必修4动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语练习题

这是一份必修4动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语练习题，共16页。试卷主要包含了动词 -ing 形式作表语，动词 -ing 形式作定语，动名词与现在分词都可以用作定语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

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动词的 ing 形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语
一、动词 -ing 形式作表语
1. 表示主语的内容 ， 可以转换到句首作主语
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clea n as possible. =keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job


His hobby is painting. = Painting is his job.

2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态 (动词 ing 相当一个形容词 ) ，作表语用的现 在分词， 许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：
astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring,

interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting The problem is quite puzzli ng. The n ews soun ds encouraging.

等(这类分词表示 “令人 … . 的”含义 ) 。如：


二、动词 -ing 形式作定语
1. 单个的动词 -ing 形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a read ing room = a room which is used for read ing
running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋
a worki ng method =a method for worki ng 工作方法
read ing materia I 阅读材料
No one is allowed to speak loud in the read ing room.
There is a swimmi ng pool in our school.
② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示
正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 (注意动名词作定语说明
被修饰词作用意义；现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么 )
develop ing coun tries = coun tries that are develop in 改展 中国家


an ordin ary-look ing house = a house that looks ordi nary a puzzli ng problem = a problem that puzzles somebod sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 walking stick 手杖

看起来很普通的房子
困扰人的问题

living room 起居室 running water 自来水
2. 作定语的动词 -ing 形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面 ， 做后置定语 , 相当于
一个定语从句。
They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south)
他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
Do you know the boy playing basket? ( =Who is playing basket)
你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？
The man visiting Japan ( 二 the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle
正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。
In the following years he worked even hard.

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在接下来的几年中，他工作更努力了。
The man talking to( 二 the man who is talking to) the teacher is our monito ' father. 正在与老
师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

三、 动词-ing 形式作宾补
1、 动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的 动作，强调
一个过程或一种状态。
Whe n we retur ned, we found a stra nger sta nding in front of the house.
2、 当主句转换为被动结构时 ， 原来作宾语补足语的动词 -ing 形式便转换为主语补 足语。 They found the film very excit ing. = The film is found very excit ing.
3、 能用-ing 形式作宾语补足语的几类动词 ：
1） 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词， （常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe,
look at, catch, listen to 等） + sb + doing sth （作宾补）
I felt somebody sta nding behi nd me.
I caught a stra nger slidi ng into the man age ' office.
2） 表示指使意义的动词使役动词， （常见的有 have, set, keep, get, leav 等） +sb/ sth + doing
sth （作宾补）
We kept the fire burni ng all ni ght Ion g. 我们让火整夜燃烧着。
I won ‘ t have you running about inethoo m. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
This sets me thi nki ng.
You should n'tkeep your lights bur ning in the day.
4、 see, hear, feel, watch 等动词之后用 -ing 形式和动词不定式 （省 to） 作宾语 补足语的区 别：
We heard the telepho ne ring.
We heard the telepho ne ringing.
前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。




四、 动词-ing 形式作状语
动词-ing 形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为 情况等， 相当于相对应的状语从句。
动词-ing 形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情 位于句末。
1 表示时间， 相当于一个时间状语从句。 （有时可在动词 -ing 前加一个表时间的 while 等）
Havi ng made full preparatio ns, we are ready for the exam in ati on. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。
（=After we have made full preparati on s... ）



方式或伴随


况状语时常
连词， 如 when,



Heari ng the n ews, they jumped with great joy.
Having finished his homework, Henry went home. (= After having finished his
homework/After he had fini shed his homework, Herny went home.) 2 表示原因，相当于一个
原因状语从句。
Being ill, he did n't go to school yesterday.

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由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 (= Since he was ill...)
Being poor, he couldn ' t afford a TV set.( =As he was poor, he couldn ' t afford a TV set.)
Not knowing his phone number, we couldn ' t get in touch with him. (= Because we
didn ' t know his phone number,we couldn ' t get in touch with him.)


3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
= and left him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱 .
European football is played in 80 countries, making is the most popular sport in the world.(= European football is played in 80 countries; as a result, it becomes the most popular sport in the world.)


