm and grater than
150mm.
As inlet pipe end is a submerged flow, a hole should be drilled at top of the pipe, the hole
diameter may be not less than 1/5 of pipe diameter. Suction air valve with the same holes diameter
of pipe or other vacuum breaker of pipe may be installed on the hole.
Note: For low level water reservoir there is no siphon back flow, the inlet pipe is not
regulated by this section, but the inlet water pipe still may be into reservoirabove the highest water
level.
3 Shout circuiting flow must not occur in inlet and outlet pipe, if necessary, flow guide
apparatus should be installed.
4 Testing pressure water, pressure release discharge water of fire-fighting pipe and other back
flow water or overflow water could not flow in.
5 Outlet of emptying pipe and overflow pipe shall meet the requirements of 4.3.13 of this
Code.
6 Reservoir (tank) material, lining material and interior plaster must not affect water quality.
3.2.13 When the storage water in the domestic drinking water reservoir (tank) cannot
regeneration within 48 hrs, water sterilization apparatus should be installed.
3.2.14 When nozzle or outlet short tube is connected from non-drinking water supply
pipeline, preventive measures should be provided for drinking and using.

3.3 System selection

20
3.3.1 Outdoor water supply system of dwelling district, the water quantity should meet the
demand of dwelling district’s total water use. And the pressure hereof shall meet the pressure
demand of the worst water distribution point.
Outdoors water supply system of dwelling district, should thoroughly utilize the town
municipal water supply pipe net’s water pressure and supply water directly. As the municipal
water supply pipe net’s pressure, quantity are insufficient, storage regulating tank and pressure rise
facilities should be installed.
3.3.1A Water supply system design of dwelling area shall make comprehensive utilization of
various water resources, should carry out dual water supply, and take full advantage of
non-traditional water resources like recycling water and rain drainage; adopt cycled re-used water
supply system in priority.
3.3.2 The pressure rise water supply system of dwelling district, the number of pressure rise
station, scope and water pressure should be determined based upon the scope of district, height of
building and distribution of building etc. factors.
3.3.2A Pressure superposed water supply directly taking water from town water supply pipe
network, if adopted, shall meet the following requirements:
1 The design scheme of pressure superposed water supply shall be approved by local water
supply administrative department and the water supply department;
2 The delivery lift of speed-regulating pump assembly for pressure superposed water supply
shall be determined according to the allowable minimum hydraulic pressure of town water supply
pipe network at suction end; the pump water output shall meet the requirements of Article 3.8.2 of
this Code; pressure superposed water supply system shall not have water supply break under
normal user water consumption;
Note: where the water pressure at the water consumption trough of the town water supply pipe network can
satisfy the pressure demand of the most unfavorable water supply point, bypass pipe may be arranged to directly
supply water by the town water supply pipe network.
3 Pneumatic water supply installation, if arranged for pressure superposed water supply, shall
meet the requirements of Article 3.8.5 of this Code; if arranging lower water tank, the effective
volume hereof shall be determined according to the water consumption during the time interval
when pumping is not allowable at lower pressure, and technical measures shall be taken to
guarantee that the retention time of the water in the tank shall not exceed 12h;
4 Technical performance of pressure superposed water supply devices shall meet the
requirements current national and professional standards.
3.3.3 Water supply system inside building should be determined according to the following
requirements:
1 Water pressure of outdoor supply pipe network shall be used to directly supply water.
where water pressure (or) amount shortage of outdoor supply pipe network, store water
supply scheme with water conditioning and pressurizing shall be selected on the principle
"hygiene, safety, economy and energy saving";
2 Vertical zoning of water supply system shall be determined according to
comprehensive factors like building use , number of storeys, service requirements, material &
equipment performance, maintenance management, water conservation, water supply, and
energy consumption;
3 Different usage or payment water supply pipe system inside the building water supplies

21
system unit should be separate to individual pipe net behind the inlet pipe.
3.3.4 Maximum bearing working pressure of sanitary fixture fittings must not exceed 0.6MPa.
3.3.5 The vertical division zone of high rise building domestic water supply system should
comply with following demands:
1 Static water pressure at the distribution point of sanitary fixture in the lowest zone cannot
exceed 0.45MPa, in special case cannot exceed 0.55MPa.
2 Inlet pipe (or horizontal distribution pipe) water pressure exceeds 0.35MPa, pressure
reducing or regulating facilities may be installed.
3 Water pressure of the worst water distribution point in each division should meet the
demand of water use pressure.
3.3.5A Inlet pipe feed pressure of residential building shall not be larger than 0.35 MPa.
3.3.6 Domestic water supply system of high rise building height not exceeds 100m; water supply
may adopt vertical division zone parallel water supply style or zone pressure reduce style.
Buildings height exceeds 100m may adopt vertically division zone in series water supply style.

3.4 Pipe material, fittings and water meter

3.4.1 Pipe material and fittings selected by water supply system should comply with the demand
of relevant current product standards of the country. Working pressure of pipes and fitting should
not exceed the nominal pressure or nominally allowable working pressure in the product standard.
3.4.2 Pipe material selected by buried water supply pipe outdoors in residential area should be
with anti-corrosion and bearing strength to stand corresponding ground surface loading, may
select plastic water supply pipe, lined cast iron water supply pipe and perfect anti-corrosive treated
steel pipe. Anticorrosion material for pipe inner wall shall meet the requirements of current
relevant hygienic standards of the country.
3.4.3 Indoor water supply pipe should select anti-corrosion and convenient to install and connect
pipe material, may select plastic water supply pipe, plastic and metallic composite pipe, copper
pipe, stainless steel pipe and perfect anti-corrosive treated steel pipe.
Note: Domestic water vertical pipe for tall building should not be plastic pipe.
3.4.4 The material of all kinds of valve of water supply pipe, should be anti-corrosion and
pressure resistant. Based upon the pipe diameter, pressure intensity and temperature requirement,
valves may select copper, stainless steel, iron shell copper core and plastic etc..
3.4.5 Valves should be installed an the following water supply pipe section:
1 Inlet pipe section of dwelling district water supply pipe from town water supply pipeline.
2 Connecting point of dwelling district outdoor circular water supply line net, installation
should base upon requirement of division. As the circular pipe net section is too long, division
valve may be installed.
3 Starting point of branch pipe or inter-building pipe connected from the dwelling district
water supply main pipe.
4 Building unites pipe, before water meter and each branch of vertical pipe.
5 Starting point of distribution pipe connecting from indoor water supply line to the
residential, public toilets, etc.

22
 6 Reservoir, water tank, pumping house, heating machine, pressure reducing valve,
preventive apparatus of pipe back flow etc. valve should be installed, according to requirement.
3.4.6 The selection of valve used on water supply pipeline should be based upon following
requirement:
1 For regulate water flow, water pressure, throttle valve, globe valve may be selected.
2 Pipe section with low resistance water flow (suction pie of pump), gate valve, ball valve or
half ball valve may be selected.
3 Small installation space site, butterfly valve, ball valve may be selected.
4 Check valve may not be installed on two ways flows pipeline.
5 Larger diameter water pump, multiple functions valve may be selected on the outlet pipe.
3.4.7 Check valve should be installed on the following water supply pipe sections:
1 Inlet pipe is directly led from town water supply pipe network to dwelling area or building.
2 Inlet pipe of closed water heating machine or water use facilities.
3 Outlet pipe of pump.
4 Outlet pipe section of water tank, water tower, and elevated reservoir with use one pipe as
inlet and outlet pipe.
Note: Check valve need not be installed on pipe section with back flow preventive facilities.
3.4.8 Type selection of check valve, should base on check valves location, water pressure in
front of valve, tightness demand after closure and the magnitude of water hammer induced during
the closing etc. factors and should comply with following demands:
1 In front of valve with low water pressure, swing check valve, ball check valve and shuttled
check valve may be selected.
2 Section with high tightness demand after closure, spring check valve may be selected
3 Section with the diminished closed water hammer, soundless quick closed check valve or
slow closed check valve with damper may be selected.
4 Check valve blade or valve core should be automatically closed under gravity or spring
function.
5 Check valve shall be able to open automatically at the minimum pressure of the pipe
network or at the minimum water level of the water tank.
3.4.8A Arrangement location of backflow preventer shall meet the following requirements:
1 It shall not be located in corrosive or polluted environment;
2 Drainage outlet shall not be directly connected to drainage pipe, and indirect drainage shall
be adopted;
3 It shall be arranged at the place convenient for maintenance, but ones possibly frozen or
submerged by water.
3.4.8B Arrangement location of vacuum breaker shall meet the following requirements:
1 It shall not be located in corrosive or polluted environment;
2 It shall be directly arranged on the highest point of the branch, and the vertical height of the
location hereof higher than the highest water supply point or the highest overflow level, for
pressure type, shall not be less than 300mm; for atmosphere type, shall not be less than 150mm;
3 Air inlet of vacuum breaker shall face downwards.
3.4.9 As the pressure of water supply pipe net is greater than the allowable maximum working
pressure of distribution point, pressure reducing valve should be installed, the installation of
pressure reducing valve should comply with following demands:

23
 1 The ratio of pressure reducing for ratio pressure reducing valve cannot exceed 3:1; Where
adopted depressurizing ratio is larger than 3:1, it shall be kept clear from cavitation erosion area.
The pressure difference between in front of and behind the ratio pressure reducing valve should
not exceed 0.4MPa, at the silent site should not exceed 0.3MPa; Where the maximum pressure
difference exceeds the specified value, it shall be arranged in serial connection way.
2 The maximum pressure of distribution fixture behind the valve should be checked based
upon the failure condition of the pressure reducing valve, this pressure should not exceed the
product standard permitted testing pressure.
Note: 1 As the pressure reducing valves are working in series, calculated maximum pressure
behind the valve may base on one of them is in failure condition.
2 Testing pressure of distribution fixtures shall take 1.5 times of its working pressure.
3 Water pressure in front of pressure reducing valve may be kept in stable, the pipe in front of
this valve may not be concurrently used for distribution pipe.
4 As pressure is allowed to up and down behind the valve, ratio pressure reducing valve may
be selected; as the pressure behind the valve needs in stable, static pressure reducing valve may
be selected.
5 For high guaranteed water supply line (as big economic loss due to water cut off),
pressure-reducing valve may be installed in two parallel pipe, one for operation, one for spare.
3.4.10 Installation of pressure reducing valve should comply with following requirements:
1 The nominal diameter of pressure reducing valve should be the same with pipe diameter.
2 Valve and filter should be installed in front of pressure reducing valve; expansion joint
should be installed for repair pressure reducing valve; back flow water behind the valve may be
flow back during reparation, valve should be installed behind pressure reducing valve.
3 Pressure gauges should be installed in front of and behind the pressure reducing valve
point.
4 Ratio pressure reducing valve may be installed vertically, static pressure reducing valve
may be installed horizontally.
5 Pressure reducing valve should be installed in such place where it is easy to drain off pipe
filters water and to repair the pressure reducing valve, ground surface may provide drainage
facilities.
3.4.11 When the water supply line occurs transient super pressure, and this transient super
pressure may induce unsafety of use, pressure relief valve should be installed. The installation of
pressure relief valve should comply with following demands:
1 Pressure relief valve used for release pipe net pressure, valve should be installed in front of
this pressure relief valve.
2 The outlet of pressure relief valve should connect with drain pipe, drain water may flow
into non-drinking water reservoir, as it drain directly, it may drain into collecting well or drainage
ditch.
3.4.12 Valve should not be installed in front of safety valve, pressure release outlet should
connect with drain pipe, let the pressure release water (steam) discharge into a safety place.
3.4.13 Air relief facility should be installed at the following pipe section of water supply pipe
net:
1 Water supply pipe net with intermittent duty, at net end and the highest point, automatic air
relief valve should be installed.

24
 2 Water supply pipe net with rice and fall alignment behave air accumulation pipe section,
automatic air relief valve or manual air relief valve may be installed at the summit point of this
section.
3 Pneumatic water supply installation, when automatic air supplement pneumatic tank is
adopted, automatic air relief valve should be installed at the highest point of distribution pipe net.
3.4.14 The inlet pipe of regulation reservoir (tank) of water supply system, except the inflow
may be cut-off automatically, automatic water level control valve should be installed, its diameter
should be the same as the diameter of the inlet water pipe.
3.4.15 Pipe filter should be installed at the following section of water supply pipe:
1 In front of pressure reducing valve, pressure release valve, automatic water level
controlling valve, temperature regulating valve etc..
2 Inlet pipe of water heat machine, circulating cooling water inlet pipe of heat exchange
device.
3 It should be arranged for suction pipe of water pump.
4 (Deleted)
Note: Net of filter should be non-corrosive; dimension of net hole should meet the demand of
water use.
3.4.16 Water meter should be installed at the inlet of building, residential family inlet and public
building with the requirement of calculating water consumption’s pipe section.
3.4.17 Each family’s water meter in a residence may be correspondingly concentrated for
reading, may be put on outdoor; for indoor water meter, remote water meter, IC card water meter
may be adopted.
3.4.18 Water meter diameter should comply with following requirements:
1 (Deleted)
2 Water meter of domestic water supply system with uniform water consumption should take
the designed flow, as the constant flow of meter.
3 Water meter of domestic water supply system with non-uniform water consumption should
take the designed flow, as the overload flow of meter.
4 During fire-fighting, domestic water consumption and fire-fighting water flow through
water meter simultaneously, the sum of designed domestic water consumption flow and
fire-fighting flow should be check and should not exceed overload flow of water meter.
3.4.19 The water meter should be installed in such place when it is easy to inspect, cannot be
influenced by frost, polluted and easily damaged.
Note: All water flow measurement instrument with various accumulating function of water
flow may be the substitute of water meter.
3.4.20 Water hammer arrestor should be installed according to pumping head, pipe direction,
environmental noise etc..
3.4.21 Site with strict sound-damping demand, elevated water supply pipe supporting frame
should adopt vibration insulated structure; water hammer absorber may be installed at the
distribution pipe starting end; connection of distribution branch with sanitary fixture fitting may
adopt flexible hose.

25
 3.5 Piping layout and pipe laying

3.5.1 Outdoor water supply pipes network of residential area, may form an annular net or
connect to town water supply pipeline form an annular net. There must be at least two connecting
pipes between annular water supply pipe net and town water supply pipe, when one id interrupted,
the other should be able to pass not less than 70% of flow.
3.5.2 Outdoor water supply pipeline of residential area, should be laid along the road parallel to
the building, may be laid under the pedestrian-way, light carriage lane or grass cover; net
clearance between building external wall and pipe wall may not be less than 1m.and cannot
influence the building foundation.
The least net clearance between outdoor water supply pipe of residential area and other
underground pipelines and arboretum should comply with the regulation listed in Appendix B of
this code.
3.5.2A Where the outdoor water supply pipeline crosses with the sewage pipe, the water supply
pipeline is laid over the later, and the joints of them shall not be overlapped; in case the water
supply pipeline is laid under the later, steel sleeve shall be arranged and the ends of the steel
sleeve shall be sealed with waterproof material.
3.5.3 The buried depth of outdoor water supply pipe should base on frozen depth of soil, traffic
loading, material of pipe and pipe crossing etc.. Minimum earth cover on pipe top should not be
less than 0.15m below the frozen-line. Under traffic lane earth cover on pipe top may not be less
than 0.7m.
3.5.4 Valve of outdoor water supply pipe, valve chamber or valve sleeve may be provided.
3.5.5 In the outdoor pipe duct (trench), water supply pipe may be laid below the hot water pipe,
heating pipe and above the refrigeration pipe and drainage pipe. The net clearance between water
supply pipe and various other pipes, should meet the demand of installation work, and should not
less than 0.3m.
When the indoor cold, hot water pipe laying horizontally in parallel, cold water pipe should
be laid below he hot water pipe; cold water pipe for plumbing fixture shall be laid at the right side
of hot water pipe.
Domestic water supply pipe may not be laid with the inflammable, combustible or other
harmful liquid or gas pipe in the same duct (trench) together.
3.5.6 Indoor domestic water supply pipe may be laid as tree-shaped network, one way water
supply.
3.5.7 Indoor water supply pipe should not pass through electrical distribution room, electrical lift
control room, communication room, large and medium pattern computer room, center of computer
net, VCD store room etc.. When this equipment comes in contact with water will be damaged and
induced accident, and should avoid passing over these productive equipment.
Layout of indoor water supply pipe should not hinder productive work, traffic transportation
and management of building.
3.5.8 Indoor water supply pipe should not be laid above the raw materials, products and
equipment which will burn and explode when they come into contact with water.
3.5.9 Buried water supply pipe should avoid to be located in the place where may be damaged
by heavy weight. The pipe should not press through the foundation of productive equipment. In

26
particular case when it must pass through, effective protective measures should be taken.
3.5.10 The water supply pipe should not be laid inside the flue pipe, ventilating duct, electric lift
shaft, and drainage channel. The water supply pipe must not pass through show window, wardrobe.
Water supply pipe must not pass through toilet channel and urinal channel; the stack must be not
less than 0.5m from the end of toilet, urinal channel.
3.5.11 The water supply pipe must not pass through expansion joint, settlement joint,
deformation joint of building. When it must pass through, expansion joint and shear deformation
measures should be taken.
3.5.12 Plastic water supply pipe may be concealed installation. Exposed installation vertical pipe
should be located at the place where it is not easy to be struck, when it is not avoidable, protective
measure outside the pipe should be taken.
3.5.13 Plastic water supply pipe must not be located at the upper edge of cooking stove, exposed
water supply vertical pipe must not be less than 0.4m distant from the edge of cooking stove, 0.2m
distant from edge of gas heater. When it cannot meet these demands, protective measures should
be taken.
Plastic water supply pipe must not directly connect with water heater or boiler, not less than
0.4m metallic pipe section should be installed for transition.
3.5.14 Various kinds of valves for indoor water supply line may be installed in such place where
it is easy to repair and convenient to operate.
3.5.15 The minimum horizontal clear distance between water supply pipe and drainage pipe in
building, should not be less than 0.5m for parallel buried pipe, and 0.15m in crossing; the water
supply pipe should be disposed over the drainage pipe.
3.5.16 The compensator facility for water supply pipe should be based upon length of straight
line, linear expansion of material, environmental temperature and variation of pipe water
temperature, allowable deformation of pipe joint, etc. factors and determinate by calculation. The
temperature deformation compensated by pipe net bend angle should be fully considered.
3.5.17 When the condensate of water supply pipe effects environment, damage ornaments,
substances, anti-condensation coarse should be taken, its calculation and structure should comply
with current national standard “Rule of equipment and pipeline maintenance cool technique”
GB/T11790.
3.5.18 When water supply pipe is concealed installation, it should meet following demands:
1 Must not be laid in the building structure supporting member.
2 Main pipe and vertical pipe should be laid in the ceiling, pipe shaft; branch pipe may be
laid in the plaster coarse of floor (ground) or pipe duct along the wall.
3 The outer diameter of branch pipe, which is laid in cushion or wall pipe duct, may not be
exceed 25mm.
4 Water supply pipe, which is laid in cushion or wall pipe duct, may select plastic, metallic
and plastic composite pipe or anti-corrosive metallic pipe.
5 Pipe which is laid in cushion or wall pipe duct, when clamp sleeve or clamp ring joint is
adopted, manifold distribution water to sanitary fixture may be adopt, and no joint fitting on all the
line, two end joints should be visible. Mark may be shown on the ground.
3.5.19 The dimension of shaft should be determined according to the amount of pipes to be laid,
their diameter arrangement and maintenance requirements together with the plan and structure of
the shaft. When the necessity of inspection requires that workers get into the shaft, the width of its

27
passage should not be less than 0.6m. In every layer of the shaft, it should be equipped with the
outside opening inspection door.
Fire-fighting limit and fire partition of shaft and inspection door should comply with the
demand of fire-fighting regulations.
3.5.20 Water supply pipe should not pass through air-defense underground shelter, when it must
pass through, the measures like explosion proof valves shall be installed according to the
requirements of current national standard “Code for design of civil air defence basement” GB
50038.
3.5.21 If the horizontal water supply pipe need to drain empty, the slope of 0.2%~0.5% forward
the sluice way should be set up.
3.5.22 Waterproof sleeve should be installed when water supply pipes pass through following
structure portions or connections:
1 Pass through exterior wall of underground structure and basement.
2 Pass through roof.
Note: Sleeve is not needed when reliable waterproof measure is setting.
3 Pipe connections pass through R.C. reservoir (tank) walls or base slabs.
3.5.23 Exposed water supply vertical pipes pass through floor, water proof measures should be
taken.
3.5.24 Outdoor exposed water supply pipe should be kept away from be exposed to the ray of
sun directly, plastic water supply pipe should have effective protective measures, at frozen region
insulation layer should be taken, this layer should be fight and waterproof.
3.5.25 Water supply pipe is managed in such location as in freeze room, underground structure
and shaft, duct etc., anti-freezing measure should be taken.

3.6 Design flow and hydraulic calculation of pipe

3.6.1 Residential district outdoor water supply pipe design flow shall be determined according to
number of people service by this pipe segment, water consumption norm and plumbing fixture
arrangement criteria, and it shall meet the following requirements:
1 When residential district population is less than or equal to the value specified in Table
3.6.1, the flow rate of the pipe segment shall be calculated according to Article 3.6.3 and Article
3.6.4; the water supply of living area for its corresponding stadium, canteen, amusement, store and
market, domestic water consumption design flow should be according to articles 3.6.5 and 3.6.6 of
this Code to calculate the connection joint flow.
2 When residential district population exceeds the value specified in Table 3.6.1, the living
area should be according to article 3.1.9 to calculate maximum hourly flow water consumption as
the flow rate of the pipe segment. In the living area, for its corresponding stadium, canteen,
amusement, store and market in residential district, domestic water consumption design flow
should be according to article 3.1.10 of this code to calculate the maximum water consumption
hour at average second flow for the connection joint flow.
Table 3.6.1 Design flow calculated people number of outdoor water supply pipeline in residential quarter

28
 Ng /househood 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

QLKH

350 10200 9600 8900 8200 7600 ― 一 ―

400 9100 8700 8100 7600 7100 6650 ― ―

450 8200 7900 7500 7100 6650 6250 5900 ―

500 7400 7200 6900 6600 6250 5900 5600 5350

550 6700 6700 6400 6200 5900 5600 5350 5100

600 6100 6100 6000 5800 5550 5300 5050 4850

650 5600 5700 5600 5400 5250 5000 4800 4650

700 5200 5300 5200 5100 4950 4800 4600 4450

Note: 1 Where the residential quarter contains multiple residential building category and indoor Nk is different,
weighted averages method may be used in calculation.
2 Data in the table may be treated with interpolation method.

3 In the residential district, the corresponding culture education, hospital sanatorium, circle
management facilities and make green waterscape consumption, road and square sprinkling water,
public facilities water consumption etc. all are on average hourly water consumption to calculate
connection joint flow.
Note: 1 Unpredicted water consumption and pipe leakage water loss are not counted into net
connection joint flow, only for the calculation of district pipe net connect with town pipe net inlet,
those amount may take into consideration.
2 Corresponding public building not belonging to the district should not be counted and
added to the net.
3.6.1A The flow rate of the pipe segment of outdoor direct water supply pipe shall be calculated
according to Article 3.6.1, Article 3.6.5 and Article 3.6.6; where building is arranged with water
tank (pool), the outdoor-calculated connection joint flow of the water supply pipe shall be the
design flow of the building inlet pipe.
3.6.1B Design flow of residential district water supply inlet pipe shall meet the following
requirements:
1 The design flow of residential district water supply inlet pipe shall be calculated according to
Article 3.6.1 and Article 3.6.1A, and non-estimated water amount and pipe network leakage shall
be considered;
2 As for residential district outdoor looped supply pipe network with more than two inlet pipes, in
case of one inlet pipe being out of service, the others inlet pipes shall be able to guarantee the flow
of not less than 70%.
3 Where residential district outdoor supply pipe network is arranged in branched shape, the pipe
diameter of residential district inlet pipe shall not be less than the one of the outdoor water main;

29
4 The residential district looped pipeline should have same pipe diameter.
3.6.2 As for outdoor living and firefighting combined water supply pipeline in residential
quarter, the design flow hereof (shower water volume may be 15 %, and water consumption
for greening ) shall be calculated according to Article 3.6.1 of this Code, road and square
splashing may not be counted), with the addition of once maximum firefighting water
consumption (should be with the deduction of firefighting storage water and special fire fight pipe
supply water), to check hydraulic calculation of the pipe flow, water pressure of outdoor fire
hydrant pipe end should not be less than 0.1MPa count from the ground surface.
Outdoor water supply pipe without outdoor fire hydrant, the pipe diameter must be not less
than 100mm.
3.6.3 Design flow of building water supply inlet pipe should comply with following demands:
1 When building domestic water consumption all are directly supplied by outdoor pipe net,
building domestic water consumption design second flow should be taken.
2 When building domestic water consumption all are supplied by self-pressurized; design
flow of inlet pipe should be the design replenishing flow of the water storage regulation reservoir.
Design replenishing flow may not be exceed building highest day hour domestic water
consumption and must not be less than building highest day average hour domestic water
consumption.
3 When building domestic water consumption are supplied by both outdoor pipe net and
self-pressurized, the inlet pipe design flow should be the sum of calculated results according to
section 1.2 of this article.
3.6.4 Design second flow of residential building domestic water supply should comply with
following procedures and calculating methods:
1 Based upon residence sanitary fixture water supply equivalent, number of persons, rate of
water consumption, number of hours and hour variation coefficient, according to formula 3.6.4-1
to calculate the maximum water consumption of sanitary fixture water supply equivalent average
outflow probability:
100qLmKb
Uo = （%
） (3.6.4-1)
0.2NgT3600
Where Uo——Domestic water supply pipe during maximum water consumption sanitary fixture
water supply equivalent average outflow probability (%);
QL——Maximum water consumption day water consumption rate, taken according to Table
3.1.9 of this Code;
m——Each family number of persons;
Kh——Hour variation coefficient taken according to Table 3.1.9 of this Code;
Ng——h family number of sanitary fixtures water supply equivalent;
T——Water consumption hours (h);
0.2——Each sanitary fixture water supply equivalent rated flow (L/s).
2 Based upon calculated pipe sections sanitary fixture water supply equivalent total amount,
according to formula 3.6.4-2 to calculate this pipe section sanitary fixture water supply equivalent
simultaneous outflow probability:

30
 1+ αc(Ng − 1
) 0
.49

U = 100 (
%) (3.6.4-2)
Ng

Where U——Calculated pipe section sanitary fixture water supply equivalent simultaneous
outflow probability (%);
αc——Coefficient corresponds to different Uo, find out from Appendix C, Table C in this
Code;
Ng——Calculated pipe section sanitary fixture water supply equivalent total amount.
3 Based upon calculated pipe section sanitary fixture water supply equivalent simultaneous
out flow probability, according to formula 3.6.4-3 to calculate design second flow of this pipe
section:

q g = 0.2 ⋅ U ⋅ N g (L / s) (3.6.4-3)

Where qg——Design second flow of calculated pipe section (L/s).

Note: 1 After Uo is calculated, bases upon Uo of calculated pipe section water supply pipe section design
second flow can be find out from the able in Appendix E directly. Interpolation is available for use in
this table.
2 When calculated pipe section’s sanitary fixture water supply equivalent total amount exceeds the
maximum value in Table E, maximum water consumption hour average second flow should be taken
as this flow, that is qg=0.2UoNg.
4 Water supply main with two or more than two different maximum water consumption
sanitary fixture water supply equivalent average out flow probability water supply branch, this
pipe section’s maximum hour sanitary fixture water supply equivalent average out flow
probability may be calculated according to formula 3.6.4-4:

−
Uo =
∑U N oi gi
(3.6.4-4)
∑N gi

−
Where U o ——Water supply main’s sanitary fixture water supply equivalent average out
flow probability;
Uoi——Branch pipe’s maximum water consumption hour sanitary fixture water
supply equivalent average out flow probability;
Ngi——Correspond branch pipe’s sanitary fixture water supply equivalent total
amount.
3.6.5 Domestic water supply design second flow of dormitory (category I and II), hotel, guest
house, hotel style apartment, hospital, sanatorium, kindergarten, old-age pension, office building,
commercial establishment, library, bookshop, passenger station, terminal building, exhibition
center, primary and middle school class room building, public toilet etc. should be calculated
according to following formula:

q g = 0.2α N g
Where qg——Calculated pipe section’s water supply design second flow (L/s);
Ng——Calculated pipe section’s water supply equivalent total amount of sanitary

31
fixture;
α——Coefficient determined according to the uses of building, should be taken
according to table 3.6.5.
Note: 1 If the calculated value is less than one of the maximum sanitary fixture water supply rated flow of this
pipe sections’, the design second flow should adopt this one of the maximum sanitary fixture water
supply rated flow.
2 If the calculated value is greater than these pipe sections’ calculated according to sanitary fixture water
supply rated flow accumulated flow value, should adopt sanitary fixture water supply accumulated
rated flow.
3 Water supply pipe section with toilet bowl self-closing flush valve (delayed-time action), the water
supply equivalent of toilet bowl self-closing flush valve should take 0.5, calculated qg adding 1.10L/s
flow is the water supply design second flow of this pipe section.
4 a value of comprehensive building should be take the average value.
Table 3.6.5 Coefficient value (a value) based upon use of building

Building nomenclature a value

Kindergarten, crèche, house of old-age person 1.2

Clinic, outpatient department 1.4

Office building, market 1.5

Library 1.6

Bookshop 1.7

School 1.8

Hospital, sanatorium 2.0

Hotel style apartment 2.2

Dormitory (category I and II), hotel, guest house 2.5

Passenger station, terminal building, exhibition center, public toilet 3.0

3.6.6 Dormitory (category I and II), Industrial enterprise’s living area, public bath house, kitchen
of public cater or restaurant, stadium, theater, physic and chemistry laboratory room etc., it’s
domestic water supply pipeline’s design second flow should be calculated according to following
formula:

qg = ∑ qonob (3.6.6)

Where qg——Calculated pipe water supply design second flow (L/s);

qo——Same type one sanitary fixture water supply rated flow (L/s);
no——Same type number of fixture;
b——Sanitary fixture simultaneously supply water percentage, should be adopted
according to Table 3.6.6-1~3.6.6-3 of this Code.
Note: 1 If calculated value is less than one of the maximums sanitary fixture water supply rated flow of these
pipe sections, should adopt one of the maximum sanitary fixture water supplies rated flow as the
design second flow.
2 Toilet bowl self-closing flush valve should be singly calculated when singly calculated valve is less
than 1.2L/s, take 1.2L/s, exceed 1.2L/s, take the calculated value.

32
 Table 3.6.6-1 Simultaneously water supply percentage of sanitary fixtures in dormitory (category I and II),
living area of industrial enterprises, public bath house, theater, stadium etc. (%)
Simultaneous water supply percentage (%)
Nomenclature of
Dormitory (category I Industrial enterprise Public bath
sanitary fixture Theater Stadium
and II) living area house
Wash tub (basin) - 33 15 15 15
Hand wash tub - 50 50 50 70(50)
Wash tub, channel 5~100
60~100 60~100 50 80
tap
Bath tub - - 50 - -
Shower without 20~100
100 100 - 100
partition
Shower with 5~80
80 60~80 60~80 60~100
partition
Closet bowl flush 5~70
30 20 50(20) 70(20)
tank
Closet channel self 100
100 - 100 100
flush tank
Closet bowl 1~2
self-closing flush 2 2 10(2) 5(2)
valve
Urinal self- closing 2~10
10 10 50(10) 70(10)
flush valve
Urinal (channel) -
100 100 100 100
self flush tank
Bidet - 33
Drink jet - 30~60 30 30 30
Canteen wash -
50 50 50
basin
Note: 1 Values bracketed in the Table are used for cinema, theater dressing room, and retiring room for
athletes in gymnasium;
2 Health center sanitary room may take the simultaneous water supply percentage of athlete rest room
of stadium in this table.
Table 3.6.6-2 Simultaneous water supply percentage of kitchen fixture at worker and student dining hall
restaurant (%)
Nomenclature of kitchen fixture Simultaneous water supply percentage (%)
Sewage tub (basin) 50
Wash tub (basin) 70
Cooker 60
Food wash machine 40
Utensil wash machine 90
Boiling water heater 50

33
 Steam generator 100
Kitchen stove tap 30
Note: Utensil tap of workers or students will be 100% simultaneous water supply, but not add to kitchen
consumption.
Table 3.6.6-3 Simultaneously water supply percentage of laboratory test tap (%)

Simultaneous water supply percentage (%)

Nomenclature of test tap Scientific research and teaching
Laboratory for production
laboratory
Single connection laboratory test
20 30
tap
Double or triple connection
laboratory 30 50
test tap
3.6.7 Building domestic water consumption maximum hour water consumption, should be
determined by calculation according to Table 3.1.9 and 3.1.10 of this code.
3.6.8 Nominal diameter of inlet pipe of residential house may be not less than 20mm.
3.6.9 Water flow velotown of domestic water supply pipeline may be taken according to Table
3.6.9.
Table 3.6.9 Water flow velotown of domestic water supply pipeline

Nominal diameter(mm) 15~20 25~40 50~70 ≥80

Water flow velotown(m/s) ≤1.0 ≤1.2 ≤1.5 ≤1.8

3.6.10 Water head loss along water supply pipeline may be calculated according to following
formula:
−1.85 −4.87
i = 105C h
1.85
dj qg (3.6.10)

Where i——Water head loss per unit length of pipeline (kPa/m);

dj——Pipe calculated internal diameter of pipe (m);
qg——Water supply design flow (m3/s);
Ch——Coefficient of Hazen-Williams.
Various kind of plastic pipe, plastic lining pipe Ch=140;
Copper pipe, stainless steel pipe Ch=130;
Cement, resin lined cast iron pipe Ch=130;
Steel pipe, cast iron pipe Ch=100
3.6.11 The partial head loss of domestic water supply network may be calculated according to
the method of pipe connections, and calculated by pipe fitting equivalent length method. When
pipe fitting equivalent length data is insufficient, it may be taken according to following
pipefitting connection and head loss along pipe network percentage:
1 Pipe (accessory) fitting internal diameter is the same of pipe diameter, when tee branch is
used, take 25%~30%, when manifold is used, take 15%~20%.
2 Pipe (accessory) fitting internal diameter is slightly greater than pipe diameter, when tee
branch is used, take 50%~60%, when manifold is used, take 30%~35%.
3 Pipe (accessory) fitting internal diameter is slightly less than pipe diameter, pipe
(accessory) fitting is spigot and socket connection, when tee branch is used, take 70%-80%; when

34
manifold is used, take 35%~40%.
Note: the friction loss of valve and treaded fitting may be determined according to Appendix
B.
3.6.12 The head loss of water meter should be calculated according to specification of select
production. When the production is not determined before, may be taken according to following
stimulation:
1 Water meter of family inlet pie may take 0.01MPa.
2 Water meter of building or district inlet pipe during domestic water consumption, may take
0.03MPa; during the check of fire-fighting, may take 0.05MPa.
3.6.13 Head loss of ratio pressure reducing valve, the dynamic water pressure behind the valve
may take 80%~90% of the static eater pressure behind the valve.
3.6.14 Partial head loss of pipe filter may take 0.01MPa.
3.6.15 Partial head loss of backflow preventer and vacuum breaker of pipeline shall be
determined according to the testing parameters of the products.

3.7 Water tower, Water tank, Reservoir

3.7.1 Residential district adopt water tower for domestic water consumption regulating structure,
should comply with following regulations:
1 The effective volume of water tower should be determined by calculation.
2 Water tower with possible freezing hazard should be thermal insulation with antifreeze
measure.
3.7.2 The design of reservoir of pressurization pump house for living use of residential district
should comply with following regulations:
1 Effective volume of the reservoir for residential district use shall be determined according
to the domestic water consumption regulating quantity and the safe water storage, and it shall meet
the following requirements:
1) The domestic water consumption regulating quantity should be determined by calculation
according to flow-in quantity and supply out quantity’s variation curve; when data is insufficient,
it may be determined based upon maximum day domestic water consumption’s 15~20%
(residential district).
2) Safe water storage shall be determined according to town water supply system, water
supply reliability degree and water supply guaranteeing requirements by residential district;
3) When domestic water storage pool serves fire water, the fire-fighting water storage shall
be comply with the relevant current fire protection rules of the country.
2 Reservoir may be separated into two parts with same volume.
3.7.3 Domestic water consumption low level reservoir (tank) in the building should comply with
following regulations:
1 Effective volume of reservoir (tank) should be determined by calculation according to flow
in quantity and supply out quantity’s variation curve, when data is insufficient, it may be
determined based upon maximum day water consumption’s 20~25% (building).
2 The clear distance between reservoir (tank) external wall and the building structure wall,
should meet the requirements of construction or assembling, and may not be less than 0.7m with
no pipeline inside; not less than 1.0m with pipe line inside, passage way between pipe external

35
wall and building wall may not be less than 0.6m; reservoir top without manhole, clear space
between top slab surface and building bottom surface slab may not be less than 0.8m.
3 Reservoir (tank) may not be adjacent to electric operating room and living room or below.
4 Pump suction pits of reservoir, its dimension and depth, should meet the demand of pump
or pump suction pipe installation.
3.7.4 Pressurized water supply system without regulation demand, may provide suction well, its
effective volume should be not less than pump’s design flow of 3min. design second flow. Other
demands of suction well should meet the regulation of article 3.7.3 of this code.
3.7.5 Domestic water consumption high elevated water tank should comply with following
regulations:
1 Water consumption regulating volume of high elevated water tank with directly draw in
water from town water supply network at night, may be determined based upon number of persons
and the highest water consumption ratio of flow with pumps lifting water draw in tank, may not be
less than 50% of maximum hour water flow.
2 The clear distance between high elevated water tank wall and room wall, tank top slab and
room top slab, should comply with the regulation of section 2 article 3.7.3 of this code; its clear
distance between tank bottom and room base slab, should not be less than 0.8m, where there is
pipe laid.
3 Elevation of water tank (from surface of bottom slab) should meet the demand water
pressure of highest floor water consumption family, if can’t, pipe pressurizing measures should be
taken.
3.7.6 Building reservoir (tank) should be arranged in the room with good ventilation and
anti-freezed.
3.7.7 Water tower, reservoir, water tank must be provided with inlet pipe, out let pipe, over flow
pipe, sluice pipe and water level indication device and should comply with following demands:
1 Reservoir (tank) setup and pipeline layout should comply with article 3.2.9~3.2.13 of this
code, relevant regulations for the prevention of water condemnation.
2 Inlet, outlet pipe may set up separately, and short-loop preventing measures shall be taken.
3 When directly draw in water from town water supply pressure network, automatic water
level controlling valve should be provided. The diameter of control valve is the same of inlet pipe,
when directly-acting float valve is adopted, they may not be less than two, and with the same
elevation of inlet pipe.
4 When tank water draw in by pressurizing pump, the device to automatically control pump
by water level shall be installed. When pumps of a group supply water to several tanks, electric
control valve shall be installed at water inlet pipe, and automatic control is conducted by water
lever monitor.
5 Over flow pipe may be a horizontal flared opening water collector; vertical pipe section
below the flared opening may not be less than 4 times of over flow pipe. Diameter of over flow
pipe should be determined based upon to drain away the maximum draw in flow of water tower
(reservoir, tank) and may be larger than one grader of inlet pipe diameter.
6 Diameter of drainpipe should be determined based upon time of empty out reservoir (tank)
and the acceptability of drain water. When water of reservoir (tank) cannot be empty out by
gravity flow, movable or fixed lifting device should be installed.
7 Water tower, reservoir should set up water level and over-flow alarm monitor, water tank

36
may set up water lever over flow alarm monitor. Information should be transmitted to the control
center.
3.7.8 For domestic water consumption pipeline midway transfer water tank, its transferred
regulating volume may be taken as 5~10 min of transfer pump’s flow.

3.8 Pressurizing equipment, pump house

3.8.1 Selection of domestic water supply system’s pressurizing pump should comply with
following general regulations:
1 Pump’s Q~H characteristic curve should be the curve as the flow increased, the water head
decreased gradually.
Note: For Q~H characteristic curve exists ascending section pump should analyze, during its
operation there is no instability occurrence, it may be selected.
2 Selection of pump should base upon hydraulic calculation of pipe net; the operation of
pump should be in the high effective range.
3 Domestic water supply pressurizing pump set should provide stand by pump, its capatown
should not be less than the capatown of one maximum operating pump in the set. Pump’s
operation may be automatically transferred and substituted.
3.8.2 Water supply pressurizing pump station of residential district, when there is no regulating
facility in this water supply net, water supply may be operated by regulating velotown pump set or
rated velotown pump set. The maximum out put of the pump set should not be less than the water
supply design flow of this district, and the living and firefighting water supply combined network
shall be checked by firefighting working conditions according to Article 3.6.2 of this Code.
3.8.3 Building elevated water tank is adopted to regulate domestic water supply system, the
maximum pump output should not be less than maximum hour water consumption flow.
3.8.4 Domestic water supply system adopts regulating velotown pump, the selection of pump
should base upon the maximum design flow of the system, regulating velotown pump at rated
velotown hour’s working point, it should be the end of high effective range of pump.
3.8.4A Power source for frequency conversion pump shall be able to reliable and adopt dual
power supply or double loop mode.
3.8.5 Domestic water supply system adopts pneumatic water supply installations, should comply
with following regulations:
1 The minimum working pressure in pneumatic tank, should meet the demand of water
pressure of distribution point at the pipe net’s most unfavorable position.
2 The maximum working pressure of air pressure in pneumatic tank, must not be let the pipe
net maximum water pressure distribution point’s water pressure grater than 0.55MPa.
3 Pump’s (or pump set’s) flow (average pressure of pneumatic tank, corresponded flow of
pump head) should not less than 1.2 times of water supply system maximum hour water
consumption flow.
4 Regulating volume of pneumatic tank shall be calculated according to following formula:

α a qh
Vq 2 = (3.8.5-1)
4nq

Where Vq2——Regulating volume of pneumatic tank (m3);

37
 qb——Outflow (m3/h) of pump (or pump set);
αa——Coefficient of safety may take 1.0~1.3;
nq——Pump’s starting frequency in 1 hour, may take 6~8.
5 Total volume of pneumatic tank shall be calculated according to following formula:

β ⋅ v q1
vq = (3.8.5-2)
1− αb
Where V——Total volume of pneumatic tank (m3);
Vql ——Water volume (m3) of pneumatic tank, shall be equal or greater than
regulating volume;
αb——Ratio of working pressure in pneumatic tank (calculate with absolute pressure)
may take 0.65~0.85;
β——Volume coefficient of pneumatic tank, for diaphragm pneumatic tank may
take 1.05.
3.8.6 Pump may be self priming, pump top vent hole of horizontal centrifugal pump and first
step (section) pump body (at water inlet end) of multistage centrifugal pump may be lower
than the minimum design water level, and each pump may be equipped independently with it’s
suction pipe to suck water from reservoir. Velotown of flow in the suction pipe may be taken
1.0~1.2m/s; suction pipe’s end shall be equipped with downward flared inlet, this flared inlet must
be lower than lowest water level of reservoir, may not be less than 0.3m, if it is not satisfied,
preventive air suck in device should be taken.
Clear distance between flared inlet and bottom of reservoir should not be less than 0.8 times
the diameter of inlet pipe, and be not less than 0.1m; clear distance between edge of flared inlet
and tank wall may not be less than 1.5 times the diameter of inlet pipe; clear distance between
inlets nay not be less than 3.5 times the diameter of inlet pipe (take the average of adjacent pipes
diameter).
Note: When water level of reservoir cannot meet the demand of self-priming water level, protective measure
should be provided to prevent no-load starting of pump.
3.8.7 When each pump individually sucks water from reservoir with difficulty, may adopt
individually sucking water from suction main pipe with self-priming, the suction main pipe should
comply with following regulations:
1 The suction main pipe stretch into reservoir may not be less than two, when one pipe can’t
work, the other should be able to pass total design flow. Each pipe should be equipped with valve.
Note: Reservoir is separated into two or more than two individual parts, each part has one conduit may be
regarded as two or more pipes.
2 The suction main pipe should set up downward flared opening, this flared opening should
meet the corresponding requirements of article 3.8.6 of this code, and the flared opening lower
than lowest water level may be not less than 0.3m.
3 Flow velotown of suction main pipe should be less than 1.2m/s.
4 Connection of pump suction pipe and suction main pipe should be at the pipe’s top point or
higher than pipe top.
3.8.8 Each selfpriming water pump shall be arranged with suction pipe to independently
take water from water tank. Reservoir lowest water level limits the allowable installation
elevation of self-priming type pump, it should base upon local atmospheric pressure, saturated

38
steam pressure of highest water temperature, pump’s air corrode residual, minimum water level
of water tank, and head loss of suction pipeline, determined by calculation, and shall be taken not
less than 0.3m for safety residual.
3.8.9 Outlet pipe of each pump should install pressure meter, check valve and gate valve
(multiple function valve may substitute check valve and gate valve), when necessary should install
water hammer arrester. Self-priming suction pipe should install valve and may equip pipe filter.
3.8.10 Residential district independent pump house, may be near by large water consumption
family, noise of pump set should comply with current national standard “Environmental quality
standards for noise” GB 3096.
3.8.11 Domestic water pump set installed inside the civil building shall not be beside, over or
blow the residential house, it may be set beside or below the suction tank, and single pump may
arranged inside water tank or pipeline. The noise of operation should comply with current national
standard “Standard of environmental vibration in urban area” GB 10070.
3.8.12 Water supply pump house inside the building should take following vibration and noise
control:
1 Should select low noise pump.
2 Vibration insulator should be installed on the inlet and outlet pipe.
3 Vibration insulator device should be installed at the foundation of pump set.
4 Measures against sound transmission should be taken on pipe support, hanger, wall and
slab pipe casing.
5 If necessary, wall and ceiling of pump house should be sound insulation and absorption.
3.8.13 The pump house must provide with drainage system; well ventilated and no frost
occurrence in it.
3.8.14 Arrangement of pump set should comply with table 3.8.14 regulations.
Table 3.8.14 Clear distance between the overall measurement of pump set and wall and neighboring pump
sets should comply with regulations
Rated capatown of Minimum distance (m) between the overall Minimum distance (m) between the overall
motor (kW) measurement of pump set and wall measurement of neighboring pump sets
≤22 0.8 0.4
>25~55 1.0 0.6
≥55~≤160 1.2 1.2
Note: 1 When pipeline is beside the pump, the overall measurement of pump includes this pipe.
2 Pump set is the combination of pump and motor or a metallic frame with several pumps set.
3.8.15 Foundation of pump should be higher than ground surface and convenient for pump
installation, should not be less than 0.1m; the distance between the bottom of pipe and ground
surface, duct bottom of pipeline inside the pump house, when pipe diameter ≤150mm, should not
be less than 0.2m; when pipe diameter ≤200mm, should not be less than 0.25m.
3.8.16 Site for pump repair may be reserved, its dimension may be according to exterior
dimension of pump or motor, around passage way in width not less than 0.7m. The width of
passage in front of distribution cabinet and control cabinet in feed pump house should not be less
than 1.5 m. In the pump house, hand crane may be provided.

3.9 Swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool

39
3.9.1 (Deleted)
3.9.2 Pool water quality hygienic standard of national swimming race pool and guest house
attached swimming pool may meet the requirements of current standard “Water quality standards
for swimming pools” CJ 244.
3.9.2A Water quality of swimming pool for world class competition or with special purpose
shall also meet the the relevant requirements of the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA),
besides Article 3.9.2 of this Code.
3.9.3 The quality of primary filling and operational replenishing water of swimming pool and
aquatic recreation pool should meet the demands of current national standard “Domestic drinking
water supply hygienic code” GB 5749.
3.9.4 The quality of drinking, showering etc. domestic consumption water should meet the
demand of current national standard “Domestic drinking water supply hygienic code” GB 5749.
3.9.5 The water of swimming pool and aquatic recreati0on pool may be reused cyclically. The
turnover time of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool should be determined base upon
pool’s type, usage, pool volume, water depth, number of person use it etc. factors, generally may
be adopted according to Table 3.9.5.
Table 3.9.5 Pool water turnover of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool
No. Type Purpose Turnover time (h)

1 Dedicated swimming pool Race pool 4~5

2 Synchronised swimming pool 6~8

3 Diving pool 8~10

4 Training pool 4~6

5 Public swimming pool Adult pool 4~6

6 Children pool 1~2

7 Water recreation pool Playing pool Adult pool 4

8 Young children <1

pool

9 Wave making pool 2

10 Slide pool, explore pool 6

11 Family swimming pool 6~8

Note: Number of turnover time may be determined by ratio of time of use each day and circulation period.
3.9.6 Swimming pools with different use function shall respectively be arranged with
independent circulation system. Aquatic recreation pool recycle water system should base upon
water quality, water temperature, water pressure and function of usage etc. factors to design one or
some individual circulation piping systems.
3.9.7 The circulation water should be filtered, chlorinated, disinfected for purification, if
necessary should also be heated.
3.9.8 Hair interceptor should be equipped at the suction pipe of circulating water pump for prep
unification of circulation water.

40
3.9.8A Circulating water purification process flow shall be determined by technical
economical comparison according to swimming pool and water recreation pool purpose,
water quality requirement, number of people served, disinfecting method, and other factors.
3.9.9 Circulation water pump of slide track lubricating water system of aquatic recreation
pool, stand by pump must be provided.
3.9.10 Circulation water filtration treatment may adopt pressure filter, pressure filter should
meet following demands:
1 Filter rate of filter should be determined by pool type and filter media. Medium speed quartz
sand filter or low speed infusorial earth filter with a filtering velocity 15m/h ~ 25m/h should
be adopted for dedicated swimming pool public swimming pool, water recreation pool, etc.;
2 The number of filters and the surface area of one individual filter should be determined by
technical and economical comparison according to the scale of circulation flow and its
maintenance condition and operating condition, in general the number of filters should not be less
than two.
3 Filter should adopt water back flushing, and quartz sand filter should adopt gas and water
combined back flushing. back flushing for filter should adopt swimming poll water; when
adopting drinking water, flushing water pipe shall not be directly connected with the water supply
pipeline applied with the pressure of town water supply pipe network.
3.9.11 Circulation water during purification shall be added by following dosage:
1 Before filtration adds coagulant.
2 Based upon kinds of disinfectant pH value regulation agent should be added before
disinfecting.
3 Algaecide may be added based upon quality of pool water quality and temperature
condition.
4 Based upon pool water pH value, total alkalinity, calcium hardness, total solvent solid etc.
water quality parameters, to add water quality balancing agent dose (water quality balance should
ensure pool water quality meet the demand of hygienic standard).
3.9.12 Water of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool must proceed disinfenction
bactericidal treatment.
3.9.13 Selection of disinfectant should meet following demands:
1 Strong bactericidal disinfecting ability and sustained bactericidal function.
2 Make no water and environmental pollution, no change of pool water quality.
3 No stimulation to human body or with a little stimulation.
4 No corrosion to building structure, equipment and pipeline or with slight corrosive action.
5 Low cost, locally available materials.
3.9.14 When liquid chlorine bottle is used for disinfections, chlorine should be proceeded
with negative pressure automatic dosage, chlorine directly dosed into swimming pool water
is prohibited. Chlorine room should be disinfected, fire proof and with explosion preventive
device and comply with the requirement of current national standard relevant.
3.9.15 Pool water designed temperature of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool should be
determined based upon type of pool in Table 3.9.15
Table 3.9.15 Pool water designed temperature of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool
Number Place Type Purpose Pool water designed
temperature(℃)

41
 1 Dedicated swimming pool Race pool, Synchronised 25~27
swimming pool

2 Diving pool 27~28

3 Training pool 25~27
4 Adult pool 27~28
Indoor
5 Public swimming pool Children pool 28~29
6 Water recreation pool Playing pool Adult pool 27~28
7 Young children 29~30
pool

8 Slide pool 27~28

9 With heating equipment 26~28
Outdoor
10 Without heating equipment ≥23

3.9.16 Heat amount demand for heating swimming pool water and aquatic recreation pool water
should be determined by calculation and may adopt indirect heating pattern. Natural heat energy
like exhaust heat, waste heat and solar energy shall be adopted as heat source in priority.
3.9.17 Time of primary water filling of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool should be
determined based upon the operating condition and town water supply condition, may be less than
24h, at most not exceed 48h. For swimming pool, it should not exceed 48h; for Water
recreation pool, it should not exceed 72h.
3.9.18 Replenishing water of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool may be determined
according to Table 3.9.18. Large size swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool should adopt
balancing reservoir or replenishing water tank to replenish water indirectly.
3.9.18A Family swimming pool etc. small size swimming pool may replenish water directly,
replenish water pipe should be equipped with back flow pollution preventive device.
3.9.19 Equilibrium reservoir may be provided to balancing water level of swimming pool and
aquatic recreation pool with steady flow type, mix flow type. Equilibrium reservoir should be
provided to balancing water quantity of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool with reverse
flow type circulation water supply type.
Table 3.9.18 Replenish water of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool
Number Type of pool Percentage (%) of daily replenish water of
pool water volume
1 Race pool, training pool, dive pool Indoor 3~5
Outdoor 5~10
2 Public swimming pool, aquatic recreation Indoor 5~10
pool Outdoor 10~15
3 Children swimming pool, infant playing pool Indoor Not less than 15
Outdoor Not less than 20
4 Massage pool Private 8~10
Public 10~15
5 Family swimming pool Indoor 3
Outdoor 5

Note: Minimum replenishes water of swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool should be ensured to renew

42
 pool water once per month.
3.9.20 Number of inlet and return outlet hole of swimming pool and water recreation pool
should meet the demand of circulation flow, the position should make a uniform flow without
eddy and short circuit. Inlet flow rate velotown passing through the screen gap may not be higher
then 1.0m/s; back flow at screen gap should not be higher than 0.2m/s. Inlet gap of screen must
not be greater than 8mm, pool bottom back flow screen gap for adult pool must not greater than
10mm, for children pool must not greater than 8mm.
3.9.20A Size of grate opening of water inlet pool floor back water opening and drain
opening in swimming pool and water recreation pool shall prevent swimmer finger or toe
accessing or jamming. the quantity of drain opening shall meet the requirement taht
generated negative pressure cause no injury to human body.
3.9.20B The quantity of back water opening of swimming pool and water recreation pool of
adopting pool floor back water shall not be less than 2. the flow of grate opening shall not be
larger than 0.2 m/s.
3.9.21 The sluice hole of swimming pool should be set up at the lowest part of pool bottom,
number of sluice hole are determined by calculation according to empty it with 4h. Over flow
channel along pool wall may be provided.
3.9.22 Foot submerged disinfected basin should be provided at the entrance passage of
swimming pool and aquatic recreation pool.
3.9.23 Pipeline, equipment, vessels, accessories should be anti-corrosive material or with
anti-corrosive resistance lining, its material and painting/lining should comply with relevant
hygienic standard and with no effect to the pool water quality.
3.9.24 Dive pool for match must equipped with wave making and spraying equipments.
3.9.25 Dive pool water surface should be uniform, wave height may be 25~40mm. Air blowing
type may be adopted.
3.9.25A Compressed air for foaming / wave forming and safety protectuion air wave in
diving pool shall be low-temperature, clean, and free of impurity, oil dirt, and offodour.
3.9.26 (Deleted)
3.9.27 (Deleted)

3.10 Cooling tower and circulation cooling water

3.10.1 Design circulation cooling water system should comply with following demands:
1 Cooling water circulation system may be atmospheric cooling type; it may be closed type
when adopting indirect heat change;
2 Equipment for water temperature, quality, operation etc., with great difference, circulation
cooling water system may be separately provided.
3 Water quality demand of atmospheric cooling system should meet the demand of cooling
equipment’s water quality.
4 Equipment and pipeline design should make the circulation systems residual pressure fully
utilized.
5 Heat of cooling water should be recycled;
6 Where areas with demand of year-around cool supply exist in a building, cooling tower
should be used as cold source to supply air conditioning cooling water under proper weather

43
conditions in winter.
3.10.2 In cooling tower design and calculation, the selection of dry bulb and wet bulb
temperature should be identical with the dry bulb and wet bulb temperature of air condition
system design and should adopt annual averaged not guarantee 50h dry bulb and wet bulb
temperature.
3.10.3 Selection of cooling tower location should be determined base upon following factors:
1 Air circulation should be normal, less effect by moist heated air back flow, and should be
located at the building’s minimum frequency wind ascending side.
2 Cooling tower should not be located at heating source, waste gas and smoke gas blow off
outlet, may not be located in a narrow belt between high buildings.
3 The distance between cooling tower and adjacent building should meet the demand of
ventilation and noise, water atmosphere effect on buildings.
3.10.4 Selection cooling tower product should comply with following demands:
1 Selection must be based upon heat characteristic curve, which is prepared by producer.
Design circulation water may not exceed the rated water of cooling tower, when circulation water
can not reach 80% of rated water, water distribution system of cooling tower should be checked.
2 Cooling tower should be high cooling efficiency, save energy, low noise, and lightweight,
small volume, less water atmosphere.
3 Material should be non-combustible and should meet fire-proof demand.
4 Number of cooling tower may be coordinate with number of equipment of cooling water
consumption, controlling operation.
5 Shape of tower should be determined according to building’s demand, area and setup
situation.
6 When the location of cooling tower can’t meet article 3.10.3 of this Code, corresponding
technical procedures and check of heat function should be proceeded.
3.10.4A Antifreezing measures shall be taken for cooling tower operating in winter, where
there is possible freezing hazards.
3.10.5 Arrangement of cooling tower should comply with following demands:
1 Cooling towers may be arranged in a row. When arranged in double or more rows, the
distance between rows should ensure the ventilation for simultaneous operation.
2 One side wind inlet face cooling tower may face to prevailing summer wind direction,
double side wind inlet face cooling tower may parallel to prevailing summer wind direction.
3 The distance between cooling tower wind inlet face and the building may be 2 times the
height of wind inlet opening. Around cooling tower, passage should be provided for pipeline
installation, inspect, repair and ventilation demand. Clear width of passage may not be less than
1.0m.
3.10.6 Cooling tower should be set on specified foundation, can’t directly set on floor or roof.
3.10.7 Environment need low noise level, following measures may be taking:
1 Location of cooling tower set up far from noise sensitive districts.
2 Low noise type cooling tower or super-low noise type cooling tower should be adopted.
3 Vibration isolative devices shall be installed on the inlet pipe, outlet pipe, replenish pipe of
cooling tower.
4 Vibration insolating component shall be installed at the foundation of cooling tower.
5 Buildings shall be provided with acoustic absorbing barrier.