4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。
Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.
=If you work hard at your lessons. 如果你努力
学习，就一定能成功。
Using your head, you ' ll find a good way. (= If you use your head, you ' ll find a good
way.)
Driving too fast, you ' ll damage the car. (=If you drive too fast, you ' ll damage the car)


5 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。
Although toiling all the year round (=Although he was toiling all theyear round), the poor
peasant couldn't afford to send his children to school. 这位贫苦的农民，尽管终年劳累，
还是无力送孩子上学。
Weighing almost one hundred jin (=Though it weighed almost one hundred jin), the box was lifted by him with one hand.

6 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.
= ...and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。 The six blind men stood all day long by the roadside, begging for money (=they were begging for money).
这六个盲人整天站在路边乞讨。
He went out, slamming the door (=he slammed the door). 他走出去，砰地一声把门带
上。

一、同义句转换 (用动词 -ing 形式)
1. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, so it caused the delay. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, ______ the delay.
2. ________________________ John watched curiously and thought that the woman seemed a little crazy. John watched curiously, that the woman seemed a little crazy.

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3. While I was waiting for the train, I had a long talk with him.
________ for the train, I had a long talk with him.
4. Because I was ill, I stayed at home.
________ , I stayed at home.
5.If you turn right at the second crossing, you will find the post office. right at the second
crossing, you will find the post office. 6.Because she had been beaten by a snake, she was
frightened at it. ______ by a snake, she was frightened at it. 二、选择填空
1. Though I have often heard this song ____ , I have never heard you ______ it.
A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing
2. It was so cold that they kept the fire ____ all night.
A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned
3. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a
passenger.
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting
4. — Did you meet anyone _____ at the party? — No, in fact, I found the party rather ____ .
A. interesting; boring B. interested; boring
C. interesting; bored D. interested; bored
5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _____ and let her off.
A. to have stolen B. to be stealing
C. to steal D. stealing
6. Don ' t leave the water _____ while you brush your teeth.
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
7. The ______ boy was last seen _____ near the East Lake.
A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play

8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______
A. smoke B. smoking
9. _______________ His job is
C. to smoke all the children.
A.look after B.looked after C.looking after
10. ---Do you know the girl ____ near the window?
---She is my deskmate.
A.seating B.standing C.is sitting

in the kitchen.
D. smoked

D.having looked after


A.his not being allowed B.his not allowing




11. What worried the boy most was C.his not been allowed

______ to visit his father is the hospital.
D.his being not allowed

12. Is it possible for a Chinese school to accept the policy _____ the use of mobile
phones on campus?
A.permitting B.to permit C.permitted D.being permitted
13. ---Was yesterday ' s conference successful?
---Not really. The number of _______ was much smaller than we had expected.
A.people who attend B.people attended C.people attending D.people attend 14. ______ such a good chance, how could she let it slip?
A.Having been given B.Having given C.To being given D.To have given 15. Living near the sea, ________ .
A.we enjoy fresh air and beautiful sight.
B. fresh air and beautiful is what we enjoy
C. it is fresh and beautiful sight is what we enjoy

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D. so we enjoy fresh and beautiful sight
16. ____________________________________________________
fact that I was not well prepared ,and _________________________
I gave up the English contest.
A.not wanting B.not want C.not wanted D.not to want
17. There are many mistakes in his essay, _____ his failure.


Thinking about the
to lose my face,

A.which results B.leading to C.led to D.that led to
18. _______ such heavy loss, the businessman doe ' st nhave the courage to go on. A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered
19. ________the project,they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A.Not completing
C.Not having completed

B.Not completed
D.Having not completed

20. Though _____ natural resources, the area is well developed. A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in
21. _______ , he seems to be very nervous.
A.Judge from appearance B.Judges from appearance
C.Judged from appearance D.Judging from appearan
动名词与现在分词用法的区别
动词的 -ing 形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。首先，动词的 -ing 形式在起名词作用 时，称为动名词；

用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。
一、 动词的 -ing 形式用作主语时为动名词 ，现在分词不可以用作主语。

1．动名词用作主语 .

Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。

2．有时 it 作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面

It ' nso use talking with him. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。

It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。

3. “ There is + n 后可以 ' 用动名词作主语

There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。

There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。


二、 动词的 -ing 形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。

1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语

I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 2．有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词

作宾语

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He has given up playing football. 他现在不踢足球了。

三、 当动词的 -ing 形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。

现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示 时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随 情 况等。其动作可

能发生在谓语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.