44
3.10.8 Number of circulating water pump may coodinate into cooling water unit, and stand-by
pump may be provided. Output of circulating pump should be determined according to circulating
water quantity, its water head should be determined according to the demand of circulating rater
pressure of equipment and pipe net, bearing capatown of pump should be checked.
3.10.9 Flow rate of cooling tower circulation pipe, may take following values.
1 Circulation main pipe diameter greater or equals 250mm, it shall be 1.5~2.0m/s; pipe
diameter greater than 250mm, less than 500mm, shall be 2.0~2.5m/s; pipe diameter is greater or
equals 500mm, shall be 2.5~3.0m/s.
2 When circulation water pump sucks water from cooling tower collecting basin, flow rate of
suction pipe may be 1.0~1.2m/s; when circulation water pump sucks water directly from circulating
pipe, and suction pipe diameter smaller or equals 250mm, flow rate may be 1.0~1.5m/s. When
suction pipe diameter greater than 250mm, flow rate may take 1.5~2.0m/s. Flow rate of pump outlet
pipe may take the lower limit of main pipe flow rate.
3.10.10 Design of collection basin of cooling tower should comply with following demands:
1 Volume of collecting basin should be determined based upon the sum of Item 1 and 2
below, and it shall meet the requirements of Item 3:
(1) Distribution water apparatus and filler of shower water quantity may be determined based
upon 1.2~1.5% of circulation water quantity.
(2) Water volume of pipe flowed in due to gravity during termination of pumping;
(3) Least submerged depth of pump suction pipe end should be determined based upon flow
rate of suction pipe. When flow rate is less than 0.6m/s, least submerged depth should not less
than 0.3m; when flow rate is equals to 1.2m/s, least submerged depth should not less than 0.6m.
2 Selection cooling tower product, should comply with present article section 1 regulation,
check the volume of collection basin, if it can’t meet the demand, depth of the basin should be
increased or set up other collection basin.
3 Many cooling towers connect in parallel without collecting basin, connection pipe should
be installed between towers; where connection pipe cannot be arranged, the diameter of main
return pipe shall be enlarged one grade; the connection of connection pipe or return pipe and outlet
pipe of each towers should be top connected with pipe top at the same level. Are suction
preventive device at outlet of tower should be installed.
4 Replenish water pipe, sluice pipe, sewer and over flow pipe should be installed at each
cooling tower (set). Float valve or replenish water tank may be taken for water replenishment.
Several cooling tower possess one public collection basin, one set of replenish water pipe, sluice
pipe, sewer and over flow pipe may be provided.
3.10.11 Replenish water of cooling tower may be calculated according to following formula:

qbc = q z N n /( N n − 1 ) (3.10.11)

Where qbc ——Replenish water quantify (m3/h);

q z ——Evaporation water loss (m3/h);

q p ——Drainage water loss (m3/h);

3
q f ——Wind blow water loss (m /h);

45
 N n ——Concentration multiple, designed concentration multiple may not be less.

than 3.0.
Note: Replenish water for building air condition, freezing apparatus, usually may be determined according to
1~2% of circulating cooling water.
3.10.11A Make-up water main for cooling tower shall be arranged with metering device like
watermeter.
3.10.12 Building air condition system’s circulation cooling water system shall be taken with
water treatment facilities like filtering, corrosion mitigation, scale delay, sterilization and alga
removing.
3.10.13 By pass treatment water quantity may be calculated respectively based upon removal of
suspended matters or soluble solid. When suspended matters is removed by filtration, the filter
water may be 1~5% of cooling circulation water.

3.11 Waterscape

3.11.1 Water quality of waterscape should meet the relevant water quality standard of
waterscape; otherwise, water purification treatment shall be taken.
3.11.2 Water provided for fountain should be used cyclically. The replenishing water of
circulation system should be determined according to the loss amount of evaporation, wind effect,
leakage, sewage drainage; for indoor it may be taken as 1~3% of circulating flow, for outdoor it
should be taken as 3%~5% of circulation flow.
3.11.3 Waterscape engineering should be according to nozzle’s shape arranged in group. Each
group nozzle of fountain, operated independently, should shall have same specification.
3.11.4 (Deleted)
3.11.5 Circulating water pump of waterscape engineering may be provided with submerged
pump, directly set at pool bottom. The water area involved by people in entertainment waterscape.
The flow and head of circulation water pump should be determined according of nozzle shape,
height of water jet, diameter and number of nozzles and head loss of pipe system.
3.11.6 When domestic drinking water is used to replenish water of waterscape pool, preventive
back flow pollution device should be installed, and water metering device shall be arranged on
replenish pipe.
3.11.7 Waterscape pool, with requirements in water level control and water replenishing, should
be provided with pipes like replenish pipe, over flow pipe, sluice pipe. Around the pool may
provide drainage facilities.
3.11.8 Operation mood of waterscape may be designed as manual control. Program or noise
control, control panel should be set in control room where should be aridity and ventilated.
3.11.9 Waterfall, fountain, stream etc. waterscape engineering design should comply with
following demands:
1 Design circulati0on flow should be 1.2 time of calculated flow.
2 Design of pool should comply with article 3.11.6 and 3.11.7 demand of this code.
3 Electric control may be set in nearby room.
3.11.10 Stainless steel or anti-corrosive pipe material may be provided for waterscape
engineering.

46
 4 Water Drainage

4.1 Selection of drainage system

4.1.1 Domestic drainage and rain water separation system drainage should be adopted for the
drainage system of sub-district.
4.1.2 Newly built building with following conditions may select domestic sewage water and
domestic wastewater split drainage system:
1 Higher sanitary standard for building’s nature of use.
2 The amount of domestic waste is relatively large, and the sanitation department requires
that domestic sewage water needs to be treated by septic tank of towards discharge into town
drainage pipe.
3 Domestic wastewater needs to be reuse.
4.1.3 Following building drainage should be individually discharged into treatment or reuse plant:
1 Staff dining hall and dining restaurant kitchen-wash wastewater containing great quantity
of grease.
2 Mechanical automatic vehicle washing water.
3 Hospital sewage contains disease germ, radio active pollutant beyond discharge standard.
4 Water temperature exceeds 40°C boiler, eater heater etc. heating facilities discharge water.
5 Domestic sewage for the source of recycle water.
6 Harmful and toxic waste water in laboratory.
4.1.4 Building rain water pipe should be individually provided, the recycling of rain water may
comply with current national standard” Engineering technical code for rain utilization in building
sub-district” GB 50400.
4.2 Sanitary fixture and water lock

4.2.1 The number of sanitary fixture, which need to be installed must meet the requirement fixed
in current relevant design standard, code or regulations.
4.2.2 Quality of material and technical requirements of sanitary fixture all should meet the
requirements of current relevant concerning product fixed standard.
4.2.3 Selection of closet bowl should be determined based upon usage of user, location, building
standard etc. factors. Water saving closet bowl should all be selected.
4.2.4 (This article was deleted)
4.2.5 (This article was deleted)
4.2.6 Sanitary fixture with out water lock connects with domestic sewer or other drainpipe
with harmful was, water lock must be provided underneath its outlet, the depth of water
lock must not be less than 50mm. Using movable machinery sealing to replace water sealing
is prohibited.
4.2.7A Water seal shall not be re-arranged on the drainage pipe section of sanitary fixtures.
4.2.8 Installation height of sanitary fixture may be determined according to Table 4.2.8.
Table 4.2.8 Installation height of sanitary fixture

47
 Height from brim of sanitary fixture to
floor(mm)
Order Name of sanitary fixture

Dwelling and
Kindergarten
public building
1 Elevated sewage tub(basin)(up to upper brim) 800 800
2 Floor type sewage tub(basin)(up to upper brim) 500 500
3 Wash sink tub(basin)(up to upper brim) 800 200
4 Wash hand basin(up to upper brim) 800 500
5 Wash basin(up to upper brim) 800 500
6 Wash stand (up to upper brim) 800 500
7 Bath tub (up to upper brim) 480 —
Bath tub for the disabled (up to upper brim) 450 —
Massage bath tub (up to upper brim) 450 —
Shower tub (up to upper brim) 100 —
8 Squatting pan, toilet bowl(from stop surface up
to the bottom of elevated water tank) 1800 1800
9 Squatting pan (from stop surface up to the bottom
of elevated water tank) 900 900
10 Closet bowl(up to bottom of low tank)
With visible discharge pipe 510
With siphon jet 470 —
With fall down 510 370
With spiral flow one piece type 250 —
11 Closet bowl(up to upper brim) —
With visible discharge pipe 400 —
With siphon jet 380 —
With fall down 380 —
With spiral flow one piece type 360 —
For the disabled 450 —
Squatting wc pan(up to upper brim)
12 2 foot step 320
1 foot step 200~270
Closet trough (from surface of step up to bottom of wash No less than 2000 —
13
tank)
14 Vertical urinal (up to upper brim of reception 100 —
basin) —
15 Hang up type urinal (up to upper brim of reception 600 450
basin) 150
16 Urinal through (up to step surface) 200 —

17 Basin for laboratory test Vertical urinal (up to 800

upper brim) —

48
 18 Bidet(up to upper brim) 360 —
19 Drinker(up to upper brim) 1000

4.3 Pipe location and pipelining

4.3.1 Sub-district drainage pipe location should be determined vase upon plan of district,
elevation of topography, direction of drainage flow, according to short pipeline, shallow depth,
and gravity flow principles. Where drainage pipe can not flow into the municipal drainage
pipeline in gravity drainage, draining pump rooms shall be arranged.
Note: under special circumstances, if reasonable in technical and economical comparison, vacuum
drainage system may be adopted.
4.3.2 Minimum earth cover depth of pipe of sub-district should be determined base upon class of
road traffic, bearing Capacity of pipe material, bearing power of sub-soil etc. conditions, should
comply with following requirements:
1 Pipeline under district main road and branch road, its earth cover depth may be not less
than 0.70m.
2 Domestic sewage family connection pipe earth cover depth must be not higher than 0.15m
to the frost line and the earth cover depth may be not less than 0.30m.
Note: when adopting buried plastic pipeline, the burying depth of discharge pipe may not be
0.50 m higher above the soil frost line.
4.3.3 Location of drainage pipe inside the building should meet following demands:
1 Distance between sanitary fixture and drainage pipe should be the shortest and least pipe
turn.
2 Drainage vertical pipe may be set nearby the maximum discharged quantity drainage point.
3 Drainage pipeline must not be laid in the factory building with special demands for
production process of hygienic request, and in the food and precious commodity store house, vent
room, electrical machinery house and elevator machine room.
4 The drainage pipe must not pass through settlement joint, expansion joint, deformation
joint, smoke duct and vent duct. Where drainage pipeline must cross settlement joint, expansion
joint and deformation joint, corresponding technical measures shall be adopted;
5 The buried drainage pipe must not be arranged in such place where it is easy to be damaged
by heavy load or pass through equipment foundation.
6 The drainage vertical pipeline must not pass through the living room and dining room of a
house and may not be close to neighboring internal wall of bed room.
7 The drainage pipe may not pass through show window, ward robe.
8 Plastic vertical pipe should not be laid where it is easy to be damaged by mechanical stroke,
when it is not permitted, protective devices should be taken.
9 Plastic drainage pipe should be laid away from heating source, where it is mot permitted,
heat insulation device should be provided as the temperature of pipe surface exceeds 60°C. Net
clearance between plastic pipe and edge of kitchen stove must not be less than 0.4m.
10 Where condensation of moisture may occur on the surface of drainage pipe,
anti-condensation device should be taken base upon the nature of building and demand.
4.3.3A Drainage pipeline shall not penetrate bedroom.
4.3.4 The drainage pipeline shall not penetrate the upper part of drinking water tank.

49
4.3.5 The drainage pipe must not be managed over the row material, products and
equipment that will burn, explode when they fall into contact with water.
4.3.6 The drainage horizontal pipe must not be managed over the place in dinning hall,
canteen’s kitchen where the staple and non- staple food are to be operated, cooked and
prepared. If conditions do not permit, correspondent technical measures must be taken.
4.3.6A The drainage stand pipe of kitchen and toilet shall be respectively arranged.
4.3.7 The drainage pipe may be barred underground or in the packing course of floor slab or
managed visibly on the ground, under floor, if the architectural requires, may be concealed in pipe
chase, pipe shaft, pipe cannel or furred ceiling and elevated level, but it should be easy to install,
inspect and repair. At the high temperature region, non-freezing in winter, it may be laid along the
exterior wall of building.
4.3.8 Drainage pipe of sanitary fixture of domestic toilet may not pass through floor into other
family. With the following cases, the drainage horizontal branch pipes of sanitary fixtures shall be
arranged same-story drainage;
1 Where the drainage pipes of sanitary fixtures in the residential toilet are required not to
penetrate the floor slab to enter other's house;
2 Where they are restricted by the conditions according to the provisions of Article 4.3.3 A～
Article 4.3.6.
4.3.8A The drainage type of residential toilet on the same story shall be determined according to
the factors such as the layout of toilet and sanitary fixtures, outdoor environment and temperature,
and by technical and economical comparison.
4.3.8B The drainage design on the same story shall meet the following requirements:
1 Ground leakage facilities shall meet the requirements of Article 4.5.7～Article 4.5.10 A in
this code;
2 The pipe diameter, gradient and maximum design fullness of drainage pipeline shall meet
the requirements of Article 4.4.9, 4.4.10 and 4.4.12 of this code;
3 The layout and arranged elevation of fixture drainage horizontal branch pipe shall not cause
drainage decaying, ground leakage and overflow;
4 The pipelines buried in packing course shall not adopt rubber ring sealing interface;
5 Where drainage horizontal branch pipes are arranged in trench, the backfill material and
surface layer shall be able to bear the load of fixture and equipment;
6 Toilet flooring shall be adopt reliable seepage prevention measures.
4.3.9 Connection of indoor pipes should meet following regulations:
1 Oblique 90°T should be used for sanitary fixture drainage pipe vertically connect with
horizontal drainage pipe directly.
2 Oblique 45°T or oblique 45°T cross and leeward T or leeward cross is used for the
connection of horizontal pipe and vertical pipe of drainage pipeline.
3 Connection between drainage vertical pipe and outlet pipe base, two 45°elbows or 90°bend
of curvature radius no less than four times of pipe diameter or 90° reducing bend may be used.
4 The axis of drainage stand pipe should not be offset, when condition do not permit, an
offset Z shape pipe or two 45° bend may be used to connect.
5 Where the drainage branch pipe connect with horizontal main, drainage vertical pipe
connects with horizontal main, shall be at the level of horizontal main pipe top or within two side
45° scope adopting 45° oblique T to connect.

50
4.3.10 Expansion joint should be provided with plastic drainage pipe base upon expansion
coefficient, expansion joint may be set at fitting collection spot. Drainage horizontal pipe should
provide special expansion joint.
Note: 1Where rubber seal auxiliaries are adopted for drainage pipeline, expansion joints may
not be arranged;
2 Buried indoor pipe needs no expansion joint.
4.3.11 Where plastic drainage pipes pass through building floor, fire preventive wall, and pipe
shaft wall, base upon nature of building, pipe diameter, installation condition and demand of fire
penetrating part degree fire preventive devices are provided.
4.3.12 Nearby drainage vertical pipe base connection of drainage branch pipes, should comply
with following demands:
1 The vertical distance from the lowest drainage horizontal branch pipe of drainage stand
pipe and the connecting point of stand pipe to the drainage stand pipe bottom shall not be less than
those specified in Table 4.3.12.
Table 4.3.12 Minimum vertical distance between the lowest horizontal branch pipe and junction to
vertical pipe base
Story number of connection of vertical pipe Vertical distance (m)
with sanitary fixtures Only with stack vent With vent stack
≤4 0.45 Determined according to the
5～6 0.75 minimum installation dimension
7～12 1.20 of auxiliaries
13～19 3.00 0.75
≥20 3.00 1.20
Note: The pipe diameter of the outlet pipe of single drainage stand pipe should be the same with that of
drainage stand pipe.
2 When the branch drainage pipe is connected with outlet pipe or horizontal drainage main,
the horizontal distance between junction and base of vertical pipe shall not be less than 1.5m and
must not be less than 1.5m.
3 Horizontal branch pipe connects with horizontal main pipe in the pipe section turn to
vertical, the distance between connection point and turning point should not be less than 0.6m.
4 Under the following circumstances, the bottom drainage branch pipe shall individually
discharge to outdoor manhole or effective measures to prevent back pressure shall be adopted;
1) The junction of drainage vertical pipe base and drainage branch pipe can’t meet the
demands fixed in present article section 1 and 2;
2) Where there is 90°level turning pipe section on the outlet pipe and drainage horizontal
pipe with 1.5m from the bottom of drainage stand pipe.
4.2.12A Where internal spiral pipe is adopted for drainage stand pipe, long bend reducing joint
should be adopted for the drainage stand pipe bottom, and the outlet pipe diameter should be
amplified one time.
4.3.13 Drainage pipe of following structures and facilities must not be directly with sewage
waste pipe system, indirect drainage system should based:
1 Sluice pipe and overflow pipe of domestic drinking water storage tank (reservoir).
2 Drainage of boiler, hot-water heater.
3 Drainage of hospital bactericidal disaffection equipment.

51
 4 Drainage of cool condensed water of evaporation cooler, air-condition equipment.
5 Drainage of ground surface of cold storage of food or beverage and drainage of
melted frost water pan of cold air machine.
4.3.14 Equipment indirect drainage may discharge into nearby wash basin, drainer. When it is
impossible, drain ditch, drain funnel or vessels may be provided. The funnel or container for
indirect drainage shall not generate splash and overflow, and shall be arranged on the position
easy for inspection and clean.
4.3.15 Minimum air gap of indirect drainage hole should be determined according to Table
4.3.15.
Table 4.3.14 Indirect drainage hole Minimum air gap
Diameter of indirect drainage pipe (mm) Minimum air gap in drainage hole (mm)

≤25 50
32～50 100
>50 150

Note: The minimum air gap of indirect drainage hole of water storage tank for preparation of beverage must
be not less than 150mm.
4.3.16 Domestic waster under following conditions may be discharged into drain ditch with
cover:
1 Wastewater contains large amount of suspended matters or sediments and need constantly
washout.
2 A large number of equipment drainage branches, difficult for pipe junction.
3 Equipment drainage point position is not fixed.
4 Need constant washout ground surface.
4.3.17 Wastewater may contain fiber or big matters, grid mesh or screen should be provided at
the junction of drainage pipe.
4.3.18 Connection of outdoor drainage pipe should meet following demands:
1 Connection between drainage pipe and drainage pipe, manhole connection should be used.
2 Outdoor drainage may connect with pipe top in same level, except flow with waterfall.
3 The elevation of drainage pipe top must not be lower than the elevation of outdoor joining
family pipe top.
4 Flow oblique angle at junction point must not be greater than 90°. When the drainage pipe
diameter is less than or equal to 300mm, and flow fall exceeds 0.3m, degree if angle is not limited.
4.3.19 Indoor drain ditch and outdoor drainage junction, water lock device should be
provided.
4.3.20 Drainage pipe passes through basement wall or underground structure wall, waterseal
device should be provided.
4.3.21 The settlement of building may cause reverse slope of drainage pipe, preventive measures
should be taken.
4.3.22 Sleeve is used for drainage pipe passing over building floors, pipe base should be
supported and fixed. Basement vertical pipe and turning point of drainage horizontal pipe support
and fixed measure are provided.

4.4 Calculation of drainage pipe

52
4.4.1 Rated outflow of domestic drainage system of sub-district should be the 85%～95% of
corresponded rated water consumption of domestic water supply system.
The hourly variation coefficient of domestic drainage system of sub-district shall be the same of
corresponded domestic water supply system, it should be determined according to Article 3.1.2
and 3.1.3 of this code.
4.4.2 Rated flow of domestic sewage of public building and it hourly variation coefficient is the
same of hourly variation coefficient of rated domestic water supply water consumption of public
building, it should be determined according to Article 3.1.10 of this code.
4.4.3 Design flow of domestic sewage of residential district should be determined base upon the
sum of residential domestic sewage maximum hourly flow and public building domestic sewage
maximum hourly flow.
4.4.4 Sanitary fixture out flow, equivalent and drainage pipe diameter should be determined base
upon Table 4.4.4
Table 4.4.4 Sanitary fixture out flow, equivalent and drainage pipe diameter
Order Name of sanitary fixture Out flow Equivalent Drainage pipe
diameter (mm)
1 Wash sink, sewage tub (basin) 0.33 1.0 50
2 Dinning hall kitchen wash tub (basin)
One compartment wash tub (basin) 0.67 2.00 50
Double compartment wash tub (basin) 1.00 3.00 50
3 Washstand (each cock) 0.33 1.00 50-75
4 Wash hand tub 0.10 0.30 32-50
5 Wash face tub 0.25 0.75 32-50
6 Bath tub 1.00 3.00 50
7 Shower fitting 0.15 0.45 50
8 Closet bowl
Flushing tank 1.50 4.50 100
Self closing flush valve 1.20 3.60 100
9 Hospital use excrement apparatus 1.50 4.50 100
10 Urinal
With self closing washing valve 0.10 0.30 40-50
With induction washing valve 0.10 0.30 40-50
11 Closet trough
≤4 squats 2.50 7.50 100
>4 squats 3.00 9.00 150

Table 4.4.4 (continued)

Order Name of sanitary fixture Out flow Equivalent Drainage pipe
diameter(mm)
12 Urinal trough(one meter length)

self washing tank 0.17 0.50 —

13 Laboratory test basin(without cock) 0.20 0.60 40～50

53
 14 Bidet 0.10 0.30 40～50
15 Drinker 0.05 0.15 25～50
16 House hold washing machine 0.50 1.50 50
Note: The diameter of drainage hose of house hold washing machine is 30mm, with the internal diameter of
up drainage flexible pipe is 19mm.
4.4.5 Building domestic sewage design second flow of dwelling, dormitory(category Ⅰ and Ⅱ),
hotel, guest house, serviced apartment, hospital, sanatorium, kindergarten, old age pension, office
building, market, library, book shop, transit center, airport terminal, expo-center, school building
canteen or dining restaurant etc. should be calculated according to the following formula:

q p = 0.12 a N p + qmax (4.4.5)

Where q p ——Calculated pipe section sewage design second flow (L/S);

N p ——Calculated pipe section sanitary fixture drainage total equivalent;

α——Coefficient, which base upon usage of building, is determined according to

Table 4.4.5.
Table 4.4.5 Coefficient a determined by usage of building
Name of building Water closet of dwelling(category Ⅰ and Ⅱ), guest Public toilet and closet of hotel and
house, serviced apartment, hospital, sanatorium, other public buildings
kindergarten, old age pension
a value 1.5 2.0～2.5
Note: When the calculated flow is greater than the accumulated out flow of sanitary fixture of the pipe section,
the value of accumulated out flow of sanitary fixture of this pipe section must be taken when
calculating.
4.4.6 The calculated domestic sewage design second flow of living area of dormitory(category
Ⅲ and Ⅳ), industrial enterprises, public bath room, launch, kitchen of public dinning hall or
canteen, laboratory, cinema, stadium, waiting room (air plane, ship) etc. should be calculated
according to the following formula:

q p = ∑ qo N o b (4.4.6)

Where

qo ——Outflow of similar sanitary fixture (L/S);

no ——Number of similar sanitary fixtures;

b——Simultaneous drainage percentage of sanitary fixtures which must be taken

according to article 3.6.6 of present code. The simultaneous drainage Capacity of closet bowl of
wash tank should be calculated according to 12%.
Note: When the calculated drainage flow is less than the drainage flow of one closet bowl, it should e
calculated according to the drainage flow of one closet bowl
4.4.7 The hydraulic calculation of horizontal drainage pipe should be according to the following
formula:
Qp=A·v (4.4.7-1)

54
 ν =1n R 2 / 3 I 1 / 2 (4.4.7-2)

Where A—— Discharge section of pipeline in design fullness (m2)

ν ——Velocity (m/s);
R——Hydraulic radius;
I——Hydraulic slope taking the slope of drainage pipe;
n——Roughness coefficient, 0.013 for cast iron pipe, 0.013~0.014 for concrete,
R.C. pipe, 0.012 for steel pipe, 0.009 for plastic pipe.
4.4.8 Minimum pipe diameter, minimum designed slope, and maximum designed degree of
fullness of sub-district out door domestic drainage pipe, may be determined according to Table
4.4.8.
Table 4.4.8 Sub-district out door drainage pipe’s minimum pipe diameter, minimum designed slope and
maximum designed degree of fullness
Type of pipe Pipe material Minimum pipe Minimum designed Maximum designed
diameter (mm) slope degree of fullness
House hold pipe Buried plastic pipe 160 0.05
Concrete pipe 150 0.07 0.5
Branch pipe Buried plastic pipe 160 0.05
Concrete pipe 200 0.04
Main pipe Buried plastic pipe 200 0.04 0.55
Concrete pipe 300 0.03
Note: 1 House hold pipe diameter must not be less than building out flow pipe diameter.
2 The value of the minimum design gradient of septic-tank and the sewage pipe of the first manhole
connected with it: where the pipe diameter is 150mm, it should be 0.10, and where the pipe diameter is 200mm,
it should be 0.010.
4.4.9 Building domestic sewage cast iron pipeline’s minimum slope and maximum designed
degree of fullness may be determined according to Table 4.4.9.
Table 4.4.9 Building domestic sewage cast iron pipeline’s minimum slope and maximum designed degree of
fullness
Pipe diameter (mm) General slope Minimum slope Maximum designed
degree of fullness
50 0.035 0.025
75 0.025 0.015
0.5
100 0.020 0.012
125 0.015 0.010
150 0.010 0.007
0.6
200 0.008 0.005

4.4.10 The standard slope of adhesive bonded and welded connected building plastic drainage
horizontal branch pipe shall be 0.026. The slope of rubber ring sealing connected drainage
horizontal main pipe may be adjusted based upon Table 4.4.10.
Table 4.4.10 Building drainage plastic horizontal pipe minimum slope, general slope and maximum
designed degree of fullness

55
 Exterior diameter General slope Minimum slope Maximum designed degree of fullness
50 0.025 0.0120 0.5
75 0.015 0.0070
110 0.012 0.0040
125 0.010 0.0035
160 0.007 0.0030 0.6
200 0.005 0.0030
250 0.005 0.0030
315 0.005 0.0030
4.4.11 Domestic drainage vertical pipe’s maximum design drainage capacity should be
determined according to Table 4.4.11. Diameter of vertical pipe must not be less than the
connected horizontal branch pipe diameter.
Table 4.4.11 maximum drainage capacity of domestic drainage stand pipe
System type of drainage stand pipe Maximum drainage capacity (L/S)

Pipe diameter of drainage stand pipe (mm)

50 75 100(110) 125 150(160)
Stack vent Connection 90°Sweep Tee 0.8 1.3 3.2 4.0 5.7
fittings of 45°Inclined Tee 1.0 1.7 4.0 5.2 7.4
stand pipe
and
horizontal
branch pipe
Special vent Special vent Connect with vent pipe each — — 5.5 — —
pipe 75mm story
Connect with vent pipe — 3.0 4.4 — —
every two stories
Special vent Connect with vent pipe each — — 8.8 — —
pipe 100mm story
Connect with vent pipe — — 4.8 — —
every two stories
Main and auxiliary vent stack ＋ annular vent pipe — — 11.5 — —
Self-circulating vent Special vent type — — 4.4 — —
Annular vent type — — 5.9 — —
Special single stack Mixer — — 4.5 — —
Internal spiral Ordinary type — 1.7 3.5 — 8.0
pipe ＋ Reinforcing — — 6.3 — —
swirler type

Table 4.4.11-1 Cast iron drainage vertical pipe’s maximum out flow Capacity with vent pipe system
Drainage vertical pipe Out flow Capacity (L/S)
diameter (mm) With merely vent pipe through roof With special vent pipe or main vent pipe
50 1.0 —

56
 75 2.5 5
100 4.5 9
125 7.0 14
150 10.0 25
Table 4.4.11-2 Plastic drainage vertical pipe’s maximum out flow Capacity with vent pipe system
Drainage vertical pipe Out flow Capacity (L/S)
diameter (mm) With merely vent pipe through roof With special vent pipe or main vent pipe
50 1.2 —
75 3.0 —
90 3.8 —
110 5.4 10.0
125 7.5 16.0
160 12.0 28.0
Note: Out flow Capacity values listed in the table is based upon the base of pipe is enlarged one grade, then it
is not enlarged, may be determined according to Table 4.4.11-1.
Table 4.4.11-3 Single vertical pipe drainage system’s vertical pipe maximum out flow Capacity
Drainage vertical pipe Out flow Capacity (L/S)
diameter (mm) With mixed apparatus With plastic screw pipe With spiral flow apparatus
75 — 3.0 —
100 6.0 6.0 7.0
125 9.0 — 10.0
150 13.0 13.0 15.0
Table 4.4.11-4 Domestic drainage vertical pipe’s maximum out flow Capacity without vent
Working height of vertical Out flow Capacity
pipe (m) Vertical pipe diameter
50 75 100 125 150
≤2 1.00 1.70 3.80 5.00 7.00
3 0.64 1.35 2.40 3.40 5.00
4 0.50 0.92 1.76 2.70 3.50
5 0.40 0.70 1.36 1.90 2.80
6 0.40 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.20
7 0.40 0.50 0.76 1.20 2.00
≥8 0.40 0.50 0.64 1.00 1.40
Note: where the drainage story number is more than 15, coefficient 0.9 shall be multiplied.
1 Working height of drainage vertical pipe is the calculated distance between highest drainage horizontal branch
pipe connected with vertical pipe and the centerline of out let pipe.
2 Maximum out flow Capacity of drainage vertical pipe may be determined by interpolation of two
adjacent values.
3 Drainage pipe diameter is 100mm, its plastic pipe exterior diameter is 110mm, drainage pipe diameter
is 150mm, it plastic pipe exterior diameter is 160mm.
4.4.12 Closet bowl drainage minimum pipe diameter must not be less than 100mm.
4.4.13 Out flow minimum pipe diameter from building must not be less than 50mm.

57
4.4.14 Multiple floor kitchen vertical pipe diameter must mot be less than 75mm.
4.4.15 Drainage horizontal pipe of following places, pipe diameter should be determined
according to following demands:
1 Where drainage pipe without vent of building base floor individually discharges, horizontal
branch pipe diameter may be determined according to table 4.4.15 working height≤2m’s value.
Table 4.4.15 Maximum design drainage capacity of horizontal pipes without vent pipes at the bottom and
discharge separately
Pipe diameter of drainage horizontal branch pipe (mm) 50 75 100 125 150

Maximum design drainage capacity (L/s) 1.0 1.7 2.5 3.5 4.8

2 Where public dinning hall kitchen sewage adopted pipeline for drainage, the pipe diameter
is one grade greater than calculated diameter, the main must not be less than 100mm, the branch
less than 75mm.
3 Hospital washing tub (basin) drainage pipe diameter must not be less than 75mm.
4 Urinal trough or connected with 3 and more than 3 urinals, sewage branch pipe diameter
may not be less than 75mm.
5 Both pools out flow pipe diameter may be 100mm.

4.5 Pipe material fittings and inspection well

4.5.1 Selection of drainage pipe material should comply with following demands:
1 Sub-district outdoor drainage pipeline shall give priority to buried drainage plastic pipe
should be the optimization for ;
2 Building indoor drainage pipeline, building drainage plastic pipe and fitting or flexible joint
drainage cast iron pipe and fitting should be used.
3 When drainage water temperature exceeds 40°, metallic drainage pipe or heat resistant
plastic pipe should be used.
4 Pressure-proof plastic pipe, metallic pipe or plastic-steel duplex tube may be adopted for
pressure drainage pipeline.
4.5.2 Outdoor drainage pipeline connection with following conditions shall be installed with
inspection well:
1 Pipe-turn and connect with branch pipes.
2 Change of pipe diameter, change of sloe.4
4.5.2A Sub-district domestic drainage inspection well shall give priority to drainage inspection
well.
4.5.3 Out door drainage pipeline with pipe diameter less than 160mm, distance between two
inspection well may not be greater than 30m. Pipe diameter equals 200mm, the distance may be
greater than 40m.
4.5.4 Domestic drainage pipeline inspection well must not be set up inside the building, when it
must be set up, scaled measures should be taken.
4.5.5 Inspection well diameter should be determined according to connecting pipe diameter,
number and buried depth. Well depth equals or less than 1.0m, its diameter may not be less than
0.7m.
Note: Well depth is the depth from top face of cover to the well base, square well internal diameter means
length of in side.

58
4.5.6 Flow channel should be provided in the inspection well of domestic drainage pipeline.
4.5.7 Water closet, wash room, sanitary room and other rooms etc. need ground surface drainage,
floor basin should be provided.
4.5.8 Floor basin should be set up near the sprinkling fixture’s lowest floor surface.
4.5.8A Special ground leakage for washing machine drainage or washing machine drainage trap
shall be arranged in dwelling suite according to the position of the washing machine, and drainage
pipeline shall not be connected with indoor rain drainage pipeline.
4.5.9 Floor basin with water lock its depth must not be less than 50mm.
4.5.10 Selection of floor basin should comply with following demands:
1 Ground leakage with dry prevention shall be the priority selection.
2 In the place without quiet requirement and where annular vent pipe and appliance vent pipe
are not required, multichannel ground leakage may be adopted;
3 Screen floor basin may be taken for the dinning hall, kitchen and public bathroom.
4.5.10A Bell jar type ground leakage is prohibited.
4.5.11 Out flow Capacity of floor basin may be determined according to Table 4.5.11. When
drain ditch is used, 8 showers may set up one 100mm diameter floor basin.
Table 4.5.11 Floor basin pipe diameter of shower room
Number of showers (pcs) Floor basin pipe diameter (mm)
1~2 50
3 75
4~5 100
4.5.12 On the domestic sewage pipeline, access eye opening and clean out opening should be
arranged according to following regulations:
1 Case iron drainage vertical pipe distance between access eye opening may not be greater
than 10m, plastic vertical pipe may be one opening for each six stories. Access eye opening should
be arranged in the lowest story of the building and highest story of more than two story and above
with sanitary fixtures, when vertical pipe will be provided with offsets or Z-shape pipe, access eye
opening should be managed at the upper part of the offsets and Z-shape pipe on that story.
2 Clean out opening may be arranged on the cast iron drainage horizontal pipe linked with 2
and more than 2 closet bowls or 3 and more than 3 sanitary fixtures.
3 Access eye opening or clean out opining should be arranged at the drainage horizontal pipe
with oblique flow angle greater than 45.
Note: May be substituted by turning angle accessory with clean out opening.
4 Clean out opening should be arranged when the maximum length between drainage vertical
pipe base or outlet pipe’s clean out opening and outdoor inspection well’s center is greater than
the values listed in Table 4.5.12-1.
Table 4.5.12-1 Maximum length between drainage vertical pipe or clean out opening and outdoor in
inspection well’s center is
Pipe diameter (mm) 50 75 100 100 above
Max. Length (m) 10 12 15 20
5 The maximum distance between two access eye or clean out opening on the straight pipe
section of drainage horizontal pipe should comply with Table 4.5.12-2.
4.5.13 Clean out openings are arranged on the drainage pipeline, it should comply with
following regulations:

59
 1 Clean out opening of drainage horizontal pipe, it may be disposed flat on floor or on
ground level. The distance between the clean out opening disposed at the starting point of drainage
pipe and the wall perpendicular to the horizontal pipe must be not less than 0.2m.
Note: Where it is difficult to arrange cleanout opening because of the suspension of drainage
horizontal pipe on the transfer story or the basement top plate,cleanout opening may be replaced
by inspection opening.
2 When a stopper will be disposed at the starting point of drainage pipe instead of clean out
opening, the distance between the stopper and wall should not be less than 0.4m.
Table 4.5.12-2 Drainage horizontal straight pipe section maximum distance between two access eye opening
or clean out opening
Pipe diameter (mm) Type of clean equipment Distance (m)

Domestic wastewater Domestic sewage water

50-75 Access eye opening 15 12
Clean out opening 10 8
100-150 Access eye opening 20 15
Clean out opening 15 10
200 Access eye opening 25 20
3 The dimension of clean out opening arranged on the drainage pipe with diameter less than
100mm, should be the same as the diameter of pipe; the dimension of clean out opening arranged
on the drainage pipe with diameter equal to or more than 100mm should be 100mm.
4 Cast iron drainage pipe’s clean out opening, its material should be copper, hard density
unplasticized polyvinyl chloride pipeline’s clean out opening, its material should be the same as
pipe.
5 Connection pipe fitting of drainage horizontal pipe connects with clean out pining should
be the same diameter, 45° oblique T and 45° bend or two 45° bends composite fitting are used.
4.5.14 Access eye opening of drainage pipe should comply with following regulations:
1 Access eye opening on vertical pipe should be disposed 1.00m above the floor and should
be 0.15m higher than the edge of sanitary fixture.
2 Access eye opening of buried horizontal pipe, it should be disposed in a brick masonry
well.
Note: Airtight plastic drainage inspection well may be adopted to replace inspection opening.

3 Access eye opening of basement vertical pipe, it should be disposed above the base of pipe.
4 Cover of access eye opening for vertical pipe should be faced to the direction easy to clean
out, for horizontal pipe opening should be perpendicularly upward.

4.6 Vent pipe

4.6.1 Top of domestic drainage vertical pipe, extension vent pipe passing through roof should be
provided
4.6.1A In particular cases, where stack vent can not extrude roof, the following venting mode may be arranged:
1 In the arrangement of sidewall ventilation, the ventilation pipe opening shall meet the requirements of
Clause 2 of Article 4. 6. 10 in this code;
2 After arranged into confluent vent pipe in the room, the stack ven shall extrude from sidewall and extend to

60
the roof above;
3 Where Clause 1 and 2 in this article are impractical, self-circulating vent pipeline system may be arranged.
4.6.2 Vent stack or special single stack drainage system for special auxiliaries shall be
arranged under following conditions:
1 Domestic drainage vertical pipe undertakes designed flow of sanitary fixture drainage,
when it exceeds Table 4.4.11 of this code, Table 4.4.11-2 listed merely extension passing through
roof vent pipe’s maximum drainage Capacity, special vent vertical pipe should be arranged.
2 Toilets of building requiring a higher standard with multiple stories dwelling and public
buildings, 10 story and more than 10 story this domestic sewage vertical pipe shall arrange special
vent vertical pipe.
4.6.3 Ring vent pipe should be arranged on the following drainage pipe sections:
1 Connected with 4 and more than 4 sanitary fixtures and the horizontal branch pipe length
are greater than 12m’s drainage horizontal branch pipe.
2 Connected with 6 and more than 6 closet bowls sewage horizontal branch pipe.
3 Provided with sanitary fixture vent pipe.
4.6.4 The domestic drainage pipe inside the building requiring a higher level on hygienic and
quietness should provide with sanitary fixture vent pipe.
4.6.5 When inside building each floor drainage pipeline arranged ring type vent pipe, they
should be disposed to connect the main vent vertical pipe or vice main vertical vent pipe of each
floor ring type vent pipe.
4.6.6 (This article was deleted )
4.6.7 Vent vertical pipe must not accept fixture sewage, wastewater and rain rater, must not
connect with air conduit and smoke conduit.
4.6.8 Inside building absorb air valve must not be instead of vent pipe.
4.6.9 Connection of vent pipe and drainage pipe should comply with following regulations:
1 Fixture vent pipe should be arranged on the outlet end of water trap. Ring vent pipe should
be derived from the horizontal branch in extreme end between two sanitary fixtures and connect
with the drainage branch pipe over its center line perpendicular at angle of 45°.
2 Vent pipe for fixture, ring vent pipe should be linked with vertical vent pipe with upward
slope not less than 0.01m over the edge of sanitary fixture not less than 0.15m.
3 The upward ends of vent pipe for special use and main vent pipe should be linked with the
part of aeration use of vertical drainage pipe by mean of oblique tee on the upward edge of
sanitary fixture not less than 0.15m obove or over the accessing eye opening. The downward ends
should be linked with vertical drainage pipe by means of oblique tee under the lowest horizontal
drainage branch.
4 Binding vent pipe should be connected with the special vent stack and drainage stand
pipe in every story or every two stories, and should not be connected with main vent stack and
drainage stand pipe more than 8 stories; The downward ends of joint vent pipe should be linked
with vertical drainage pipe by means of oblique tee under horizontal drainage branch and its upward
end should be linked with vertical vent pipe by means of oblique tee over the upper edge of sanitary
fixture at a distance not less than 0.15m.
5 When H pipe fitting substitutes joint vent pipe, the joining point of H pipe and vent pipe
should be arranged on the upper edge of sanitary fixture not less than 0.15m.
6 When one piece vent pipe is used both for sewage vertical pipe and wastewater vertical

61
pipe, H pipe fitting may be joined every other floor with sewage vertical pipe and wastewater
vertical pipe. But under the lowest horizontal branch pipe connecting point, joint vent pipe should
be arranged.
4. 6. 9A Self circulation vent system, where special vent stack is adopted for the connection with
drainage stand pipe, the following requirements shall be met:
1 The top shall be connected with two 90° elbow at the place where is not less than 0.15 above the
top edge of sanitary fixture;
2 Vent stack shall be connected with drainage stand pipe every story according to the
requirements of Clause 4 and 5 in Article 4. 6. 9;
3 The lower end of vent stack shall be connected with converse downstream Tee or converse
inclined Tee on drainage horizontal main pipe or discharge pipe.

4.6.9B Self circulation vent system, where annular vent pipe is adopted for the connection with
drainage horizontal branch pipe, the following requirements shall be met:
1 The top of vent stack shall be connected according to the requirements of Clause 1 in Article
4.6.9 A of this code;
2 The outlet annular vent pipe at the downstream end of discharge branch pipe on each story shall
be connected with vent stack on where is not less than 0.15m above the top edge of sanitary
fixture; where horizontal branch pipe is connecting with twoo many sanitary fixtures and the
horizontal branch pipe is relatively long, and the requirements of annular vent pipe arrangement in
Article 4.6.3 of this code are met, annular vent pipe shall be connected on horizontal branch pipe
according to the requirements of Clause 1 and 2 in Article 4.6.9 of this code;
3 The connection of binding vent pipe shall meet the requirements of Clause 4 in Article 4.6.9 A
of this code;
4 The bottom of vent stack shall be connected according to the requirements of Clause 3 in Article
4.6.9 A of this code;
4.6.6C In the arrangement of self circulation venting drainage system for building, vent pipe
with the pipe diameter of not less than 100mm should be arranged on the initial inspection well of
outdoor service pipe.
Where vent pipe extends to the external wall of building , the ventilation pipe opening shall meet
the requirements of Clause 2 in Article 4. 6. 10 of this code; in the arrangement of other concealed
positons, they shall be not less than 2m above ground.
4.6.10 Vent pipe arranged higher than roof should comply with following regulations:
1 The height of air vent pipe above roof must not be less than 0.3m, and should be greater
than the thickness of snow, cap or hood should be installed at the top of vent pipe.
2 When there are windows or doors within 4m round the outlet of vent pipe, the vent pipe
outlet should be 0.6m higher than top of window or led to the side without window or door.
3 On the flat roof where people usually stay, the outlet of vent pipe should not be less than
2m above the roof, where stack vent is metal pipe, lighting protection should be installed
according to the lighting protection requirement.
4 The outlet of vent pipe should not be installed below the protrusive par of the building (e.g.
eave gutter, balcony and canopy etc.).
4.6.11 The minimum diameter of vent pipe should be less than 1/2 of drainage pipe diameter,
and may be determined base upon Table 4.6.11.

62
 Table 4.6.11 Minimum diameter of air vent pipe
Name of vent pipe Drainage pipe diameter (mm)
32 40 50 75 100 125 150
Vent for fixture 32 32 32 — 50 50 —
Ring vent pipe — — 32 40 50 50 —
Vertical air vent pipe — — 40 50 75 100 100

Note: 1 Vent vertical pipe listed in the table indicate special use air vent pipe, main air vent pipe, vice main
air vent pipe.
2 The pipe diameter of self-circulation vent stack shall be consistent with the that of the drainage stand
pipe.
4.6.12 The diameter of air vent pipe with a length grater than 50m, its diameter should be the
same as drainage vertical pipe.
4.6.13 When air vent pipe length is less than 50m, and two and more than two drainage vertical
pipes connect with one air vent pipe simultaneously, the diameter of air vent pipe should be
determined taking the maximum one drainage vertical pipe base upon Table 4.6.11 of this code
and its diameter may not be less than any one drainage vertical pipe diameter.
4.6.14 Joint vent pipe’s diameter may not be less than that of air vent vertical pipe connecting
with it.
4.6.15 The diameter of extension air vent passing through roof shall be equal to drainage vertical
pipe diameter. In the coldest month the average temperature is lower than -13°C region, the
diameter should be enlarged by one grade under 0.3m of floor or ceiling.
4.6.16 When two and more than two air vent pipe of drainage pipes link together, the sectional
area of joint air vent pipe should be 0.25 times of the sum of the sectional area of the greatest air
vent pipe and all sectional areas of the others.
4.6.17 Air vent pipe may be plastic pipe, cast iron pipe with flexible joint to.

4.7 Sewage pump and catch pit

4.7.1 When residential district sewage pipe can’t flow by gravity into town sewage pipeline,
sewage pump house should be provided. Sewage pump house should be built an individual
structure and should provide with sanitary protective insulation belt. The pump house design
should comply with current national standard “Code of outdoor drainage design” GB 50014.
4.7.2 Domestic drainage of building basement, sewage catch pit and sewage pump draw
discharge into outdoor inspection well. Basement floor drainage should provide with catch pit and
hoisting device.
4.7.3 Sewage pump should be arranged with drainage pipe to separately drain to outdoor, outlet
horizontal pipe section should be sloped off toward the outlet. When 2 or 2 more pumps in
common use one outlet pipe, gate valve and check valve should be installed on each pump outlet
pipe, drainage of single pump should install check valve to prevent back flow.
4.7.4 In public building each domestic sewage catch pit arrange one stand by unit of sewage
pump.
Note: Where 2 and 2 more pumps for ground surface drainage of basement, equipment machine room, garage,
stand by unit may be cancelled.
4.7.5 When catch pit can’t provide accident discharge pipe, sewage pump should be supplied

63
with continuous motive power.
Note: Where sewage pump inlet pipe can be shut off, continuous motive power may not be supplied.
4.7.6 Starting and shutting of sewage pump should arrange automatic control assembly. Multiple
pumps set may be mutually operated in parallel or in separated section.
4.7.7 Capacity, head, selection of sewage pump should comply with following requirements:
1 Capacity of sub-district sewage pump should be determined base upon maximum hourly
domestic discharge flow.
2 Capacity of building sewage pump should be determined base upon designed second flow
of domestic discharge. When the discharge flow is regulated, it may be determined base upon
maximum hourly flow.
3 Where collecting tank collecting the overflow water and emptying water of water tank ,
pump unit shall be selected according to the larger one of water tank overflow discharge ,leakage
discharge and other water dischargeof water drained into collecting tank;
4 Pump head should be calculated base upon height of lift, head loss of pipeline system, and
additional 2m~3m out flow water head.
4.7.8 Design of catch pit should comply with following requirements:
1 The effective volume of catch pit may not be less than one maximum sewage pump’s 5 min
out flow and the times of sewage pump starting must not be greater than 6 in an hour.
2 Catch pit should meet the volume requirement and also should meet the requirements of
pump installation, water level control and grid installation and inspection.
3 Catch pit’s designed lowest water level should meet the demand of pump suction.
4 Where catch pit is arranged in the basement, pit cover should be sealed and air ventilation
system should be provided; when catch pit is arranged in the room with open air, ventilation by
force draft should be provided.
5 The bottom of catch pit shall be made a slope not less than 0.05 toward pump set. The
depth and plan dimension of catch pet should be determined base upon pump type.
6 Self-washing pipe may be installed at the bottom of catch pit.
7 Water level indicator should be installed in catch pit, if necessary, water level alarm device
should be provided, and the signal will lead to management operation center.
4.7.9 Effective volume of domestic drainage regulation basin should not be grater than 6 hrs
average domestic drainage hourly flow.
4.7.10 Sewage pump, valve, pipe etc. should be anti-corrosive, big flow, not easy to clog.

4.8 Local domestic sewage disposal

4.8.1 Grease sewage of public canteen and center trade should be arranged to intercept the
grease then after is permitted to discharge pipeline.
4.8.2 Design of oil separating tank should comply with following regulations:
1 Sewage flow should be calculated according to designed second flow.
2 Edible oil sewage flow velocity should not be greater than 0.005m/s.
3 Edible oil retention time may be 2~10min.
4 The volume for storing oil inside separator with manual oil intercept must not be less than
25% of its effective volume.
5 Movable cover plate should be provided for separator. Inlet pipe should be possible to clean

64
through.
6 The depth between outlet pipe base and separator bottom may not be less than 0.6m.

4.8.2A The design of oil separator shall meet the following requirements:
1 Solid residue catching device shall be provided with in oil separator for the convenience of
cleaning;
2 Floating, heating and filtering etc. oil separating device should be arranged in the vessel;
3 transcendence pipe shall be installed in oil separator, and the pipe diameter of transcendence
pipe shall be consist with that of water inlet pipe;
4 Closed type oil separator shall be installed with vent pipe, and vent pipe shall be connected to
outdoor separately;
3 Where oil separator is arranged in equipment room, the equipment room shall be provided with ventilation
device, and the ventilation rate should not be less than 15 times / h.

4.8.3 Design of temperature lowering tank should comply with following regulations:
1 Temperature higher than 40 °C drainage, the recycle of the heat contained should be given
prior consideration, if it is impossible or is not rational, temperature lowering tank should be
provided before draining into town drainage pipeline.
Temperature lowering tank should be arranged outdoor type.
2 Lowering temperature may use mix method in tank with higher temperature drainage water
and cool water. Cool water should be low temperature wastewater. Required cooling water
quantity should be calculated according to heat balance method.
3 Volume of temperature lowering tank should comply with following regulations:
l)When sewage drains intermittently, calculated effective volume should be based upon the
sum of once maximum draining quantity and needed cooling water quantity.
2) When sewage drains continuously, thorough mixing of sewage water and cooling water
should be ensured.
4 Pipeline of temperature lowering tank should comply with following demands:
1) Inlet pipe end of high temperature pressure sewage may install sound damping device,
when it evaporated twice, pipe end should be above the water level and should install preventive
scalded device. Then there is no twice evaporation, pipe end may be submerged in water 200mm
in depth and more.
2) Mixing of cooling water and high temperature water may adopt porous pipe sprinkling,
when cooling water is domestic drinking water back flow pollution preventive device should be
taken.
3)Temperature lowering tank siphon drainage pipe should be installed at the tank bottom.
4) Air vent should be installed, its outlet location should meet the safety, environment
demands;
4.8.4 The distance between septic tank and intake structure of ground water must not be
less than 30m.
4.8.5 Location of septic tank should meet following demands:
1 Septic tank may be located at the lower reach end of family pipe, may be convenient for
being cleaning by motor car.
2 Distance between septic tank external wall and building external wall may not be less than

65
5m, building foundation is not affected.
Note: When septic tank is located inside the building, air vent, odor control, and explosion
proof device should be taken.
4.8.6 Effective volume of septic tank should be the sum of sewage and sludge volume, and
should be calculated according to the following formula:

(4.8.6-1)

(4.8.6-2)

(4.8.6-3)

Where, Vw—Volume of wastewater in septic tank; (m3);

Vn—Volume of sludge in septic tank; (m3);
qw—Calculated sewage quantity per capita per day(L/人·d), see Table 4.8.6-1；
Table 4.8.6-1 Quantity of sewage per capita per day in septic tank
Domestic sewage and domestic Domestic sewage discharge in
Type
wastewater discharge in together independently
Quantity of sewage (L) per capita per
(0.85~0.95) water consumption 15~20
day
tw—The retention time (h) of wastewater in tank shall be determined according to sewage
quantity, and 12h~24h shall be adopted;
qn—Calculated sewage quantity per capita per day, see Table 4.8.6-2；
Table 4.8.6-2 Quantity of sludge per capita per day in septic tank(L)
Building classification Converging drain-in of domestic Separately drain-in domestic sewage
sewage and domestic sewage
Building with people living in 0.7 0.4
Building in where the personnel 0.3 0.2
residence time is larger than 4h and
less than or equal to 10h
Building in where the personnel 0.1 0.07
residence time is less than or equal to
4h
tn —the period of sludge cleaning shall be determined according to temperature of sewage
and local weather condition, 3~12 month should be adopted;
bx—the water content of fresh sludge may be calculated as 95%;
bn — the water content after fermentation and concentration may be calculated as 90%;
Ms —the volume reduction coefficient of sludge after fermentation may be taken as 0.8;
1.2—20% residual volume coefficient after cleaning;
m—total user number of septic tank;
bf—the percentage of the total user number to the actual user number may be determined
according to Table 4.8.6-3
Table 4.8.6-2 Percentage of persons using septic tank