我们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间）
Living in the country, we had few social engagements. 我们住在乡下，交际的机会很少。（表原因）

Having money, he will buy a bigger car. （表条件）


Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it.. （表让步）
The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上碰破了 . （表结果）

He stood leaning against the wall. 他靠墙站着 . （表方式或伴随情况）


四、 动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语， 当动词的 -ing 的作用相当于名词时为动名词。 当动 词的 -ing 的



作用相当于形容词时，动词的
1．动名词用作表语

-ing 为现在分词。




Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。 Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊。

The main thing is getting there in time. 首要的事是及时到达那里。

2．现在分词用作表语


The news is encouraging. 这消息令人鼓舞。 This story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The day was so charming. 天气真是好极了。 The difference was most striking. 差别很明显。

五、动名词与现在分词都可以用作定语
现在分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，即 : 现在分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主 谓关系。通常能改

为一个定语从句。动名词则表示其修饰的名词的性质，或用途或功能 . 两 者在逻辑上无主谓关系。因此，只能
改为一个 for 加动名词的短语。 1．动名词作定语，动名词表性质或用途或功能。

swimming pool 游泳池 drinking water 饮用水 swimming suit 游泳衣












2．现在分词作定语 developing countries 发展中国家 growing doubts 越来越大的怀疑 the remaining days 剩下的岁月

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a booming town 日渐繁荣的城镇 the
existing condition 现有条件 lasting
peace 持久的和平

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六、 动名词与现在分词都可以用作补语， 但现在分词用作宾语补语时， 与前面的宾语构成 复 合宾语。
具有这种复合宾语的动词多为表示感觉的动词，如： smell, observe, watch, notice, look at, listen to 等。另

外，有些使役动词如 have, set, get, catch, keep, leave 等可以后面接含有现在分

词的复合宾语。还有，作为宾语补语的现在分词有时前面可有 as,前面的动词多用 regard,

consider, describe, see,think of 等。现在分词用作主语补语，多用在被动结构中，与主语构 成复合主语。而动

名词作补语对相应的动词却没这些规定。

1．动名词用作补语

I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。（ robbing 是宾语补语）

This is called turning things upside down. 这叫做把事物颠倒了。（ turning 是主语补语） 2．现在分词用

作补语

We found him waiting to receive us. 我们发现他等着欢迎我们。

We kept the fire burning all the time. 我们使火一直燃烧着。

They described the young man as having initiative and drive. 他们说这青年积极肯干。

He was seen going upstairs. 有人看见他上楼。



现在分词和动名词练习
1. The old farmer, _______ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of the burning house, _______ for help.
A. supporting; calling B. supported by; called
C. being supported by; called D. being supporting; called
2. --- Oh, it ' s already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening? --- We ' ll go on with the matter _______ this afternoon.
A. be discussed B. being discussing C. discussed D. which discussed
3. The brave man died, _____ his young wife nothing but a ________ cottage.
A. left; breaking B. leaving; broken C. left; broken D. to leave; breaking
4. ______ hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam.

A. Having been worked
C. Having never worked

B. Not to have worked
D. Never have worked

5. ______ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A. No passing B. Having passed
C. Not passing D. Not having passed



A. permit B. be permitted
7. _______ , the boy couldn
A. Since the key has lost
C. Lost the key



C. permitting D. to permit ' t
enter his house.
B. The key been lost
D. Having lost the key

6. Time _______, I can have done it better.
8. ______ into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.

_______
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A. Being translated
C. To be translated

B. Having translated
D. Having been translated

9. _____ for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.
A. Having blamed B. To blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blame
10. _____ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
11. _____ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.
A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge
12. _____ with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, _______ his tail to the rain.
A. Trembling; exposing B. Trembled; exposed
C. Trembled; exposing D. Trembling; exposed
13. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou ______ .
A. including B. being including C. to include D. included
14. -- Who were those people with the flags?

-- A group _______ A. calls B. calling
1. No one enjoys _____

itself the League of Peace.
C. called D. being called
at.

A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. to be laughed
2. You must do something to prevent your house_______ .
A. to be broken in B. from being broken in
C. to break in D. from breaking in
3. They insisted on _____ another chance to try.

A. given B. giving C. being given
4. —Where is my passport? I remember ____

D. to be given
it here.

—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember ______ it with you all the time.

C. u.tnpgu;tt;otateke B. putting ;taking
5. His room needs


A. painting; painted B. painted; painting
C. painting; painting D. painted; painted
6. After finishing his homework he went on


D. to put ;taking , so he must have it




a letter to his parents.