66
 Name of building Percentage (%)
Hospital, sanatorium, old age person, kindergarten (with broader) 100
Dwelling, dormitory, hotel 70
Office building, teaching building, laboratory building, living room in factory 40
Public canteen, cater trade, cinema, stadium, market and similar public place (calculated by 5~10
seats)
4.8.7 Structure of septic tank should meet following demands:
1 The proportion of septic tank length and depth, width should be determined by hydraulic
calculation according to the sedimentation effect and quantity in stock of sewage suspended
substances, but the depth (water level to bottom) must be less than 1.30m, width not less than
1.00m, length not less than 1.0m, the diameter of septic well must not be less than 1.00m.
2 For double compartment septic tank its first compartment volume may be the 75% of the
total, for triple compartment septic tank the first compartment volume may be the 60% of the total,
the 2nd and 3rd one each may be 20% of the total.
3 Septic tank compartment and compartment, tank and connection well there air vent hole
should be provided.
4 Inlet, outlet of septic tank connection well should be arranged and connection with inlet
pipe, out let pipe.
5 Diversion panel should be arranged at the inlet pipe of septic tank, measures to intercept
suspended sludge should be arranged at the outlet and between compartments.
6 Wall and bottom of septic tank should be leakage proof.
7 Manhole and cover should be arranged on the top slab of septic tank.
4.8.8 Hospital sewage must be disinfected. After disinfecting, the water quality should
comply with current “Discharge demands of hospital sewage”.
4.8.8A The discharge condition of the water quality after hospital sewage treatment shall meet
the relevant requirements of current national standard "discharge standard of water pollutants for
medical organization " GB 18466 .
4.8.9 Hospital sewage treatment process shou81d be determined according to character of
sewage, discharge condition etc. factors, when discharged into the city sewage whose terminal has
established Grade 2 sewage treating factory which is in normal operation, primary treatment
should be taken, when directly or indirectly discharged into surface water or sea, secondary
treatment should be taken.
4.8.10 Sanitary protection isolated belt shall be arranged between hospital treatment plant and
sickroom, medical room, dwelling etc.
4.8.11 Sewage from infections sickroom may be treated together with the sewage from normal
sickroom after defection.
4.8.12 Where hospital wastewater is drained into the following water body, in addition to the
provisions of 4.8.8 A of this code, it shall also be carried out deep water treatment according to the
requirements of the receiving water body;
1 Class Ⅰand Ⅱwater area specified in current national standard " Environmental Quality
Standards for Surface Water "GB 3838 and drinking water protection area and swimming area in
Class Ⅲ water area;
2 I. Class I and II sea area specified in current national standard " Sea Water Quality Standard"
GB 3097;

67
3 Disinfected treated sewage water when discharge into recreation and sport activity use water
body, fishery water body, should meet relevant requirements of the current relevant standards of
the nation.
4.8.13 When septic tank is taken as pretreatment for hospital disinfected sewage, the volume of
septic tank should be calculated according to the retention time sewage in the tank not less than 36
h, sludge cleaning may be 0.5a~l.0a.
4.8.14 Chlorination of sewage may be adopted for disinfecting or hospital sewage (sodium hypo
chloride product, chlorine piece, chlorine lime, and chlorine lime extract or liquid chlorine).
Where transportation or supply is in difficulties, hypo chloride manufactured in site, chemical
made chlorine dioxide may be used for disinfecting.
4.8.14A The sewage after chlorination, if directly drained into surface waters and sea area shall
be carried out dechloridation treatment, the residual chlorine after treatment shall be less than 0.5
mg/L .
4.8.15 Hospital building contains ratio active materials, heavy metal and other poisonous
harmful substances sewage, if it is mot comply with discharge standard, must be individually
treated and if reaching the standard, may be discharged into hospital sewage treatment plant or
town drainage pipeline.
4.8.16 Sludge of hospital sewage treatment plant may be treated together as dangerous wastes by
town environment department, if there is no treatment condition, high temperature fertilizing or
lime digestion method may be adopted.
4.8.17 Domestic sewage disposal process should be determined according to sewage character,
reuse or discharge demands.
4.8.18 Location of domestic sewage disposal should meet following demands:
1 Near to town pipeline discharge point.
2 May be located at the least frequency windward side of residential district, isolated by
green belt to the buildings.
3 May be located under ground of grassland, parking ground and vacancy area.
4 If it is located in the basement of the building, it should be specially separated.
5 Distance between disposal and water supply pump house and reservoir may not be less 10m
in horizontal.
4.8.19 Domestic sewage disposal is arranged in room or basement, good ventilation system
should be taken when it is an open air type, hourly air exchange may not be less 15 times, when it
is covered, hourly air exchange may not be less than 5 times.
4.8.19A Domestic sewage treating facilities shall be installed with transcendence pipe .
4.8.20 Domestic sewage disposal should provide odor control facility, its outlet should be
arranged to make no trouble to human, animal, plants.
4.8.20A The odor releasing system of hospital sewage treatment station should be carried out
deodorization and deodorization treatment, which shall reach the maximum allowable
concentration of air pollutants around treatment station, specified in current national standard "
Discharge standard of water pollutants for medical organization "GB 18466.
4.8.21 Mechanical operation noise of domestic sewage disposal must not exceed the
requirements of current national standard ” Standard of environmental noise of urban area ”GB
3096 and “Code for design of sound insulation of civil buildings” GB 50118-2010. Isolated room
should be provided for higher operation noise machine in side the building.

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 4.9 Rain Water

4.9.1 Roof rain water drainage system should drain roof rain water to outdoor rain water conduit
or ground quickly, timely.
4.9.2 Design rainwater flow should be calculated according to following formula:
q ψF
q y =10000
j w
(4.9.2)

Where,

q y ——Design rain water flow (L/s);

q j ——Design storm fall intensity (L/s • hm2);

ψ ——Run off coefficient;
Fw——Catchment area (m2).
Note: in adoption of roof gutter for water catchment, if spilling water in the ravine flows into indoor, the design storm strength
shall multiply the coefficient of 0.1.

4.9.3 Design rainfall intensity should be determined according to local or adjacent region storm
intensity formula calculation.
4.9.4 Design rainfall duration of building roof and residential district rainwater pipeline may be
determined according to following regulations:
1 Roof rainwater drainage pipeline design rainfall duration shall be 5 min.
2 Residential district rainwater pipeline design rainfall duration should be calculated
according to following formula:

t = t1 + M ⋅ t 2 (4.9.4)

Where,
t——Rainfall duration (min);

t1 ——Ground surface catchment time (min), depends upon distance, slope, topography and
pavement, normally may take 5~10 min;
M——Reduction coefficient. Branch and family service pipe: M=1,main: conduit,M=2, ditch
M= 1.2;
t2——Time of rainwater flow in drainage pipe (min).
4.9.5 Recurrence period of roof rainwater drainage pipeline should be determined according o
the importance degree of the building, character of catchment area, topography feature,
atmospheric phenomena etc, factors, design recurrence period of various kinds of catchment area
should not be less than the specified value in Table 4.9.5.
Table 4.9.5 Design recurrence period of various kinds of catchment area
Name of catchment Design recurrence period (a)

Outdoor ground Residential district 1~3

Station, wharf, airport base 2~5

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 Exit and entrance of descended 5~50
square and underground garage ramp
Roof of ordinary building 2~5
Roof
Roof of important public building ≥10

Note: 1 Factory roof rainwater drainage design recurrence period shall be determined according to
production process, degree of importance etc. factors.
2 Design recurrence period of the descended square shall be determined according to structure,
importance and short-time ponding and other factors that may cause more serious consequence of the
square.
4.9.6 Rainwater run off coefficient of various roof surface, ground surface is adopted according
to Table 4.9.6
Table 4.9.6 Run off coefficient
Kind of roof surface, ground surface ψ
Roof 0.90~1.00

Concrete and bituminous pavement 0.90

Stone block pavement 0.60
Graded macadam pavement 0.45
Dry brick and macadam pavement 0.40
No pavement ground surface 0.30
Park green land 0.15
Note: comprehensive run off coefficient of various kinds catchment area should be weighted average
calculated.
4.9.7 Rainwater catchment area should be calculated according to ground, roof horizontal
projective area. Higher than adjacent side wall should add one half the maximum raining face
normal projective area as the effective catchment area calculated. Window shaft, high rise
building exterior wall neat by basement garage ramp access and high rise building subsidiary
house roof rainwater catchment area, should add one half of higher than roof side wall area.
4.9.8 Building roof rainwater drainage engineering should provide with overflow opening,
overflow weir, overflow pipe system. Overflow drainage must not do harm to building facilities
and pedestrian safety.
4.9.9 General building gravity flow roof rainwater drainage engineering and overflow facilities
total discharge capatown should not be less than 10 years recurrence interval rainwater quantity,
Important public building, high rise building roof rainwater drainage engineering and overflow
facilities total discharge capatown should not less than 5 years recurrence interval rainwater
quantity.
4.9.10 Building roof rainwater pipeline design flow pattern may comply with following
regulations:
1 Gutter exterior drainage may be gravity flow design;
2 Long roof gully exterior drainage may be designed according to full pipe pressure flow;
3 High rise building roof rainwater drainage may be gravity flow design;
4 Factory building, ware house, public building large scale roof rainwater drainage may be
designed according to full pipe pressure flow.
4.9.11 High rise building subsidiary houses roof rainwater should discharge individually.

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4.9.12 Balcony drainage system of high rise buildings should be set up separately. Balcony
rainwater at the bottom of the stand pipe shall be drained of water indirectly.
Note: where living balcony is equipped with living drainage equipment and ground leakage, balcony rain water drainage
ground leakage may not be set up additionally.

4.9.13 When roof rainwater pipe is designed according to full pipe pressure flow, same system
roof drains may be arranged in same plan level.
4.9.14 Roof drains should be arranged for roof drainage system. Corresponding roof drain
should be selected for different drainage flow pattern, drainage character of roof rainwater
drainage system.
4.9.15 Roof drain location should be determined according to roof catchment condition and
building’s structure loading, pipe system laying etc.
4.9.16 Design drainage capatown of roof drain should be determined according to various kinds
strainer character and roof drainage circumstance etc. and may be selected according to Table
4.9.16.
Table 4.9.16 Maximum leakage flow of roof drain (L/s)
Specification for roof drain (mm) 50 75 100 125 150
Gravity flow Leakage flow of gravity flow ― 5.6 10,0 ― 23.0
drainage system roof drain
Leakage flow of 87-type roof ― 8.0 12.0 一 26.0
drain
Full pipe pressure Leakage flow of roof drain 6.0~18.0 12.0~32.0 25.00~70.0 60.0~120.0 100．0~140. 0
flow drainage
system
Note: as for the full pipe pressure flow roof drain, its maximum leakage flow shall be determined according to concrete products
of different types.

4.9.17 Roof gully arrangement should e as line of demarcation of dilation joint, settlement
joint,deformation joint.
4.9.18 Slope of roof gully may not be less than 0.003.
Note: horizontal metal long roof gutter on metal roof may be without slope. 4.9.19 Inside residential district
arrangement of gutter inlet should be based upon topography, building situation, along roadway,
gutter inlet may be arranged at following points:
1 Road crossing and the lowest point of road surface.
2 Building entrance and road intersection.
3 Near building rainwater down pipe.
4 District vacancy, low point of green land.
5 Entrance of underground ramp (drain ditch with grid).
4.9.20 Hung pipe of gravity flow roof rainwater drainage system calculated filling may not be
greater than 0.8, pipe flow rate may not be less than 0.75m/s.
4.9.21 Buried pipe of gravity flow rainwater drainage system may be full flow discharge design,
pipe flow rate may not be less than 0.75m/s.
4.9.22 Maximum design discharge flow of gravity flow roof rainwater drainage down pipe
should be determined according to Table 4.9.22.
Table 4.9.22 Discharge flow of gravity flow roof rainwater drainage down pipe
Cast iron pipe Plastic pipe Steel pipe

71
 Maximum Nominal exterior Maximum Nominal exterior Maximum
Nominal diameter
discharge Diameter× wall discharge flow Diameter× wall discharge flow
(mm)
flow (L/s) thickness (L/s) thickness (L/s)

75 4.30 75x2.3 4.50 108x4 9.40

90x3.2 7.40
100 9.50 133x4 17.10
110x3.2 12.80
125x3.2 18.30 159x4.5 27.80
125 17.00
125x3.7 18.00 168x6 30.80

160x4.0 35.50
150 27.80 219x6 65.50
160x4.7 34.70
200x4.9 64.60
200 60.00 245x6 89.80
200x5.9 62.80
250x6.2 117.00
250 108.00 273x7 119.10
250x7.3 114.10
300 176.00 315x7.7 217.00 325x7 194.00
__ __ __ __
315x9.2 211.00

4.9.22A The rainwater drainage pipeline diameter of full pipe pressure flow roof shall be
determined through calculation.
4.9.23 Residential district rainwater pipeline may be designed as full gravity flow, pipe flow rate
may not be lees than 0.75m/s.
4.9.24 Full pipe pressure flow roof rainwater drainage pipeline should comply with following
regulations:
1 Height difference between center line of hung pipe and roof drain outlet should be greater
than 1.0m.
2 Design flow velotown of hung pipe may not be less than lm/s.
3 The sum of head loss of rainwater drainage pipe and discharge head loss must not be
greater than geometrical height difference of rainwater pipe inlet, outlet.
4 Head loss of hung pipe may not be greater than 80kPa.
5 Calculated head loss difference of various branch at the upper reach of full pipe pressure
slow drainage pipe system each joints, should not be greater than 10kPa for pipe diameter equal
DN75; should not be greater than 5kPa for pipe diameter greater than DN100.
6 Outlet of full pipe pressure flow drainage pipe system should be enlarged its diameter, the
flow velotown may not be exceed 1.8m/s, where the outlet flow velotown exceeds 1.8m/s, energy
absorber should be installed.
4.9.25 Minimum pipe diameter of various rainwater pipeline and its horizontal pipe minimum
design slop may be determined according to Table 4.9.25.
Table 4.9.25 Rainwater pipeline minimum pipe diameter and its horizontal pipe minimum design slop

Minimum pipe diameter Horizontal pipe minimum design slope

Kind of pipe
(mm) Cast iron pipe, steel pipe Plastic pipe

Building exterior wall rainwater down pipe 75(75) — —

72
Rain water drainage vertical pipe 100(110) — —

Gravity flow drainage hung pipe, buried

100 (110) 0.01 0.0050
pipe
Full pipe pressure flow roof drainage hung
50 (50) 0.00 0.0000
pipe
District around building rainwater unite
200 (225) 0.005 0.0030
pipe
District road main pipe, brand pipe 300(315) 0.003 0.0015

13 # ditch end gutter inlet connecting pipe 150 (160) 0.01 0.0100

Note: Cast iron pipe diameters are nominal diameter, parenthesis values are plastic pipe exterior diameter.
4.9.26 Selection of rainwater drainage pipe material should comply with following regulations:
1 Multi-story building gravity flow drainage system may adopt building drainage plastic pipe,
high rise building may adopt pressurized plastic pipe, corrosion-resistant metal pipe.
2 Full pipe pressure flow drainage system may adopt pressurized drainage cast iron pipe with
smooth lining, pressurized plastic pipe and steel, plastic composite pipe etc, the working pressure
of pipe material should be greater than the static water pressure due to building height. Full pipe
pressure flow drainage plastic pipe, pipe material hoop deformation resistance external pressure
should be greater than 0.15MPa.
3 District rainwater drainage system, buried plastic pipe, concrete pipe or R.C. pipe. Cast iron
pipe etc. may be selected.
4.9.27 Each catchment area of building roof, rainwater down pipe may not be less than 2pes.
4.9.28 Gravity flow roof rainwater drainage system, hung pipe diameter may not be less than
roof drain connecting pipe diameter, down pipe diameter may not be less than hung pipe diameter.
4.9.29 Full pipe pressure flow roof rainwater drainage system, down pipe diameter should be
determined by calculation, may be less than upper reach horizontal pipe diameter.
4.9.30 Roof rainwater drainage pipe’s turning point may be joined along the line of flow.
4.9.31 Expansion and contraction device must be provided according to roof rainwater drainage
pipe length, pipe material, operation condition etc.
4.9.32 Gravity flow rainwater drainage system hung pipe length greater than 15m. Check hole
should be arranged, its spacing may not be greater than 20m and should be located east to
maintenance.
4.9.33 Buried outlet pipe of roof rainwater drainage pipe system, down pipe base should be set
up with check opening.
4.9.34 Rainwater check hole maximum spacing may be determined according to Table 4.9.34.
Table 4.9.34 Maximum spacing of rainwater check hole
Pipe diameter (mm) Maximum spacing (m)
150(160) 30
200~300(200~315) 40
400 (400) 50
≥500 (500) 70
Note: Values in parenthesis are plastic exterior pipe diameter.
4.9.35 In cold region, down pipe should be arranged inside the building.
4.9.36 Rainwater tube should be fixed firmly on the building structure bearing wall.

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4.9.36A As for open ditch drainage of descended square surface drainage and underground
garage exit and entrance, rainwater collecting basin shall be equipped with to hoist and discharge
water to outdoor rainwater inspection chamber.
4.9.36B Rainwater collecting basin and drainage pump design shall meet the following
requirements:
1. Flow capacity of drainage pump shall be determined according to the design amount of
rain water discharged into collecting basin;
2 Drainage pump shall not be less than 2 sets, should not be larger than 8 sets and may be
used simultaneously in emergency;3 Rainwater drainage pump shall be provided with continuous
power supply;
4 Effective volume of descended square surface drainage collecting basin shall not be less
than the water output of the maximum drainage pump for 30s;5 Effective volume of open ditch
drainage collecting basin at underground garage exit and entrance shall not be less than the water
output of the maximum drainage pump for 5min.

74
 5 Hot water and drinking water supply

5.1 Rated consumption, temperature and quality of hot water

5.1.1 Hot water rated consumption should be determined according to Table 5.1.1-1, based upon
sanitary fixture completeness and local conditions.
Sanitary fixture once and hourly hot water consumption and temperature should be
determined according to Table 5.1.1-2.
Table 5.1.1-2 Sanitary fixture out flow, equivalent and drainage pipe diameter
Maximum daily
Time of
Order Building name Unit rated
use (h)
consumption (L)
Residence
With self-contained hot water supply and Per capita Per day 40~80 24
1 bath fixture
With concentrated hot water supply and Per capita Per day 60~100
bath fixture
2 Villa Per capita per day 70~110 24
3 Apartment Per capita per day 80~100 24
Dormitory
24
I class, II class Per capita per day 70~100
4 Or timed
III class, IV class Per capita per day 40~80
supply

Guest house, training center, ordinary hotel

With public wash room
25~40
With public wash room, shower room 24
40~60
5 With public wash room, shower room, Per capita per day Or timed
50~80
washer room supply
60~100
With private water closet, public washer
room
Guest house
6 Guest Each bed per day 120~160 24
Staff Per capita per day 40~50
Hospital sick room 60~100
With public wash room 70~130
Each bed per day 24
With public wash room, shower room 110~200
Each bed per day
With private water closet
7 Each bed per day
Hospital staff
Each person each shift
Outpatient department, clinic 70~130 8
Each patient each time
Sanatorium, rest house dwelling department 7~13
Each bed Per day
100~160 24

8 Old age pension Each bed per day 50~70 24

7 Kindergarten, crèche

75
 With brooders Each child each day 20~10 24
Without brooders 10~15 10
Public bath house
Shower 40~60
8 Shower bathing pool Each guest each time 60~80 12
Sane bath (shower, massage tub) 70~100
9 Barber, beauty parlor Each guest each time 10~15 12
10 Laundry Per kilogram dry cloth 15~30 8
Restaurant
Trade canteen 15~20 10~12
11 Each guest each time
Snack counter, workers and students dinning ball 7~10 12~16
Bar, coffee bar, teahouse, karaoke room 3~8 8~18

Table 5.1.1-2 (continued)

Maximum daily
Order Building name Unit rated Time of use (h)
consumption (L)
12 Office building Each person each shift 5~10 8

13 Health training center Each person each time 15~25 12

14 Stadium Sportsman shower Each person each time 17~26 4

15 Meeting house Each seat each time 2~3 4

Note: 1 Hot water temperature is 60℃.

2 Rated consumptions listed in this table all are included in Table 3.1.9, 3.1.10 of present code.
3 In this table, 60℃ hot water temperature is the calculated temperature, water consumption
temperature of sanitary fixtures are listed in Table 5.1.1-2.
Table 5.1.1-2 One time and hourly rated hot water consumption and temperature of Sanitary fixtures
Consumption one Consumption Water
Order Sanitary fixture
time (L) hourly (L) temperature (℃)
Residence, hotel, villa, guest house, apartment
With shower fitting bath tub 150 300 40
Without shower fitting bath tub 125 250 40
1
With shower fitting 70-100 140~200 37~40
With wash stand, wash tub tap 3 30 30
With wash basin — 180 50
Dormitory, guest room, training center shower
fitting
2 With shower room 70-100 210~300 37-40
Without shower room — 450 37-40
With wash tub tap 3~5 50~80 30
3 Public canteen
Wash tub — 250 50
Wash basin: for workers 3 60 30

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 for customer — 120 30
Shower fitting 40 40 37-40
Kindergarten, crèche
Bath tub: for kindergarten 100 400 35
for crèche 30 120 35
4 shower fitting: for kindergarten 30 180 35
for crèche 15 90 35
Wash stand tap 15 25 30
Wash tub — 180 50
Hospital, sanatorium, restroom
Wash hand basin — 15~25 35
5 Wash basin (trough) — 300 50
Shower panel — 200~300 37~40
Bath tub 125~150 250~300 40
Table 5.1.1-1 (continued)
Consumption one Consumption Water
Order Sanitary fixture
time (L) hourly (L) temperature (℃)
Public bath room
With bath tub 125 250 40
6 With small shower room 100~150 200~300 37-40
Without small shower room — 450~540 37~40
With wash basin 5 50~80 35
Office building wash hand basin Each person each
7 50~100 35
shift
Barber, beauty parlor wash basin Each guest each
8 35 35
time
Laboratory
9 Wash basin — 60 50
Wash hand basin — 1~25 30
Theater
10 With shower fitting 60 200~400 37-40
With wash basin for performer 5 80 35
11 Stadium shower fitting 30 300 35
Living room in factory
Shower fitting: general workshop 40 360~540 37~40
Dirty workshop 60 180-480 40
15
Wash basin or wash stand tap
General workshop 3 90~120 30
Dirty workshop 5 100~150 35
16 Bidet 10~15 120~180 30
Note: The general workshops represent the workshops of third and forth grade hygienic characters
stipulated in the current national standard GBZ 1 “Hygienic code of industrial enterprise design”, while
dirty workshops represent the workshops of first and second grade hygienic characters in accordance

77
 with the stimulations of the about code above mentioned.
5.1.2 Domestic hot water quality, should meet the demands of current GB 5749 “Domestic
drinking water quality standard”.
5.1.3 Centralized hot water supply system’s raw water treatment, based upon water quality,
water quality, water temperature, water heating facility structure, using demand etc factors with
technique and economic comparison, should be determined according to following provisions:
1 When laundry daily hot water consumption (60℃ calculated) in greater than or equals to
3
10m and when raw water total hardness (CaC03 calculated) is more than 300mg/L, softening
treatment should be submitted; when raw water total hardness is 150~300mg/L, softening treatment
may be submitted.
2 Other domestic daily hot water consumption (60℃ calculated) is greater than or equals to
3
10m , when raw water total hardness (60℃ calculated) us more than 300mg/L, water softening or
scale and corrosion inhibition treatment may be submitted.
3 After softening treatment water quality total hardness may be laundry water 50~100mg/L,
other water: 75~150mg/L.
4 Water scale and corrosion inhibition treatment should select suitable physical treatment or
chemical stabilizer treatment, according to water hardness, flow velotown, temperature, time or
effective length and working voltage.
5 When the system demands higher on the dissolved oxygen control, deoxidization measures
may be submitted.
5.1.4 Cold water calculated temperature should be determined based upon data of local coldest
month average water temperature, when there are no water temperature data, it may adopted
according to Table 5.1.4.
Table 5.1.4 Calculated temperature of cold water (℃)
Province, municipality, Surface Ground Province,municipality, Surface water Ground
Region

Region

autonomous region and water water autonomous region and water

administrative area administrative area

Heilong Jiang 4 6~10 Jiangsu North-leaning 4 10~15

Southeast
Northeast

Jilin 4 6~10 Large part 5 15-20

Liaoning Large part 4 6~10 Large part of Jiangxi 5 15~20

Southern part 4 10~15 Large part of Anhui 5 15~20

Beijing 4 10~15 Fujian Northern part 5 15~20

North China

Tianjin 4 10~15 Southern part 10~15 20

Hebei Northern part 4 6~10 Taiwan 10~15 20

78
 Large part 4 10~15 Henan Northern part 4 10~15

Shansi Northern part 4 6~10 Southern part 5 15~20

Large part 4 10~15 Hubei Eastern part 5 15~20

l
South-centra
Inner Mongolia 4 6~10 Western part 7 15~20

Shaanxi North-leaning 4 6~10 Hunan Eastern part 5 15~20

Northwester

Large part 4 10~15 Western part 7 15~20

South of the 7 15~20 Guangdong, Hong Kong 10~15 20

Qinling and Macau

Hainan 15~20 17~22

Gansu Southern part 4 10~15 Chongqing 7 15~20

South of the 7 15~20 Guizhou 7 15-20

southwest

Qinling

Qinghai East-leaning 4 10~15 Large part of Sichuan 7 15~20

Ningxia East-leaning 4 6~：10 Yunnan Large part 7

Southern part 4 10~15 Southern part 10~： 20

15

Xinjiang North 5 10~11

Xinjiang

South ― 12
Xinjiang

Urumchi 8 12

Shangdong 4 10~15 Guangxi Large part 10~15 20

Southeast

Shanghai 5 15~20 North-leaning 7 15~20

79
 5 15~20 Tibet ― 5

5.1.5 The highest temperature of water at the outlet of hot water boiler, hot water machine set or
heater of direct hot water supply and the lowest temperature of water at distribution point may
adopt the figures in Table 5.1.5.
Table 5.1.5 The highest temperature of water at the outlet of hot water boiler, hot water machine set or
heater of direct hot water supply and the lowest temperature of water (℃) at distribution point
The highest temperature of water lowest temperature of water at
at the outlet of hot water boiler, distribution point (℃)
Treatment of water quality
hot water machine set or heater
(℃)
Unnecessary to submit a softening
treatment or already submitted to softening 75 50
treatment
Necessary to submit a softening treatment
but having not submitted a softening 60 50
treatment
5.1.5A As for the residential building equipped with concentration hot water supply system,
water temperature of distribution points shall not be less than 45℃.
5.2 Selection of hot water supply system

5.2.1 The selection of hot water supply system, should be determined according go the use
requirements, heat consumption and distribution of water use points together with the conditions
of heat source.
5.2.2 The industrial surplus heat, waste heat, terrestrial heat and solar energy should be utilized
preferentially as heat source for centralized hot water supply system.
Note: 1 The temperature of baring gas utilized by waste heat boiler may not be lower than
400℃.
2 When local terrestrial heat is the heat source, technical measures should be taken
according to terrestrial hot water’s temperature, quality and pressure.
5.2.2A As for the area with sunshine hour larger than 1400h/Year, annual solar radiation larger
than 4200MJ/m2 and annual extreme minimum air temperature not less than -45℃, solar energy
should be adopted in priority for heat source of hot water supper.
5.2.2B Heat pump hot water supply system may be adopted in the area with renewable low
temperature energy:
1 Heat pump hot water supply system of air source should be adopted in hot summer and
warm winter zone;2 Heat pump hot water supply system of groundwater reservoirs should be
adopted in the area with plentiful groundwater reservoirs and proper hydro-geologic condition
and that can be ensured of artificial recharge.
3 Heat pump hot water supply of surface water source should be adopted in the area along
river, coast and lake, as well as with plentiful surface water source, proper hydro-geologic
condition and conditions to utilize municipal sewage and resurgent water.
Note: if groundwater reservoirs and surface water source are adopted, it shall be approved by the local Water Resource

80
Competent Authority; if necessary, evaluation on ecological environment and sanitation condition of water quality shall be

carried out.5.2.3 When there are no condition to utilized industrial surplus heat, waste heat,
terrestrial heat or solar energy and other natural resources, it may preferentially adopt
thermodynamic net work which can guarantee yearly the heat supply as heat source of centralized
hot water supply system.
5.2.4 When local boiler or nearby boiler may fully supply vapor or high temperature water, they
may be adopted as the centralized hot water supply system heat medium.
5.2.5 When the above heat sources in Articles 5.2.2, 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 of this code can't be utilized,
burning oil, burning gas hot water machine set or electrical storage heat equipment etc. provide
centralized hot water supply system’s heat source or direct supply hot water.
5.2.6 Local hot water supply system’s heat source, solar energy, electrical energy, gas burner,
vapor may be adopted.
5.2.7 As for the cooling water after temperature raise, when its water quality meets the demands
in Article 5.1.2 of this code, it may be taken as the hot water for domestic use.
5.2.8 When waste heat (waste vapor, burning gas, high temperature no poisons, waste of fluid) is
utilized as heat medium, the following measures should be taken:
1 Heating equipment should be anticorrosive, and its structure shall be suitable for
eliminating water stain and sediment.
2 Measures shall be taken to prevent the leakage of heat medium that sill cause pollution of
water quality.
3 Measures shall be taken to dispel the pressure fluctuation of waste vapor and remove
grease.
5.2.9 Vapor direct heat water or vapor water mixture equipment method may be taken in open
hot water supply system, and it should meet following demands:
1 The vapor shall not contain oil or poisonous materials.
2 During heating noise killer should be installed, the noise produced should meet the
requirements specified in the current standard of the nation GB 3096 “Urban district environment
noise standard”.
3 When technological economical comparison estimates that non-collection condensation
water is rational.
4 To prevent hot water flow back to vapor pipeline, measures should be taken.
5.2.10 Centralized hot water supply system, hot water circulating pipe should be installed, this
installation should meet following demands:
1 Hot water supply system should ensure hot water recycles in the main pipe and vertical
pipe.
2 In the building hot water with no lower than the fixed temperature will be provided timely,
should ensure hot water recycling in branch pipe or provided measure to ensure branch pipe hot
water temperature.
3. Circulatory system shall be set up with circulation pump, and mechanical cycle shall be
adopted
5. 2. 10A As for the residential building and villa equipped with three or above three washroom,
if shared water heating equipment is adopted for partial hot water supply system, hot water return
pipe and circulation pump should be set up with.

81
5.2.11 Recycling pipeline should adopt same order arrangement, recycling pump is installed and
adopt mechanical recycling.
5.2.11A As for the hot water circulating pipeline of the concentration hot water supply system in
the residential quarter, proper measured should be taken to ensure circulating effect according to
arrangement of buildings, difference of hot water circulating pipeline layout in buildings of each
unit.
5.2.12 In the building with centralizing hot water supply system, bath room, laundry, kitchen etc.
then eater consumption is large, independent hot water supply system may be installed. When got
water is provided at regular time interval but some unit requires a special hot water providing time,
independent hot water not work or local heating equipments may be installed.
5.2.13 The division in districts of high building hot water supply system should comply with
following principles:
1 It shall be the same as that of water supply system, water heater, storage tank in every
district should be provided in put water by same district’s water supply system special pipe supply,
if it can not be satisfied, to ensure system’s cold, hot water pressure steady measure should be
taken.
2 When pressure relief value is adopted for division of districts, it shall meet the demands in
the Article 3.4.10 of this code and also should ensure every district hot water recycling.
5.2.14 When the variation of water pressure in water supply pipe is large and water use points
require a steady water pressure, open hot water supply system mat be adopted or taken pressure
steady measures.
5.2.15 When the sanitary fixture is equipped with cold hot water mixer or mixing faucet, in hot
and cold water supply system the pressure at water distribution points should be the same.
5.2.16 Public bathroom shower fitting outlet water temperature should be steady and following
measures should be taken:
1 Adopting open hot water supply system.
2 Water consumption pipeline with large rated water supply flow, should be separated with
shower bath distribution pipeline.
3 The distribution pipe linking more than 3 shower fittings, may be installed in a circular
path.
4 The water head loss of distribution branching pipes of shower fittings in series throughout
their way may be adopted as no more than 200Pa per meter when the number of shower fitting is 6
or less than 6 and no9 ore than 350Pa when the number of shower fittings are more than 6. But the
minimum pipe diameter must not be less than 25mm.
5 Single pipe hot water supply system may be used in washroom of living dwelling areas of
in factories. Technical measures should be taken for the single hot water supply system and
ensured the hot water temperature steady .
Note: Public washroom may not adopt public bath basin bath type, if it must be adopted, recycling
water treatment and disinfect equipment should be taken.
5.2.16A Anti-scalding measures shall be taken on the showers in rest home, mental hospital,
kindergarten, jail and other buildings as well as hot water line of tub equipments.
5.3 Calculation of heat consumption, hot water quantity and heating equipment hot supply

5.3.1 Designed hourly hot consumption calculation shall meet the following demands:

82
 1 With centralized hot water supply system residential district’s designed hourly hot
consumption shall be calculated according to the following provision:
1) when maximum water using time section of the matched public faculties in the residential
is identical with dwelling maximum water using time section, these two designed hourly hot
consumption should be added in calculation.
2). When maximum water using time section of the matched public faculties in the residential
is not identical with dwelling’s designed hourly hot consumption and public building average
hourly hot consumption should be added in calculation.
2 Full day hot water supply dormitory (I, II class), dwelling, villa, apartment, rest house,
training center, hotel, guest house customer’s room (exclude staffs), hospital sick room, house of
respect for the Aged, kindergarten, crèche (with booders), office building etc. centralized hot
water supply system designed hourly heat consumption should be calculated according to
following formula:
mqr C (tv − tt ) ρ r
Qh = K h (5.3.1-1)
86400
Where,
Qh——Designed hourly heat consumption (kJ/h);
m——Number of calculated water using unit (number of person or bed);
qt——Rated hot water consumption (L/person • d or L/bed • d)should adopt the figures in
Table 5.1.1-1 in this code;
C——Specific heat of water C = 4.187(kJ/kg ℃);
tr——Temperature of hot water, t=60(℃);
tt——Temperature of cold water, adopt the figures in Table 5.1.4 in this code;
ρt——Hot water density (kg/L);
T——Using time per day, adopt the figures in Table 5.1.1 in this code;
Kh____Hourly variation coefficient, may adopt the figures in Table 5.3.1.
Table 5.3.1-1 Dwelling, villa hot water hourly variation coefficient Kh value

Guest
Dormit house,
Hospita
ory (I, trainin kinderg
apartm Hotel l, rest Rest
Class dwelling Villa II g arten,
ent home home
class) center, crèche
ordinar
y hotel
Number of inhabitants
<100 150 200 250 300 500 1000 3000 >6000
(m)

Kh 5.12 4.49 4.13 3.88 3.70 3.28 2.86 2.48 2.34

Note: 1 Kh shall be taken of its value according to using height of hot water and number of the used people (bed); when hot water
consumption norm is high and number of the used people (bed) is many, low value shall be adopted; on the contrary, high value
shall be adopted; as for number of the used people (bed) is less than or equal lower limit value and greater than or equal upper
limit value, lower limit value and upper limit value shall be adopted for Kh; medium value may be calculated by inside-poking
method;

83
 2 As for the office building, public bathroom and other types of unlisted buildings in this Table equipped with full-day
concentration hot water supply system, their Kh values may be selected according to the water hour variation coefficient in Table
3.1.10 of this code.

Table 5.3.1-2 Hotel hot water hourly variation coefficient Kh value

Number of bed (m) <150 300 450 600 900 ≥1200

Kh 6.84 5.61 4.97 4.58 4.19 3.90

Table 5.3.1-3 Hospital hot water hourly variation coefficient Khvalue

Number of bed (m) <50 75 100 200 300 500 ≥1000

Kh 4.55 3.78 3.54 2.93 2.60 2.23 1.95

Note: Rest house, training center, guest house customer room (exclude staffs),house of respect for
the Aged, kindergarten, crèche (with brooders)etc. buildings Kh may be selected referring to Table
5.3.1-2; office building Kh see table 3.1.10.
3 Hot water supply at regular intervals, dwelling, hotel, hospital and industrial living
dwelling area, public bath house, dormitory (I, II class), dressing room of theater, rest room for
athletes in stadium etc, buildings centralized hot water supply system designed hourly heat
consumption should be calculated according to following formula:

（5.3.1-2）

Where,
Qh——Designed hourly heat consumption (kJ/h);
qh——Sanitary fixture hot water hourly rated water consumption (L/h),should be adopted
according to Table 5.1.1-2 in this code;
C—Specific heat of water C = 4.187 (kJ/kg •℃);
tr——Temperature of hot water adopted according to Table 5.1.1-2 in this code;
tl——Temperature of cold water, adopt the figures in Table 5.1.4 in this code;
ρt——Hot water density (kg/L);
NO——Number of sanitary fixture of same kind;
b——Simultaneous using percentage of sanitary fixtures dwelling, hotel, hospital,
sanatorium sick room, water closet bath tub or shower sitting may be 70~100%, other fixtures not
into account, but at regular interval continuous water supply duration shall be greater than or equal
to 2 hours. Industrial living dwelling area, public bath room, school, theater, and stadium etc.
shower fitting and wash basin may be 100%. Dwelling one family with several water closets, only
one may be taken into accounts.
4 With many different hot water using departments in a single building or with many using
function comprehensive building, when the hot water is supplied from one and the same hot water
supply system, designed hourly heat consumption may be calculated according to at the same time
occurring water using peak of the principal water using department is designed hourly heat
consumption plus other department’s average hourly heat consumption.
5.3.2 Designed hourly hot water quantity may be calculated according to following formula:

(5.3.2)
Wherem,

84
 qrh——Designed hourly heat water quantity (L/h);
Qh ——Designed hourly heat consumption (kJ/h);
m——Number of calculated water using unit (number of person or bed);
tr——Designed hot water temperature (℃);
tt——Designed cold water temperature (℃);
ρr——water density (kg/L).
5.3.3 Full day centralized hot water supply system, boiler, water heater, designed hourly heat
supply should be determined according to daily hot water using quantity hourly change curve,
heating method and boiler, water heater working integrated curve. When is no condition, may be
determined according to following principles:
1 Volumetric water heater or heat storage tank and with the corresponding water heater, oil
(gas) based water heater, calculation may base upon following formula:

(5.3.3)
Where,
Qg——Volumetric water heater’s (including storage type of volumetric water heater)
designed hourly heat supply (kJ/h);
Qh——Designed hourly heat consumption (kJ/h);
η——Coefficient of effective storage heat, volumetric water heater 0.7=0.8; Guide way pattern
volumetric water heater η=0.8~0.9;
If the first circulation system is in natural cycle, the horizontal type cumulative heat water
can η shall be 0.8~0.85 while the vertical cumulative heat water can shall be η=0.85~0.90;
If the first circulation system is in mechanical cycle, horizontal and vertical type of
cumulative heat water can shall be η=1.0;
Vr——Total storage heat volume (L);
T——Designed hourly heat consumption duration time (h), T=2~4;
tr——Hot temperature (℃), calculated base upon designed water heater outflow water
temperature or storage water temperature;
tl——Cold water temperature(℃), may adopt from Table 5.1.4;
ρr——Hot water density (kg/L).
Note: When the calculated value of Qg is less than the heat consumption of mean hours, heat consumption of mean hours shall be
taken as Qg.

2 Semi volumetric water heater or heat storage tank and with the corresponding water heater,
oil (gas) based water machine set’s heat supply in design hour shall be calculated according to
designed hourly heat consumption.
3 Semi instant heater, quick water heater and other water heater equipment without heat
storage volume, its heat supply in design hour shall be calculated according to designed second
flow.

5.4 Water Heating and Storage

5.4.1 The selection of water heating equipments shall be determined according to using
characteristics, heat consumption, heat source, maintenance management and sanitary
disinfectant etc. factors, and meet following demands:
1 High heat efficiency, good heat exchange, save energy, save the space of equipment

85
room.
2 Domestic hot water less lose of side resistance, benefit to whole system’s pressure
equilibrium of clod, hot water.
3 Save reliable, simple structure, convenience for operation, maintenance.
5.4.2 Selection of water heating equipment should also comply with following principles:
1 When self energizing heat source is adopted, direct hot water supply with burning oil
(gas) hot water machine set may be adopted, indirect hot water supply with self heat exchange
burning oil (gas) hot water machine set or attached volumetric or semi-volumetric water
heating equipment burning oil (gas) hot water machine set also may be adopted.
2 Burning oil (gas) hot water machine set shall meet the demands of article 5.4.1 of this
code, it should provide with complete combustion, smoke abatement dust extract, machine set
water cover to the air, auto control water temperature, flame transducer, auto-alarm etc.
functions.
3 When vapor, high temperature water medium is adopted, uniformity of water use,
hardness of water quality, supply of heat medium, system demand of cold got water pressure
equilibrium and the sensibility, reliability of temperature control, safely device of equipment
etc, all these comprehensive technological and economical comparison should be conducted
afterward to select the indirect water heating equipment.
4 When solar energy is the heat source, the water heating system shall be determined
through technical and economical comparison according to the cold water quality hardness,
climate conditions , cold/hot water pressure balance requirements, energy conservation, water
conservation and maintenance management;
5 Region with rich electritown supply, electrical water heater may be adopted.
5.4.2A The design of solar heating system shall meet the following requirements:
1 Solar heat collector shall meet the following requirements:
1) The solar heat collector arrangement shall be in unified planning and coordination
with the architecture profession, which shall meet the requirements of the water heating
system but not influence the structural safety and building esthetic appearance;
2) Installation position, orientation, inclination angle and spacing of heat collector shall
meet the requirements of the current national standard "Technical code for solar water heating
system of civil building" GB 50364;
3) The total area of heat collector shall be calculated on the basis of daily water
consumption, local annual average daily solar irradiation and collection efficiency according
to the following formula:
The total area of heat collector of direct heating water supply system may be calculated
according to following formula:

(5.4.2A-1)
z
Where, Ajz--Total area of direct heating heat collector (m );
qr--Design daily hot water consumption (L/d), taken not greater than the lower limit of
hot water consumption norm specified in Table 5.1.1-1 of this code;
m--Water consumption unit number ;
tr--Hot water temperature (℃), tr=60℃;

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 t1--Cold water temperature (℃), taken according to Table 5.1.4 of this code ;
Jl--Annual average daily solar irradiation on the lighting plane of heat collector
(kj/m2•d);
f--Solar energy reliability, which shall be determined through comprehensive
consideration of such factors as solar irradiation, system economy and customer requirements
in the usage period of system, take 30%~80%;
ηj--Annual average collection efficiency of heat collector, which shall be determined
according to the actual measured data of heat collector products; the empirical value is
45%~50%;
ηl--Heat loss rate of water storage tank and pipeline, take 15%~30%.
The total area of heat collector of indirect heating water supply system may be calculated
according to following formula:

(5.4.2A-2)
Where,
Ajj--Total area of indirect heating heat collector (m2);
FrUl.--Heat loss coefficient of heat collector[kj/(m2·C·h)];
Flat plate type may take 14.4[kJ/(m2·℃·h)]~21.6[kJ/(m2·℃·h)];
Vacuum tube type may take3.6[kJ/(m2·℃·h)]~7.2[kJ/(m2·℃·h)], specific values shall be
determined according to the actually measured results of the heat collector products;
K--Heat transfer coefficient of water heater [kJ/(m2·℃·h)];
FJR-Heating area of water heater (m2)
4) Effective volume of cumulative heat water tank of solar heat collecting system may be
calculated according to following formula:

(5.4.2A-3)
Where, Vrx--Effective volume of cumulative heat water tank (L);
Aj--Total area of heat collector(m2);
qrjd--Average daily hot water output of heat collector per unit lighting area [L/(m2·d)],
which shall be determined according to the actually measured results of heat collector
products.If the conditions do not permit, it shall be determined on the basis of local solar
irradiation, heat collecting performance of heat collector and heat collecting area according to
the following principles: direct water supply system qrjd=40L/(m2·d)~10OL/(m2·d); indirect
water supply system qrjd=30L/(m2·d)~70L/(m2·d).
2 Forced-circulating solar heat collecting system shall be equipped with circulating pump.
The flow lift calculation of circulating pump shall meet the following requirements:
1) Flow of circulating pump may be calculated according to following formula:

(5.4.2A-4)
Where, qx--Circulation amount of heat collecting system (L/s);
qgz--Corresponding working medium flow of unit lighting area heat collector [L/(s·m2)],
which shall be determined according to the actual measured data of collector products.If the
conditions do not permit, it may take 0.015L/(s·m2)~0.020L/(s·m2).

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 2) The circulating pump lift of open-type direct heating solar heat collecting system shall
be calculated according to the following formula:

(5.4.2A-5)
Where, Hx--Lift of circulating pump (kPa);
Kjx--On-way and patial resistance loss of heat collecting system circulating piplines
(kPa);
hj--Resistance loss of circulating flow flowing through the heat collector (kPa);
hz--Geometric height difference between the top of heat collector and the minimum
water level of cumulative heat water tank(kPa);
H1--Additional pressure (kPa), take 20kPa~50kPa.
3) The circulating pump lift of closed-type indirect heating solar heat collecting system
shall be calculated according to the following formula:

(5.4.2A-6)
Where, he--Resistance loss of circulation volume flowing across the cheat collection heater
(MPa).
3 The water heating area of heat collecting water heater shall be calculated according to
Formula (5.4.6) of this code; the calculated temperature difference Δtj of heating medium and
heated water may take 5℃ ~ 10 ℃;
4 Solar hot water supply system shall be equipped with auxiliary heat sources and their
heating facilities. The design calculation shall meet the following requirements:
1) Auxiliary energy sources should adopt urban heating power pipe network, gas, fuel oil,
electricity and heat pump according to the local conditions;
2) Heating load of auxiliary heat source shall be designed and calculated according to
Article 5.3.3 of this code;
3) Auxiliary heat sources and their water heating facilities shall be selected and arranged
reasonably through technical and economical comparison in combination with such factors as
heat source conditions, system types and solar heating unstable state;
4) Auxiliary heat source heating equipment shall adopt direct heating or indirect heating
equipment according to the heat source types, supplied water quality and cold and warm
water system types;
5) Auxiliary heat source control shall adopt manual control, full-day automatic control or
definite-time automatic control according to different hot water supply modes on the premise
of ensuring take full advantage of solar heat collecting amount.
5.4.2B Where hot water is supplied by heat pump unit, the design shall meet the following
requirements:
1 Hot water supply system design of water resource heat pump shall meet the following
requirements:
1) Priority should be given to the waste water with good water quality, high water
temperature, stable water quantity and stable water temperature such as air conditioning
cooling water as the heat source of water resource heat pump;
2) Total water yield of water resource shall be determined according to the
comprehensive factors such as heating load, water resource temperature and heat pump unit

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performance;
3) Design heat supply of maximum hour of water resource heat pump shall be calculated
according to the following formula:

(5.4.2B-1)
Where, Qs―Design heat supply of maximum hour of water resource heat pump (kj/h),
qr--Hot water consumption norm (L/person·d or L/bed·d), taken not greater than the
lower limit of water consumption norm specified in Table 5.1.1-1 and Table 5.1.1-2 of this
code ;
m--Water consumption calculation unit number (person or bed number);
tr--Hot water temperature , tr=60(℃);
t1--Cold water temperature, taken according to Table 5.1.4 of this code;
T1--Design working time of heat pump unit (h/d), take 12h~20h;
k1--safety coefficient, 1.05~1.10.
4) Water quality of water resource shall meet the water quality requirements of heat
pump unit or heat exchanger. If failing to meet the requirements, effective treatment measures
shall be taken such as filtration, precipitation, algae removal, anti-precipitation and corrosion
inhibition.Where the sewage and wastewater are adopted as the water resources,
corresponding sewage and wastewater treatment shall be carried out;
5) The hot water prepared by water resource heat pump may directly supply water or be
used as the heating medium for indirect heat exchange water supply through technical and
economical comparison according to the water quality hardness, as well as the types of cold
water and hot water supply systems;
6) Water resource heat pump hot water supply system shall be equipped with cumulative
heat water tank (pot), and the total cumulative heat water volume: total volume of cumulative
heat water tank (pot) of full-day central hot water supply system, which shall be determined
according to such factors as daily heat quantity consumption, continuous working time of heat
pump and heat consumption within working time of heat pump; if the factors are uncertain,
the volume should be calculated according to the following formula:

(5.4.2B-2)
Where, Qh―Design heat consumption of maximum hour (kJ/h);
Qg--Design heat supply of maximum hour (kJ/h);
Vr--Total volume of cumulative heat water tank (pot) (L);
T--Design heat consumption duration time of maximum hour (h);
η--Effective cumulative heat volumetric coefficient; cumulative heat water tank and
horizontal-type cumulative heat water tank η=0.80~0.85,Vertical cumulative heat water tank
η=0.85~0.90;
k2--Safety coefficient , k2=l.10~1.20.
7) Heat exchange system design of water resource heat pump shall meet the relevant
requirements of the current national standard "Technical Code for Ground-source Heat Pump
System" GB 50366.

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 2 Air source heat pump hot water supply system design shall meet the following
requirements:
1) Air source heat pump hot water supply system shall be equipped with auxiliary heat
sources in accordance with the following principles:
Auxiliary heat sources may not be installed in the areas where the average temperature of
the coldest month is not less than 10℃;
Auxiliary heat sources should be installed in the areas where the average temperature of
the coldest month is less than 10℃ and not less than 0℃;
2) Auxiliary heat source of air source heat pump shall be acquired locally; heat source of
low investment and low energy consumption shall be selected through economical and
technical comparison;
Note: if reasonable through technical and economical comparison, high temperature water of fire coal (gas)
boiler and heating pipe network or electric power should be used as the hot water supply auxiliary heat sources in
the heating seasons.
3) Heating load of air source heat pump may be calculated according to Formula
(5.4.2B-1) of this code. Where auxiliary heat sources are arranged, it should be calculated
according to the average temperature of local vernal equinox and autumnal equinox months
and the cold water supply temperature; where auxiliary heat sources are not arranged, it shall
be calculated according to the average temperature of local coldest month and the cold water
supply temperature;
4) The effective volume of air source heat pump water heating storage equipment may be
determined according to the hot water preparation mode and Item 1 6) of this article.
5.4.3 Boiler or water heater of hot water supply system of hospital must not be less than 2
sets, other building’s hot water supply system water heating equipment nay not be less than 2
sets, when one set is in repair, the other’s total heat supply capatown must not be less than
50% of the designed hourly heat consumption.
Hospital building must not adopt volumetric water heater with stagnant zone.
5.4.4 When part hot water supply equipment is selected, the following demands shall be
met:
1 Equipment selection should comprehensively consider heat source condition, character
of building, location of equipment, safety demand and specified function of equipment etc.
factors.
2 When hot water supply to many sanitary fixtures or equipments simultaneously,
volumetric storage heating equipment may be selected.
3 When solar energy is rich in this region, solar energy water heater or solar energy
complement electric heating water heater may be selected.
4 Water heater should not be installed at combustible material stack or places with gas
pipe, meter or electrical equipments effected area and with corrosive gas and dust.
5.4.5 Burning gas water heater, electric water heater must be attached with
equipments safety use guarantee. Installation of direct exhausted type burning gas water
heater heating equipment accumulation of poison gas in the bathroom are strictly
prohibited.
5.4.6 Water heater heating area should be calculated according to following formula:

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 (5.4.6)
2
Where Fjr--Heat area of water heater (m );
Qg--Design heat consumption of maximum hour (kJ/h);
K--Coefficient of heat transfer (kJ/(m2•℃•h);
ε--Coefficient effecting heat transfer efficiency as the uneven distribution of
incrustation and hot medium, adopting 0.8~0.6;
Δtj--Calculated temperature difference (℃) between heat medium and heated
water which should be determined according to article 5.4.7 in this code;
Cr--Heat loss coefficient of hot water supply system, adopting 1.10~1.15.
5.4.7 The calculated temperature difference between heat medium of water heater and
heated water should be calculated according to following formula:
1 Volumetric type water heater, diversion-type volumetric type water heater, semi
volumetric type water heater:
tmc + tmz tc + tz
∆t j = − (5.4.7-1)
2 2
Where Δtj---Calculated temperature difference (℃);
tmc,tmz--Original temperature and terminal temperature of heat medium;
tc, tz--Original temperature and terminal temperature of heat water;
2 High speed water heater, semi-instant water heater:

∆t max + t min
∆t j = (5.4.7-2)
∆t
ln max
∆t min
Where ∆ tj--Calculated temperature difference (℃);
tmax--Maximum temperature difference between heat medium and heated water
on one end of water heater (℃);
tmin--Minimum temperature difference between heat medium and heated water
on other end of water heater (℃).
5.4.8 The calculated temperature of heat medium should comply with following regulations:
1 Where the heat medium is saturated vapor, the calculation of initial temperature and
final temperature of heat medium:
Initial temperature tmc of heat medium: where the heat medium is the saturated vapor whose
pressure is greater than 70kPa, tmc shall be calculated according to the temperature of
saturated vapor; where the pressure is less than or equal to 70kPa, tmc shall be calculated
according to 100℃;
Final temperature tmz of heat medium: shall be provided by the products determined for
the thermal performance; may according to: volumetric type water heater tmz=tmc;
diversion-type volumetric type water heater, semi volumetric water heater and semi-hot-type
water heater tmz=50℃~90℃.
2 Where the heat medium is hot water, the initial temperature of heat medium shall be
calculated according to the lowest temperature of heat medium water supply. Final

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temperature of heat medium shall be provided by the products determined for the thermal
performance; when the initial temperature of heat medium tmc=70℃~100℃, the final
temperature may according to: volumetric type water heater tmz=60℃~ 85℃; diversion-type
volumetric type water heater, semi volumetric water heater and semi-hot-type water heater
tmz=50℃~80℃;
3 When heat medium is hot water of thermo dynamical net work, it should be calculated
according to the lowest temperature of supply water and returning water, but the difference
between the original temperature of the heat medium and the terminal temperature of heated
water must not be less than 10℃.
5.4.9 To calculate the volume of volumetric type water heater or heated water tank the
added coefficient should comply with following regulations:
1 Additional coefficient of calculation volume of volumetric type water heater,
diversion-type volumetric type water heater and cumulative heat water tank shall be

calculated according to the effective cumulative heat volumetric coefficient specified in

Formula (5.3.3) of this code;
2 When guide way type volumetric water heater is adopted, the calculated volume should
be added by 10~15%.
3 When semi-volumetric type water heater is adopted or volumetric water heater with
compulsory water circulation equipment, the calculated volume may not be added.
5.4.10 Storage tank volume of centralized hot water supply system should be determined by
calculation according to hourly variation curve of hot water consumption and operation
system of boiling water heater and heat supply capatown and auto-temperature control
equipment etc. factors, and shall meet the following requirements:
1 Volumetric type water heater or heated water tank, semi-volumetric water heater’s
storage heat capatown should be not less than Table 5.4.10 demands.
Table 5.4.10 Heat capatown of water heater
Vapor or 95℃ up high hot water heat medium ≤95℃ hot water heat medium

Heating equipment
Bath room of factory Other buildings Bath room of factory Other buildings
enterprise enterprise

Volumetric water heater or

≥30minQh ≥45minQh ≥60min Qh ≥90minQh
heated water tank

Guide way type volumetric

≥20minQh ≥30minQh ≥30min Qh ≥40min Qh
water heater

Semi-volumetric type water

≥15minQh ≥15minQh ≥15minQh ≥20minQh
heater

Note: 1 Fuel oil (gas) hot water machine set attached distribution storage equipment, its heat capatown may
be determined base upon supply condition of heat medium, according to guide way type volumetric water heater or
semi-volumetric water heater.
2 Qh is designed hourly heat consumption (kJ/h).
2 Semi-instant type, quick type water heater, when heat medium is based upon designed
hourly supply, and provided with well-equipped reliable temperature auto-control equipment,
storage tank is not needed. When above-mentioned condition is not existed, storage tank,

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storage heat capatown should be determined based upon heat medium supply condition
according to guide way type volumetric water heater of semi-volumetric water heater.
3 Cumulative heat water quantity of water heater and cumulative heat water tank (pot) of
solar hot water supply system may be calculated according to Formula (5.4.2A-3) of this code;
cumulative heat water quantity of water heater and cumulative heat water tank (pot) of water
resource and air source heat pump hot water supply system may be determined according to
Item 1 6) of Article 5.4.2B.
5.4.11 Replenishing clod water tank should be installed for elevated heating, storage heat
hot water tank with continuously heating of hot water supply system.
Note: When there is cold-water tank that can supply cols water for hot water supply system, the replenishing
cold-water tank may not be installed.
5.4.12 The installation height of replenishing cold water tank (count from tank bottom)
should ensure the required water pressure of the most unfavorable water distribution point.
5.4.13 Installation of replenishing cold water pipe should meet following demands:
1 The diameter of replenishing cold water pipe should be determined according to the
designed second flow of hot water supply system.
2 The replenishing cold water pipe should not supply water to other use except to hot
water storage tank or water heater.
3 In the hot water supply system with first circulation pipe, replenishing cold water pipe
should be connected with the hot water storage tank and must not be connected with the
returning water pipe of the first circulation pipe nor the boiler or hot water machine set.
5.4.14 Hot water tank should provide with cover, over flow pipe, sluice pipe and vent pipe
leading to the outside. The height of overflow level at hot water storage over the height of the
replenishing cold water tank level should be calculated according to the water expansibility.
Sluice pipe and over flow pipe must not be linked directly with the sewage pipe.
5.4.15 Water heating equipment and heat storage equipment vessels according to water
quality and use condition demands should adopt anti-corrosive material or provide with
anti-corrosive lining on the inside surface of steel vessel.
5.4.16 Arrangement of water heat equipments should comply with following demands:
1 Volumetric type, guide way volumetric type, semi-volumetric type water heater on one
side a passage way with net width 0.7m should be managed. These should be a position on the
fore end of the passage way in order to take out the heat disk pipe.
2 The clear distance between the highest point of accessories upon the water heater and
the lowest point of the building structure should beet the repair requirement, and should not
be less than 0.2m, the clear height of room must not be less than 2.2m.
5.4.16A Heat pump unit arrangement shall meet the following requirements:
1 Water resource heat pump unit arrangement shall meet the following requirements:
1) Equipment and transport channels shall be reasonably arranged in the heat pump
machine room, and installation openings and holes shall be reserved;
2) The clear distance between unit and wall should not be less than 1.0m; the clear
distance between units or between unit and other equipment should not be less than 1.2m; the
clear distance between unit and distribution cabinet should not be less than 1.5m;
3) The clear distance between unit and its above pipeline, flue or cable bridge frame
should not be less than 1.0m;

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 4) Overhaul positions not less than the length of evaporator and condenser shall be
reserved on one end of the unit according to the requirements of the products.
2 Air source heat pump unit arrangement shall meet the following requirements:
1) Units shall not be arranged in the places where the air ventilation is poor,
environmental noise control is strict and personnel is dense;
2) The distance between unit air inlet face and shelter should be greater than 1.5m; the
distance between control face and wall should be greater than 1.2m; as for the unit with air
outlet at the top, the above clearance should be greater than 4.5m;
3) Where the unit air inlet faces are arranged relatively, the spacing should be greater
than 3.0m.
Note: as for the arrangement of small-scale units, the dimension requirements in 2) and 3) of this item may
be reduced as appropriate.
5.4.17 Arrangement of fuel oil (gas) hot water machine set room should comply with
following demands
1 Fuel oil (gas) hot water machine set room may be managed individually separated from
other buildings. When machine room is managed inside the building, it should be away from
person’s concentration area up, down and adjacent, and emergency exit should be provided.
2 Arrangement of machine room should meet equipment’s installation, operation and
maintenance demands, its front past a space should be kept not less than the 2/3 of machine
set length, its back part a space should be kept with 0.8~1.0, two side passage way width
should be the width of machine set, and be not less than 1.0m. The clear distance between upper
past of accessory of machine set (except chimney) and machine room bottom surface of roof
slab may not be less than 0.8m.
3 Machine room and hot water machine set attached oil vessel, storage oil tank, their
arrangement and layout of oil supply, gas supply pipeline all should meet the relevant fire
proof, safety demands.
5.4.18 The room with boiler, fuel oil (gas) hot water machine set, water heater, water heat
storage tank should be convenient for water sluicing and prevent sewage back flow and
provided with well ventilation and illumination.
5.4.19 Expansion pipe should be installed in the open hot water supply system, management
of expansion pipe should meet flowing demands:
1 When hot water system is supplied by domestic drinking water elevated tank, the
expansion height shall be calculated according to the following formula:
ρ 
h = H  l − 1 (5.4.19-1)
 ρr 
Where h--Vertical height of expansion pipe over the water level of domestic drinking
water elevated tank (m);
H--Height from the bottom of boiler, water heater to the water level of elevated
water tank (m);
ρ l--Specific density of cold water (kg/m3);
ρ r--Specific density of hot water (kg/m3) outlet of expansion pipe shall not be
less than 100mm high above the tank water level.
2 If expansion water tank is managed to the hot water supply system, the height of water

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level of expansion water tank higher than the water level of system cold water supply water
tank shall be calculated according to formula (5.4.19-1) and its volume shall be calculated
according to the following formula;
Vp = 0.0006∆tVs (5.4.19-2)

Where Vp--Effective volume of expansion tank (L);

Δt--Maximum temperature difference in the system (℃);
Vs--Water volume of the system (L).
Note: when calculated according to Formula 5.4.19-1, h is the vertical height of water level of expansion
water tank higher than the water level of system cold water supply water tank (m).

ρ 
h = H  h − 1 (5.4.19-3)
 ρr 
Where h--Vertical height of expansion water tank water level is higher than the system
cold water supply tank water level;
H--Height of boiler, water heater, bottom to system cold water supply tank
water level (m);
ρ h--Hot water back water density (kg/m3);
ρ r--Hot water supply water density (kg/m3).
3 When expansion pipe may be frozen, heat proof measures should be taken.
4 Minimum diameter of expansion pipe shall be determined according to Table 5.4.19.
Table 5.4.19 Minimum diameter of expansion pipe
Heat transfer area of boiler of water heater (m2) <10 ≥10and <15 ≥15and <20 ≥20

Minimum diameter of expansion pipe (mm) 25 32 40 50

Note: There are many boilers or water haters, expansion pipe may be provided separately for each one.
5.4.20 Valve must not be installed on the expansion pipe.
5.4.21 At close type hot water supply system, pressure expansion tank, pressure relief valve
shall be installed and should meet following demands:
1 Daily hot water consumption is less than or equals to 30m3, hot water supply system
pressure relief valve should be taken as pressure relief measures.
2 Daily hot water consumption is greater than 30m3, hot water supply system pressure
expansion tank should be installed. Total volume of expansion tank shall be calculated
according to the following formula:
( ρf − ρr )p 2
Ve = V (5.4.21)
(p2 − p1 )ρ r s
Where Ve--Total volume of expansion tank (L);
ρ f--Water density of storage equipment before heating (kg/m3), when there is
only one set heating equipment, and with constant hot water supply system, it may be
determined base upon cold water temperature, when there are many set full-day heating
equipments and with centralized hot water supply system, it may be determined base upon hot
water return back water temperature;
ρ r--Density of hot water (kg/m3);
P1--Expansion tank pipe water pressure (MPa, absolute pressure), it is the pipe

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working pressure and 0.1 (MPa);
P2--Expansion tank pipe maximum allowable pressure (MPa, absolute pressure),its
value may be 1.10 P1
Vs--Hot water total volume of the system (m3).
Note: P2 value shall be checked not greater than the rated working pressure of water heater.
3 Expansion tank may be installed on cold water inlet or hot water circulating return
water pipe of heating equipment.
5.4.21A In the solar central hot water supply system, reliable measures shall be taken to
prevent the water storage overheating of heat collector and cumulative heat water tank
(pot).Expansion tank and safety valve shall be arranged in the closed system, and reliable heat
collecting system anti-freezing measures shall be taken in the system with frozen possibilities.

5.5 Calculation of Net Work

5.5.1 Residential district with hot water supply system, its outdoor hot water main pipe
designed flow may be calculated determined according to article 3.6.1 in this code.
Building’s hot water inlet pipe shall be determined according to building’s correspond hot
water supply system’s main pipe’s designed second flow.
5.5.2 Buildings indoor hot water supply net’s designed second flow may be respectively
calculated according to article 3.6.4, 3.6.5, 3.6.6 in this code.
5.5.3 Sanitary fixture hot water supply rated flow, equivalent, branch pipe diameter and
minimum working pressure should comply with article 3.1.4 regulation in this code.
5.5.4 Head loss calculation of hot water net should comply with following regulations:
1 Head loss of unit length should be determined according to article 3.6.10 in this code,
the calculated interior diameter of pipe dj should consider the decrease of cross section area
due to incrustation and corrosion factors.
2 Partial water head loss may be determined by calculation according to article 3.6.11 in
this code.
5.5.5 Hot water circulation flow of all-day hot water supply system should be calculated
according to following formula:

(5.5.5)
Where qx--day hot water supply calculated flow (L/h);
Qs--Heat loss of distribution pipe (kJ/h) determined by calculation, generally
single building: (3%~5%) Qh ; residential quarter: (4%~6%) Qh ;
Δt--Temperature difference of hot water in distribution water pipe (℃),
determined according to scope of system, generally single building: 5℃~10℃; residential
quarter: 6℃~12℃;
5.5.6 Timely hot water circulating flow of hot water supply system may be calculated
according to 2~4 times circulation per hour of the water in the circulation system.
5.5.7 In the hot water supply system, the temperature difference between the temperature of
the outlet water of boiler or water heater and the lowest water temperature at the distribution

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water point shall not be greater than 12℃ for single building and not greater than 12℃ for
residential quarter.
5.5.8 Hot water pipe’s flow velotown may be selection according to Table 5.5.8.
Table 5.5.8 Hot water pipe flow velotown
Nominal diameter (mm) 15~20 25~40 ≥50

Flow velotown (m/s) ≤0.8 ≤1.0 ≤1.2

5.5.9 Hot water circulating return pipe diameter of hot water supply system with circulation
system, should be determined by hydraulic calculation according to pipe circulation flow.
5.5.10 In the hot water supply system with mechanical circulation the circulating pump
should meet following requirements:
1 Pump out flow should be the circulating flow.
2 Pump head should be calculated according to flowing formula:
H b = hp + hx (5.4.10)

Where Hb--Circulating pump head;

hp--Head loss of circulating flow passing through distribution pipe net (kPa);
hp--Head loss of circulating flow passing through return pipe net (kPa).
Note: When adopt semi-instant type water heater or quick water heater pump head water heater head loss
should be calculated.
3 Circulating pump should be selected as hot water pump, pump case stands working
pressure which may not be less than static water pressure plus pump head.
4 Stand by pump may be prepared for circulating pump alternate operation.
5 All-day hot water supply system, the circulating pump should be controlled to stop by
pump’s return pipe temperature.
5.5.11 Hot water pressurized pump’s arrangement should comply with demands of article
3.8 in this code.
5.5.12 The natural pressure value of first circulation pipe should be calculated according to
the following formula:

H xr = 10 ⋅ ∆h( ρ h − ρ r ) (5.4.12)

Where Hxr--Natural pressure value of the first circulating pipe (Pa);

Δh--Difference of elevations between the center of boiler or water heater and
that of water storage tank (m);
ρ h--Density of water storage tank return water (kg/m3);
ρ r--Density of boiler water or water heater outlet water (kg/m3).

5.6 Pipe, Fitting and Pipeline Laying

5.6.1 Pipe and fitting of hot water system, should comply with current relevant product
standard demands. Wording pressure and working temperature of pipeline must not exceed
the allowable working pressure and working temperature of product standard limitation.
5.6.2 Anti-corrosive and convenient installation connection and reliable pipe should be
selected as hot water supply line, thin walled copper pipe, thin walled stainless steel pipe,
plastic hot water pipe, plastic and metallic complex hot water pipe etc. may be selected.
When plastic hot water pipe or plastic and metallic complex hot water pipe is selected, it

97
should comply with following demands:
1 Working pressure of pipeline should be selected according to under corresponding
temperature its permitted allowable working pressure.
2 Plastic hot water pipe should not be adopted in the equipment machine room.
5.6.3 Hot water system, compensating pipeline for expansion and contraction measure
should be provided.
5.6.4 In the upward-flow-downward-feed system air-discharge device should be installed at
the highest point of distribution main pipe, in the downward -flow- upward-feed type system,
the highest distribution point may be utilized for air discharge use; system’s lowest point
sluice device should be installed.
5.6.5 When the downward -flow- upward-feed system is equipped with with circulating
pipe, its vertical returning pipe should be connected with vertical water distribution pipe
below the highest water distribution point at a distance of approximately 0.5m. In the
upward-flow- downward-feed system, it is only needed that circulation pipe will be linked
with each vertical pipes.
5.6.6 Hot water system various kinds valve’s material and valve type should comply with
requirements article 3.4.4, 3.4.5, 3.4.7, 3.4.9, 3.4.10 in this code.
5.6.7 Hot water pipe net work valve should be installed on the following pipe sections:
1 Branch main pipe connects with distribution, return water main pipe.
2 Distribution water vertical pipe and return water vertical pipe.
3 Branch pipe connects from vertical pipe.
4 Origin of distribution pipe of indoor hot water pipeline connected to the resident and
public toilets;
5 Connection pipe section with water heater, water treatment equipment and temperature,
pressure control valve set, according to demands valves are installed.
5.6.8 The hot water net work should be provided with check valve on the following pipe
sections:
1 Cold water supply pipe of water heater or storage tank.
Note: where the cold water supply pipe of water heater or storage tank is equipped with backflow preventer,
measures shall be taken to ensure the balance of cold/hot water supply pressure of the system.
2 Returning pipe of second circulation system in mechanical circulation.
3 Cold, hot water supply pipe of cold hot water mixer.
5.6.9 Out flow temperature of water heater should adopt different temperature restricled
demand self-temperature regulation device according to the storage heat regulator volume.
5.6.10 Upper part of water heater inlet, outlet pipe of heat medium, storage hot water tank
and cold hot water mixer, thermometer, pressure gauge should be installed; hot water
circulation inlet pipe, thermometer and temperature conductor for circulation pump’s on-off
controller should be installed; hot water tank thermometer water level gauge should be
installed pressure vessel equipment safety valve should be installed, connecting pipe diameter
of safety valve should be determined by calculation, and should comply with relevant
regulation of boiler and pressure vessels, sluice pipe of safely valve should draw to safety
place and valve must not be installed on sluice pipe.
5.6.11 If the total quantity of hot water consumption is needed to be measured, water flow
meter may be installed on the cold water supply pipe of water heater, hot water flow meter

98
may be installed in the special supply branch for water consumption point in series and single
consumption point. Dwelling with centralized hot water supply family branch hot water meter
should be installed. Type, calculation and management of flow meter should comply with
article 3.4.17~3.4.19 in this code.
5.6.12 The slope of hot water horizontal pipe may not be less than 0.0003.
5.6.13 Plastic hot water pipe may be concealed, when it is exposed, vertical pipe may be
arranged at the place not be strode, when it is not avoided, protection measure should be
provided outside the pipe.
5.6.14 Insulation measures should be taken for the protection of hot water boiler, fuel oil
(gas) hot water machine set, water heating equipment, storage tank, distribution tank, hot
water supply (distribution) pipe, circulation return main (vertical) pipe, thickness of insulation
shall be determined by calculation.
5.6.15 Hot water pipe should be provided with casing when it will pass through building
wall, floor, foundation, roof and basement exterior wall.
5.6.16 Laying of hot water pipe should comply with relevant articles of section 3.5 division
of this code.
5.6.17 Steam trap should be provided with each condensed water return pipe of water heater
which is indirectly heated by vapor heat medium, when condensed return water temperature
id less then 80, steam trap may not be installed. Lowest part of vapor vertical pipe, vapor pipe
concave lower part, steam trap may be arranged.
5.6.18 Diameter of steam trap should be determined by calculation, filter should be installed
in its front part, by-pass valve may be attached.

5.7 Drinking Water Supply

5.7.1 The rated consumption and hourly variation coefficient of drinking water according to
function of building and local condition should be determined according to Table 5.7.1.
Table 5.7.1 Rated consumption and hourly variation coefficient of drinking water

Designation Unit Rated consumption Kh

Workshop with high temperature Per person per shift 3~5 1.5

General Workshop Per person per shift 2~4 1.5

Living room in factory Per person per shift 1~2 1.5

Office building Per person per shift 1~2 1.5

Dormitory Per person per day 1~2 1.5

Building of teaching Per student per shift 1~2 2.0

Hospital Per sick bed per day 2~3 1.5

Theater cinema Per audience per show 0.2 1.0

Inn guest house and hotel Per guest per day 2~3 1.5

Gymnasium and stadium Per audience per show 0.2 1.0

Note: Hourly variation coefficient indicates the variation coefficient in the drinking water supply time.
5.7.2 Drinking water supply of residential district, dwelling, villa, water consumption may
be 4~7L/per person per day, hourly variation coefficient may be 6.
Table 5.7.2 Maximum daily portable water quota

99
Water utilization site Unit Maximum daily portable water quota

Residential building L/(person·day) 2.0~2.5

Office building L/(person·shift) 1.0~2.0

Teaching building L/(person·day) 1.0~2.0

Hotel L/(bed·day) 2.0~3.0

Note: 1 This quota is only the drinking water amount.

2 It may be increased to 4L/(person·day)~5L/(person·day) in the resident residential buildings in the
developed area.
3 Maximum daily pipeline portable water quota may be determined according to the customer requirements.
5.7.3 Pipeline portable water system shall meet the following requirements :
1 Pipeline portable water is the raw water through deep cleaning treatment, and the water
quality shall meet the requirements of the current standard "Water quality standards for fine
drinking water" CJ 94;
2 Rated flow of pipeline portable water nozzle should be 0.04 L/s~0.06 L/s; the
minimum working pressure shall not be less than 0.03 MPa;
3 Pipeline portable water system must be arranged independently;
4 Pipeline portable water should adopt speed regulation pump direct water supply or
water tank gravity type water supply mode that the processing equipment is placed on the
roof;
5 Tall building pipeline portable water system shall be vertically partitioned; the water
pressure of water distribution at the lowest point of each partition and at the most unfavorable
water distribution point shall meet the requirements of water pressure;
6 Drinking water should provide with circulation pipeline, circulation net water retaining
time may not exceed 12h. From vertical pipe connects with distribution tap, the branch pipe
length should not be greater than 3m;
7 Designed second flow of pipeline portable water system distribution pipe should be
calculated according to following formula:
qg = q0 m (5.7.3)

Where qg--Designed second flow of calculated pipe section (L/s);

q0--Rated flow of drinker, q0=0.04L/s~0.06L/s;
m--Number of drinker use simultaneously at the calculated pipe section,
determined based on the water nozzle number according to appendix F of this code.
8 Head loss of pipeline portable water system distribution pipe should be calculated
according to the requirements of article 3.6.10, 3.6. 11 of this code.
5.7.4 Building water supply should meet following standards:
1 Calculated temperature of boiling water should be calculated according to 100°C
calculated temperature of cold water should comply with article 5.1.4 of this code.
2 Vent pipe of boiling water equipment should lead to outdoor.
3 Screwed plug may be installed on distribution tap.
4 Boiling water equipment should install thermometer and water level gauge, boiling

100
water boiler should install thermometer, when necessary should install boiling water tank or
safety valve.
5.7.5 Middle primary school, gymnasium stadium etc. public building drinker should comply
with following demands:
1 The warm water or tap water is the raw water of drinking water should be filtered and
disinfested.
2 Circulating pipeline should be provided, circulation return water should be disinfected.
3 Drinker’s spray nozzle should be installed inclined and with protection the height of
spray nozzle is enough so that it can’t be submerged when drainage pipe is block up.
4 Pressure of spray nozzle in a series should be uniform.
5 Drinkers should be stainless steel, copper chrome plated or enamelized, enamel product,
its surface should be smooth and easy to clean.
5.7.6 Drinking water pipe should select anti-corrosion, smooth interior surface, comply with
food level sanitary demands, thin wall stainless steel pipe, thin wall copper pipe, high quality
plastic pipe. Boiling water pipeline should select metallic pipe, its working temperature is
greater than 100°C.
5.7.7 Valve, water meter, fittings, concealed material, distribution tap etc., its quality should
comply with food level sanitary demands and same as pipe materials.
5.7.8 The distribution of drinking water point should meet following demands:
1 It can’t be in the place where the water is easy to be polluted, for the work shop which
often produce poisonous gases or dust, it should be in the living room or cabinet not subjected
to be polluted.
2 It should be in the place convenient for getting water, examining and cleaning and good
ventilation and lighting shall be ensured.
3 In storied building, it should be determined according to local condition for using.
5.7.9 Boiling water room, drinking water treatment room should install water supply pipe,
drainage floor basin. Water supply pipe diameter may be calculated according to designed
hourly drinking water consumption. Boiling water equipment, boiler drainage, dram pipe
should adopt metallic drainpipe or heating resisting plastic drainpipe.

101
Appendix A Hazard Degree of Backflow Pollution and Selection of

Backflow Preventer

A.0.1 Backflow pollution hazard degree of drinking water shall be in accordance with those
specified in Table A.0.1.
Table A.0.1 Backflow pollution hazard degree of drinking water
Sites, pipelines and equipment connected with drinking water Backflow pollution hazard degree

Low Medium High

Tank field storing harmful and toxic liquid √

Production line of chemical liquid tank √

Radioactive material processing and nuclear reactor √

Workshop processing or manufacturing toxic chemicals √

Chemistry, pathology and animal laboratory √

Medical institution medical appliance cleaning house √

Autopsy and slaughter room √

Other toxic and harmful pollution site and equipment √

Fire hydrant system √

Wet spray system and water spray extinguishing system √

Fire Simple spray system √

fighting
Foam extinguishing system √

Hose reel set √

Fire water tank (pool) water replenishing √

Direct water absorption of fire pump √

Recyling water tank (pool) water replenishing of reclaimed water and rainwater √

Drinking water tank (pool) water replenishing √

Quarter drinking water inlet pipe √

Table A.0.1 (continued)

102
Sites, pipelines and equipment connected with drinking water Backflow pollution hazard degree

Low Medium High

Drinking water temperature and pressure vessels √

Pressure superposed water supply √

Water supply of sanitary ware and washing equipment √

Swimming pool water replenishing and overwater recreation pools √

Circulating cooling water collecting basin, etc. √

Waterscape water replenishing √

Sprinkler irrigation system with agent such as disinfestant √

Sprinkler irrigation system without any agent √

Livestock and poultry drinking water system √

Hose for flushing road and motor vehicle √

Flushing hydrant in the waste transfer station √

A.0.2 Backflow preventers shall be selected according to those specified in Table A.0.2.
Table A.0.2 Selection of backflow preventer
Backflow preventer Backflow pollution hazard degree

Low Medium High

Siphon Backpressure Siphon Backpressure Siphon Backpressure

backflow backflow backflow backflow backflow backflow

Air gap √ - √ - √ -

Reduced pressure type backflow √ √ √ √ √ √

preventer

Low resistance backflow preventer √ √ √ √ - -

Double check valve backflow - √ - - - -

preventer

Pressure type vacuum breaker √ - √ - √ -

Atmosphere type vacuum breaker √ - - - - -

103
 Appendix B Residential District Underground Pipeline (Structure)

Minimum Net Clearance between Lines

Table B Residential district underground pipeline (structure) minimum net clearance between lines
Kind of pipe

Water supply pipe Sewer Rainwater pipe

Net
clearance

Kind of pipe
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical

Water supply pipe 0.5~1.0 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15

Sewer 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15

Rainwater pipe 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15 0.8~1.5 0.10~0.15

Low pressure gas pipe 0.5~1.0 0.10~0.15 1.0 0.10~0.15 1.0 0.10~0.15

Buried hot water pipe 1.0 0.10~0.15 1.0 0.10~0.15 1.0 0.10~0.15

Heating ditch 0.5~1.0 - 1.0 - 1.0 -

Tree center 1.0 - 1.5 - 1.5 -

Buried 0.50 Buried 0.50 Buried 0.50

Electric power cable 1.0 1.0 1.0
Cased 0.25 Cased 0.25 Cased 0.25

Buried 0.50 Buried 0.50 Buried 0.50

Telecommunication cable 1.0 1.0 1.0
Cased 0.15 Cased 0.15 Cased 0.15

Tele and illumination cable 0.5 - 1.0 - 1.0 -

Note: 1 Net clearance indicates distance between pipe exterior walls, pipe crossing with casing pipe it indicated
distance between casting pipe exterior walls, buried hating pipe it indicates the distance between heat insulating
casing pipe exterior walls.
2 Electric power cable laying at road eastside (north-southward road) or south side (east-westward road);
Tele cables are lying at Westside or north side, shall be laid under pedestrian-way.

104
Appendix C Water Supply Pipe Section Sanitary Fixtures Water

Supply Equivalent Simultaneously Outflow Probability Calculated

Equation, ΑC Coefficient Values Table

Table C U0~αc value correspond table

U0 (%) αc

1.0 0.00323

1.5 0.00697

2.0 0.01097

2.5 0.01512

3.0 0.01939

3.5 0.02374

4.0 0.02816

4.5 0.03263

5.0 0.03715

6.0 0.04629

7.0 0.05555

8.0 0.06489

105
 Appendix D Valves and Screw Fittings Resistance Loss Converted

Length of Compensation

Table D Valves and screw fittings resistance loss converted length of compensation
Interior Various kinds of fittings converted pipe length (m)
diameter of 90°standard 45°standard standard T T straight flow Gate plate Ball valve Angle valve
fitting bent bent 90°angle valve
flow

9.5 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 2.4 1.2

12.7 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.2 0.1 4.6 2.4

19.1 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.2 6.1 3.6

25.4 0.9 0.5 1.5 0.3 0.2 7.6 4.6

31.8 1.2 0.7 1.8 0.4 0.2 10.6 5.5

38.1 1.5 0.9 2.1 0.5 0.3 13.7 6.7

50.8 2.1 1.2 3.0 0.6 0.4 16.7 8.5

63.5 2.4 1.5 3.6 0.8 0.5 19.8 10.3

76.2 3.0 1.8 4.6 0.9 0.6 24.3 12.2

101.6 4.3 2.4 6.4 1.2 0.8 38.0 16.7

127.0 5.2 3.0 7.6 1.5 1.0 42.6 21.3

152.4 6.1 3.6 9.1 1.8 1.2 50.2 24.3

Note: Screw joints in this table are fittings with not concave screw, that is fitting and pipe connecting point
with sudden change of interior diameter, the interior diameter of fitting is greater than pipe interior diameter. When
fitting are concave screw, or fitting and pipe jointed by welding with same diameter, the compensate length valve
will take the half of this table.

106
Appendix E Water Supply Pipe Section Designed Second Flow

Calculation Table

Table E-1 Water supply pipe section designed second flow calculation table [U: (%); q: (L/s)]

U0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

l 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20

2 70.94 0.28 71.20 0.28 71.49 0.29 71.78 0.29

3 58.00 0.35 58.30 0.35 58.62 0.35 58.96 0.35

4 50.28 0.40 50.60 0.40 50.94 0.41 51.30 0.41

5 45.01 0.45 45.34 0.45 45.69 0.46 46.06 0.46

6 41.12 0.49 41.45 0.50 41.81 0.50 42.18 0.51

7 38.09 0.53 38.43 0.54 38.79 0.54 39.17 0.55

8 35.65 0.57 35.99 0.58 36.36 0.58 36.74 0.59

9 33.63 0.61 33.98 0.61 34.35 0.62 34.73 0.63

10 31.92 0.64 32.27 0.65 32.64 0.65 33.03 0.66

11 30.45 0.67 30.80 0.68 31.17 0.69 31.56 0.69

12 29.17 0.70 29.52 0.71 29.89 0.72 30.28 0.73

13 28.04 0.73 28.39 0.74 28.76 0.75 29.15 0.76

14 27.03 0.76 27.38 0.77 27.76 0.78 28.15 0.79

15 26.12 0.78 26.48 0.79 26.85 0.81 27.24 0.82

16 25.30 0.81 25.66 0.82 26.03 0.83 26.42 0.85

17 24.56 0.83 24.91 0.85 25.29 0.86 25.68 0.87

18 23.88 0.86 24.23 0.87 24.61 0.89 25.00 0.90

19 23.25 0.88 23.60 0.90 23.98 0.91 24.37 0.93

20 22.67 0.91 23.02 0.92 23.40 0.94 23.79 0.95

22 21.63 0.95 21.98 0.97 22.36 0.98 22.75 1.00

24 20.72 0.99 21.07 1.01 21.45 1.03 21.85 1.05

26 19.92 1.04 20.27 1.05 20.65 1.07 21.05 1.09

107
 28 19.21 1.08 19.56 1.10 19.94 1.12 20.33 1.14

Table E-1 (continued)

U0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Ng U q U q U q U Q

30 18.56 1.11 18.92 1.14 19.30 1.16 19.69 1.18

32 17.99 1.15 18.34 1.17 18.72 1.20 19.12 1.22

34 17.46 1.19 17.81 1.21 18.19 1.24 18.59 1.26

36 16.97 1.22 17.33 1.25 17.71 1.28 18.11 1.30

38 16.53 1.26 16.89 1.28 17.27 1.31 17.66 1.34

40 16.12 1.29 16.48 1.32 16.86 1.35 17.25 1.38

42 15.74 1.32 16.09 1.35 16.47 1.38 16.87 1.42

44 15.38 1.35 15.74 1.39 16.12 1.42 16.52 1.45

46 15.05 1.38 15.41 1.42 15.79 1.45 16.18 1.49

48 14.74 1.42 15.10 1.45 15.48 1.49 15.87 1.52

50 14.45 1.45 14.81 1.48 15.19 1.52 15.58 1.56

55 13.79 1.52 14.15 1.56 14.53 1.60 14.92 1.64

60 13.22 1.59 13.57 1.63 13.95 1.67 14.35 1.72

65 12.71 1.65 13.07 1.70 13.45 1.75 13.84 1.80

70 12.26 1.72 12.62 1.77 13.00 1.82 13.39 1.87

75 11.85 1.78 12.21 1.83 12.59 1.89 12.99 1.95

80 11.49 1.84 11.84 1.89 12.22 1.96 12.62 2.02

85 11.15 1.90 11.51 1.96 11.89 2.02 12.28 2.09

90 10.85 1.95 11.20 2.02 11.58 2.09 11.98 2.16

95 10.57 2.01 10.92 2.08 11.30 2.15 11.70 2.22

100 10.31 2.06 10.66 2.13 11.04 2.21 11.44 2.29

110 9.84 2.17 10.20 2.24 10.58 2.33 10.97 2.41

120 9.44 2.26 9.79 2.35 10.17 2.44 10.56 2.54

130 9.08 2.36 9.43 2.45 9.81 2.55 10.21 2.65

140 8.76 2.45 9.11 2.55 9.49 2.66 9.89 2.77

108
150 8.47 2.54 8.83 2.65 9.20 2.76 9.60 2.88

160 8.21 2.63 8.57 2.74 8.94 2.86 9.34 2.99

Table E-1 (continued)

U0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

170 7.98 2.71 8.33 2.83 8.71 2.96 9.10 3.09

180 7.76 2.79 8.11 2.92 8.49 3.06 8.89 3.20

190 7.56 2.87 7.91 3.01 8.29 3.15 8.69 3.30

200 7.38 2.95 7.73 3.09 8.11 3.24 8.50 3.40

220 7.05 3.10 7.40 3.26 7.78 3.42 8.17 3.60

240 6.76 3.25 7.11 3.41 7.49 3.60 7.88 3.78

260 6.51 3.28 6.86 3.57 7.24 3.76 7.63 3.97

280 6.28 3.52 6.63 3.72 7.01 3.93 7.40 4.15

300 6.08 3.65 6.43 3.86 6.81 4.08 7.20 4.32

320 5.89 3.77 6.25 4.00 6.62 4.24 7.02 4.49

340 5.73 3.89 6.08 4.13 6.46 4.39 6.85 4.66

360 5.57 4.01 5.93 4.27 6.30 4.54 6.69 4.82

380 5.43 4.13 5.79 4.40 6.16 4.68 6.55 4.98

400 5.30 4.24 5.66 4.52 6.03 4.83 6.42 5.14

420 5.18 4.35 5.54 4.65 5.91 4.96 6.30 5.29

440 5.07 4.46 5.42 4.77 5.80 5.10 6.19 5.45

460 4.97 4.57 5.32 4.89 5.69 5.24 6.08 5.60

480 4.87 4.67 5.22 5.01 5.59 5.37 5.98 5.75

500 4.78 4.78 5.13 5.13 5.50 5.50 5.89 5.89

550 4.57 5.02 4.92 5.41 5.29 5.82 5.68 6.25

600 4.39 5.26 4.74 5.68 5.11 6.13 5.50 6.60

650 4.23 5.49 4.58 5.95 4.95 6.43 5.34 6.94

700 4.08 5.72 4.43 6.20 4.81 6.73 5.19 7.27

750 3.95 5.93 4.30 6.46 4.68 7.02 5.07 7.60

800 3.84 6.14 4.19 6.70 4.56 7.30 4.95 7.92

850 3.73 6.34 4.08 6.94 4.45 7.57 4.84 8.23

109
900 3.64 6.54 3.98 7.17 4.36 7.84 4.75 8.54

Table E-1 (continued)

U0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

950 3.55 6.74 3.90 7.40 4.27 8.11 4.66 8.85

1000 3.46 6.93 3.81 7.63 4.19 8.37 4.57 9.15

1100 3.32 7.30 3.66 8.06 4.04 8.88 4.42 9.73

1200 3.09 7.65 3.54 8.49 3.91 9.38 4.29 10.31

1300 3.07 7.99 3.42 8.90 3.79 9.86 4.18 10.87

1400 2.97 8.33 3.32 9.30 3.69 10.34 4.08 11.42

1500 2.88 8.65 3.23 9.69 3.60 10.80 3.99 11.96

1600 2.80 8.96 3.15 10.07 3.52 11.26 3.90 12.49

1700 2.73 9.27 3.07 10.45 3.44 11.71 3.83 16.02

1800 2.66 9.57 3.00 10.81 3.37 12.15 3.76 13.53

1900 2.59 9.86 2.94 11.17 3.31 15.58 3.70 14.04

2000 2.54 10.14 2.88 11.53 3.25 13.01 3.64 14.55

2200 2.43 10.70 2.78 12.22 3.15 13.85 3.53 15.54

2400 2.34 11.23 2.69 12.89 3.06 14.67 3.44 16.51

2600 2.26 11.75 2.61 13.55 2.97 15.47 3.36 17.46

2800 2.19 12.26 2.53 14.19 2.90 16.25 3.29 18.40

3000 2.12 12.75 2.47 14.81 2.84 17.03 3.22 19.33

3200 2.07 13.22 2.41 15.43 2.78 17.79 3.16 20.24

3400 2.01 13.69 2.36 16.03 2.73 18.54 3.11 21.14

3600 1.96 14.15 2.13 16.62 2.68 19.27 3.06 22.03

3800 1.92 14.59 2.26 17.21 2.63 20.00 3.01 22.91

4000 1.88 15.03 2.22 17.78 2.59 20.72 2.97 23.78

4200 1.84 15.46 2.18 18.35 2.55 21.43 2.93 24.64

4400 1.80 15.88 2.15 18.91 2.52 22.14 2.90 25.50

4600 1.77 16.30 2.12 19.46 2.48 22.84 2.86 26.35

110
4800 1.74 16.71 2.08 20.00 2.45 23.53 2.83 27.19

5000 1.71 17.11 2.05 20.54 2.42 24.21 2.80 28.03

Table E-1 (continued)

U0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

5500 1.65 18.10 1.99 21.87 2.35 25.90 2.74 30.09

6000 1.59 19.05 1.93 23.16 2.30 27.55 2.68 32.12

6500 1.54 19.97 1.88 24.43 2.24 29.18 2.63 34.13

7000 1.49 20.88 1.83 25.67 2.20 30.78 2.58 36.11

7500 1.45 21.76 1.79 26.88 2.16 32.36 2.54 38.06

8000 1.41 22.62 1.76 28.08 2.12 33.92 2.50 40.00

8500 1.38 23.46 1.72 29.26 2.09 35.47

9000 1.35 24.29 1.69 30.43 2.06 36.99

9500 1.32 25.10 1.66 31.58 2.03 38.50

10000 1.29 25.90 1.64 32.72 2.00 40.00

11000 1.25 27.46 1.59 34.95

12000 2.21 28.97 1.55 37.14

13000 1.17 30.45 1.51 39.29

14000 1.14 31.89

Ng =13333

15000 1.11 33.31 U=1.5%

q=40
16000 1.08 34.69

17000 1.06 36.05

18000 1.04 37.39

19000 1.02 38.70

20000 1.00 40.00

Table E-2 Water supply pipe section designed second flow calculation table [U: (%);q: (L/s)]

U0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Ng U q U q U q U Q

111
1 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20

2 72.08 0.29 72.39 0.29 72.70 0.29 73.02 0.29

3 59.31 0.36 59.66 0.36 60.02 0.36 60.38 0.36

4 51.66 0.41 52.03 0.42 52.41 0.42 52.80 0.42

5 46.43 0.46 46.82 0.47 47.21 0.47 47.60 0.48

6 42.57 0.51 42.96 0.52 43.35 0.52 43.76 0.53

7 39.56 0.55 39.96 0.56 40.36 0.57 40.76 0.57

8 37.13 0.59 37.53 0.60 37.94 0.61 38.35 0.61

9 35.12 0.63 35.53 0.64 35.93 0.65 36.35 0.65

10 33.42 0.67 33.83 0.68 34.24 0.68 34.65 0.69

11 31.96 0.70 32.36 0.71 32.77 0.72 33.19 0.73

12 30.68 0.74 31.09 0.75 31.50 0.76 31.92 0.77

13 29.55 0.77 29.96 0.78 30.37 0.79 30.79 0.80

14 28.55 0.80 28.96 0.81 29.37 0.82 29.79 0.83

15 27.64 0.83 28.05 0.84 28.47 0.85 28.89 0.87

16 26.83 0.86 27.24 0.87 27.65 0.88 28.08 0.90

17 26.08 0.89 26.49 0.90 26.91 0.91 27.33 0.93

18 25.40 0.91 25.81 0.93 26.23 0.94 26.65 0.96

19 24.77 0.94 25.19 0.96 25.60 0.97 26.03 0.99

20 24.20 0.97 24.61 0.98 25.03 1.00 25.45 1.02

22 23.16 1.02 23.57 1.04 23.99 1.06 24.41 1.07

24 22.25 1.07 22.66 1.09 23.08 1.11 23.51 1.13

26 21.45 1.12 21.87 1.14 22.29 1.16 22.71 1.18

28 20.74 1.16 21.15 1.18 21.57 1.21 22.00 1.23

30 20.10 1.21 20.51 1.23 20.93 1.26 21.36 1.28

32 19.52 1.25 19.94 1.28 20.36 1.30 20.78 1.33

34 18.99 1.29 19.41 1.32 19.83 1.35 20.25 1.38

Table D-2 (continued)

U0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

112
Ng U q U q U q U q

36 18.51 1.33 18.93 1.36 19.35 1.39 19.77 1.42

38 18.07 1.37 18.48 1.40 18.90 1.44 19.33 1.47

40 17.66 1.41 18.07 1.45 18.49 1.48 18.92 1.51

42 17.28 1.45 17.69 1.49 18.11 1.52 18.54 1.56

44 16.92 1.49 17.34 1.53 17.76 1.56 18.18 1.60

46 16.59 1.53 17.00 1.56 17.43 1.60 17.85 1.64

48 16.28 1.56 16.69 1.60 17.11 1.64 17.54 1.68

50 15.99 1.60 16.40 1.64 16.82 1.68 17.25 1.73

55 15.33 1.69 15.74 1.73 16.17 1.78 16.59 1.82

60 14.76 1.77 15.17 1.82 15.59 1.87 16.02 1.92

65 14.25 1.85 14.66 1.91 15.08 1.96 15.51 2.02

70 13.80 1.93 14.21 1.99 14.63 2.05 15.06 2.11

75 13.39 2.01 13.81 2.07 14.23 2.13 14.65 2.20

80 13.02 2.08 13.44 2.15 13.86 2.22 14.28 2.29

85 12.69 2.16 13.10 2.23 13.52 2.30 13.95 2.37

90 12.38 2.23 12.80 2.30 13.22 2.38 13.64 2.46

95 12.10 2.30 12.52 2.38 12.94 2.46 13.36 2.54

100 11.84 2.37 12.26 2.45 12.68 2.54 13.10 2.62

110 11.38 2.50 11.79 2.59 12.21 2.69 12.63 2.78

120 10.97 2.63 11.38 2.73 11.80 2.83 12.23 2.93

130 10.61 2.76 11.02 2.87 11.44 2.98 11.87 3.09

140 10.29 2.88 10.70 3.00 11.12 3.11 11.55 3.23

150 10.00 3.00 10.42 3.12 10.83 3.25 11.26 3.38

160 9.74 3.12 10.16 3.25 10.57 3.38 11.00 3.52

170 9.51 3.23 9.92 3.37 10.34 3.51 10.76 3.66

180 9.29 3.34 9.70 3.49 10.12 3.64 10.54 3.80

190 9.09 3.45 9.50 3.61 9.92 3.77 10.34 3.93

Table E-2 (continued)

113
 U0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

200 8.91 3.56 9.32 3.73 9.74 3.89 10.16 4.06

220 8.57 3.77 8.99 3.95 9.40 4.14 9.83 4.32

240 8.28 3.98 8.70 4.17 9.12 4.38 9.54 4.58

260 8.03 4.18 8.44 4.39 8.86 4.61 9.28 4.83

280 7.81 4.37 8.22 4.60 8.63 4.83 9.06 5.07

300 7.60 4.56 8.01 4.81 8.43 5.06 8.85 5.31

320 7.42 4.75 7.83 5.01 8.24 5.28 8.67 5.55

340 7.25 4.93 7.66 5.21 8.08 5.49 8.50 5.78

360 7.10 5.11 7.51 5.40 7.92 5.70 8.34 6.01

380 6.95 5.29 7.36 5.60 7.78 5.91 8.20 6.23

400 6.82 5.46 7.23 5.79 7.65 6.12 8.07 6.46

420 6.70 5.63 7.11 5.97 7.53 6.32 7.95 6.68

440 6.59 5.80 7.00 6.16 7.41 6.52 7.83 6.89

460 6.48 5.97 6.89 6.34 7.31 6.72 7.73 7.11

480 6.39 6.13 6.79 6.52 7.21 6.92 7.63 7.32

500 6.29 6.29 6.70 6.70 7.12 7.12 7.54 7.54

550 6.08 6.69 6.49 7.14 6.91 7.60 7.32 80.6

600 5.90 7.08 6.31 7.57 6.72 8.07 7.14 8.57

650 5.74 7.46 6.15 7.99 6.56 8.53 6.98 90.7

700 5.59 7.83 6.00 8.40 6.42 8.98 6.83 9.57

750 5.46 8.20 5.87 8.81 6.29 9.43 6.70 10.06

800 5.35 8.56 5.75 9.21 6.17 9.87 6.59 10.54

850 5.24 8.91 5.65 9.60 6.06 10.30 6.48 11.01

900 5.14 9.26 5.55 9.99 5.96 10.73 6.38 11.48

950 5.05 9.60 5.46 10.37 5.87 11.16 6.29 11.95

1000 4.97 9.94 5.38 10.75 5.79 11.58 6.21 12.41

1100 4.82 10.61 5.23 11.50 5.64 12.41 6.06 13.32

114
1200 4.69 11.26 5.10 12.23 5.51 13.22 5.93 14.22

Table E-2 (continued)

U0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Ng U q U q U q U q

1300 4.58 11.90 4.98 12.95 5.39 14.02 5.81 15.11

1400 4.48 12.53 4.88 13.66 5.29 14.81 5.71 15.98

1500 4.38 13.15 4.79 14.36 5.20 15.60 5.61 16.84

1600 4.30 13.76 4.70 15.05 5.11 16.37 5.53 17.70

1700 4.22 14.36 4.63 15.74 5.04 17.13 5.45 18.54

1800 4.16 14.96 4.56 16.41 4.97 17.89 5.38 19.38

1900 4.09 15.55 4.49 17.08 4.90 18.64 5.32 20.21

2000 4.03 16.13 4.44 17.74 4.85 19.38 5.26 21.04

2200 3.93 17.28 4.33 19.05 4.74 20.85 5.15 22.67

2400 3.83 18.41 4.24 20.34 4.65 22.30 5.06 24.29

2600 3.75 19.52 4.16 21.61 4.56 23.73 4.98 25.88

2800 3.68 20.61 4.08 22.86 4.49 25.15 4.90 27.46

3000 3.62 21.69 4.02 24.10 4.42 26.55 4.84 29.02

3200 3.56 22.76 3.96 25.33 4.36 27.94 4.78 30.58

3400 3.50 23.81 3.90 26.54 4.31 29.31 4.72 32.12

3600 3.45 24.86 3.85 27.75 4.26 30.68 4.67 33.64

3800 3.41 25.90 3.81 28.94 4.22 32.03 4.63 35.16

4000 3.37 26.92 3.77 30.13 4.17 33.38 4.58 36.67

4200 3.33 27.94 3.73 31.30 4.13 34.72 4.54 38.17

4400 3.29 28.95 3.69 32.47 4.10 36.05 4.51 39.67

4600 3.26 29.96 3.66 33.64 4.06 37.37

Ng =4444

4800 3.22 30.95 3.62 34.79 4.03 38.69 U=4.5%

q =40.00
5000 3.19 31.95 3.59 35.94 4.00 40.00

5500 3.13 34.40 3.53 38.79

115
6000 3.07 36.82 Ng=5714
U=3.5%
6500 3.02 39.21 q=40.00

6667 3.00 40.00

Table E-3 Water supply pipe section designed second flow calculation table [U: (%); q: (L/s)]

U0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Ng U q U q U q U q

l 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20 100.00 0.20

2 73.33 0.29 73.98 0.30 74.64 0.30 75.30 0.30

3 60.75 0.36 61.49 0.37 62.24 0.37 63.00 0.38

4 53.18 0.43 53.97 0.43 54.76 0.44 55.56 0.44

5 48.00 0.48 48.80 0.49 49.62 0.50 50.45 0.50

6 44.16 0.53 44.98 0.54 45.81 0.55 46.65 0.56

7 41.17 0.58 42.01 0.59 42.85 0.60 43.70 0.61

8 38.76 0.62 39.60 0.63 40.45 0.65 41.31 0.66

9 36.76 0.66 37.61 0.68 38.46 0.69 39.33 0.71

10 35.07 0.70 35.92 0.72 36.78 0.74 37.65 0.75

11 33.61 0.74 34.46 0.76 35.33 0.78 36.20 0.80

12 32.34 0.78 33.19 0.80 34.06 0.82 34.93 0.84

13 31.22 0.81 32.07 0.83 32.94 0.86 33.82 0.88

14 30.22 0.85 31.07 0.87 31.94 0.89 32.82 0.92

15 29.32 0.88 30.18 0.91 31.05 0.93 31.93 0.96

16 28.50 0.91 29.36 0.94 30.23 0.97 31.12 1.00

17 27.76 0.94 28.62 0.97 29.50 1.00 30.86 1.03

18 27.08 0.97 27.94 1.01 28.82 1.04 29.70 1.07

19 26.45 1.01 27.32 1.04 28.19 1.07 29.08 1.10

20 25.88 1.04 26.74 1.07 27.62 1.10 28.50 1.14

22 24.84 1.09 25.71 1.13 26.58 1.17 27.47 1.21

24 23.94 1.15 24.80 1.19 25.68 1.23 26.57 1.28

116
26 23.14 1.20 24.01 1.25 24.98 1.29 25.77 1.34

28 22.43 1.26 23.30 1.30 24.18 1.35 25.06 1.40

30 21.79 2.31 22.66 1.36 23.54 1.41 24.43 1.47

32 21.21 1.36 22.08 1.41 22.96 1.47 23.85 1.53

Table E-3 (continued)

U0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Ng U q U q U q U q

34 20.68 1.41 21.55 1.47 22.43 1.53 23.32 1.59

36 20.20 1.45 21.07 1.52 21.95 1.58 22.84 1.64

38 19.76 1.50 20.63 1.57 21.51 1.63 22.40 1.70

40 19.35 1.55 20.22 1.62 21.10 1.69 21.99 1.76

42 18.97 1.59 19.84 1.67 20.72 1.74 21.61 1.82

44 18.61 1.64 19.48 1.71 20.36 1.79 21.25 1.87

46 18.28 1.68 19.15 1.76 20.03 1.84 20.92 1.92

48 17.97 1.73 18.84 1.81 19.72 1.89 20.61 1.98

50 17.68 1.77 18.55 1.86 19.43 1.94 20.32 2.03

55 17.02 1.87 17.89 1.97 18.77 2.07 19.66 2.16

60 16.45 1.97 17.32 2.08 18.20 2.18 19.08 2.29

65 15.94 2.07 16.81 2.19 17.69 2.30 18.58 2.42

70 15.49 2.17 16.36 2.29 17.24 2.41 18.13 2.54

75 15.08 2.26 15.95 2.39 16.83 2.52 17.72 2.66

80 14.71 2.35 15.58 2.49 16.46 2.63 17.35 2.78

85 14.38 2.44 15.25 2.59 16.13 2.74 17.02 2.89

90 14.07 2.53 14.94 2.69 15.82 2.85 16.71 3.01

95 13.79 2.62 14.66 2.79 15.54 2.95 16.43 3.12

100 13.53 2.71 14.40 2.88 15.28 3.06 16.17 3.23

110 13.06 2.87 13.93 3.05 14.81 3.26 15.70 3.45

120 12.66 3.04 13.52 3.25 14.40 3.46 15.29 3.67

130 12.30 3.20 13.16 3.42 14.04 3.65 14.93 3.88

117
140 11.97 3.35 12.84 3.60 13.72 3.84 14.61 4.09

150 11.69 3.51 12.55 3.77 13.43 4.03 14.32 4.30

160 11.43 3.66 12.29 3.93 13.17 4.21 14.06 4.50

170 11.19 3.80 12.05 4.10 12.93 4.40 13.82 4.70

180 10.97 3.95 11.84 4.26 12.71 4.58 13.60 4.90

Table E-3 (continued)

U0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Ng U q U q U q U q

190 10.77 4.09 11.64 4.42 12.51 4.75 13.40 5.09

200 10.59 4.23 11.45 4.58 12.33 4.93 13.21 5.28

220 10.25 4.51 11.12 4.89 11.99 5.28 12.88 5.67

240 9.96 4.78 10.83 5.20 11.70 5.62 12.59 6.04

260 9.71 5.05 10.57 5.50 11.45 5.95 12.33 6.41

280 9.48 5.31 10.34 5.79 11.22 6.28 12.10 6.78

300 9.28 5.57 10.14 6.08 11.01 6.61 11.89 7.14

320 9.09 5.82 9.95 6.37 10.83 6.93 11.71 7.49

340 8.92 6.07 9.78 6.65 10.66 7.25 11.54 7.84

360 8.77 6.31 9.63 6.93 10.50 7.56 11.38 8.19

380 8.63 6.56 9.49 7.21 10.36 7.87 11.24 8.54

400 8.49 6.80 9.35 7.48 10.23 8.18 11.10 8.88

420 8.37 7.03 9.23 7.76 10.10 8.49 10.98 9.22

440 8.26 7.27 9.12 8.02 9.99 8.79 10.87 9.56

460 8.15 7.50 9.01 8.29 9.88 9.09 10.76 9.90

480 8.05 7.73 8.91 8.56 9.78 9.39 10.66 10.23

500 7.96 7.96 8.82 8.82 9.69 9.69 10.56 10.56

550 7.75 8.52 8.61 9.47 9.47 10.42 10.35 11.30

600 7.56 9.08 8.42 10.11 9.29 11.56 10.16 12.20

650 7.40 9.62 8.26 10.74 9.12 11.86 10.00 13.00

700 7.26 10.16 8.11 11.36 8.98 12.57 9.85 13.79

118
750 7.13 10.69 7.98 11.97 8.85 13.27 9.72 14.58

800 7.01 11.21 7.86 12.58 8.73 13.96 9.60 15.36

850 6.90 11.73 7.75 13.18 8.62 14.65 9.49 16.14

900 6.80 12.24 7.66 13.78 8.52 15.34 9.39 16.91

950 6.71 12.75 7.56 14.37 8.43 16.01 9.30 17.67

1000 6.63 13.26 7.48 14.96 8.34 16.69 9.22 18.43

Table E-3 (continued)

U0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Ng U q U q U q U q

1100 6.48 14.25 7.33 16.12 8.19 18.02 9.06 19.94

1200 6.35 15.23 7.20 17.27 8.06 19.34 8.93 21.43

1300 6.23 16.20 7.08 18.41 7.94 20.65 8.81 22.91

1400 6.13 17.15 6.98 19.53 7.84 21.95 8.71 24.38

1500 6.03 18.10 6.88 20.65 7.74 23.23 8.61 25.84

1600 5.95 19.04 6.80 21.76 7.66 24.51 8.53 27.28

1700 5.87 19.97 6.72 22.85 7.58 25.77 8.45 28.72

1800 5.80 20.89 6.65 23.94 7.51 27.03 8.38 30.15

1900 5.74 21.80 6.59 25.03 7.44 28.29 8.31 31.58

2000 5.68 22.71 6.53 26.10 7.38 29.53 8.25 33.00

2200 5.57 24.51 6.42 28.24 7.27 32.01 8.14 35.81

2400 5.48 26.29 6.32 30.35 7.18 34.46 8.04 38.60

2600 5.39 28.05 6.24 32.45 7.10 36.89

Ng=2500

2800 5.32 29.80 6.17 34.52 7.02 39.31 U=8.0%

q =40.00
3000 5.25 31.53 6.10 36.59
Ng=2857

3200 5.19 33.24 6.04 38.64 U=7.0%

Q=40.00
3400 5.14 34.95
Ng=3333
3600 5.09 36.64 U=6.0%
q=40.00
3800 5.04 38.33

4000 5.00 40.00

119
 Appendix F Drinking Water Number of Taps Simultaneously Use

in the Calculated Pipe Section

F.0.1 Where the drinking water nozzle number no≤24 on the calculated pipe segment, the
simultaneous use amount m may be taken according to Table F.0.1.
Table F.0.1 Simultaneously use number of 24 taps or less than 24 taps
Number of taps no 1 2 3~8 9~24

Simultaneously use number m 1 2 3 4

F.0.2 Where the drinking water nozzle number no>24 on the calculated pipe segment, the
simultaneous use amount m may be taken according to Table F.0.2.
Table F.0.2 Simultaneously use number of more than 24 taps

m 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.065 0.070 0.075 0.080 0.085 0.090 0.095 0.100

25 - - - - - 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6

50 - - 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10

75 - 4 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 14

100 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 16 17 18

125 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 21

150 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

175 5 7 8 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

200 6 8 9 11 12 14 15 16 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30

225 6 8 10 12 13 15 16 18 19 21 22 24 25 27 28 29 31 32 34

250 7 9 11 13 14 16 18 19 21 23 24 26 27 29 31 32 34 35 37

275 7 9 12 14 15 17 19 21 23 25 26 28 30 31 33 35 36 38 40

300 8 10 12 14 16 19 21 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 37 39 41 43

325 8 11 13 15 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46

350 8 11 14 16 19 21 23 25 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 45 47 49

375 9 12 14 17 20 22 24 27 29 32 34 36 38 41 43 45 47 49 52

400 9 12 15 18 21 23 26 28 31 33 36 38 40 43 45 48 50 52 55

425 10 13 16 19 22 24 27 30 32 35 37 40 43 45 48 50 53 55 57

450 10 13 17 20 23 25 28 31 34 37 39 42 45 47 50 53 55 58 60

475 10 14 17 20 24 27 30 33 35 38 41 44 47 50 52 55 58 61 63

500 11 14 18 21 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 60 63 66

Note: P0 is simultaneous use probability of water nozzle.

F.0.3 Simultaneous use probability of water nozzle may be calculated according to
following formula:

120
 (F.0.3)
Where, a--Empirical coefficient, take 0.22 for residential building; 0.27 for office
building; 0.45 for teaching building; 0.15 for hotel;
qd--System maximum daily portable water consumption (L/d);
n0--Water nozzle number;
qa--Rated flow of water nozzle .
Note: where no is inconsistent with the data in the table, m may be obtained by D-value method.

121
 Explanation of Wording in This Code

1 In order to treat different situations according to their individual conditions during

the implementation of this code. The words denoting the different degrees of strictness of
demands are explained as follows:
(1) Words denoting a very strict or mandatory requirement: “Must” is used for
affirmation;
“Must not” is used for negation.
(2) Words denoting a strict requirement under normal conditions: “Shall” is used for
affirmation;
“Shall not” is used for negation.
(3) Words denoting a permission of slight choice or an indication of the most suitable
choice when conditions allow:
“Should” or “may” are used for affirmation; “Should not” is used for negation.
2 “Be in accordance with” or “be in compliance with” are used to indicate that it is
necessary to implement items in this code according to other relative standards and codes.

122